Cell membrane stability and chlorophyll content variation in wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes under conditions of heat and drought

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoaib Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Rashid Mehmood Rana ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Tahir ◽  
Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

Heat and drought are among the major obstacles confronting crop production under climate change. The present study was conducted to evaluate 50 diverse wheat genotypes for cell membrane stability (CMS) and chlorophyll content at seedling and anthesis stages under heat and drought stress conditions, to understand the effect of the two abiotic factors and to find promising genotypes for future breeding. Experiments were conducted in the glasshouse (seedling stage) and the field (anthesis stage). Analysis of variance showed significant variation (P ≤ 0.05) for all of the traits at seedling and anthesis stages. High levels of broad-sense heritability and genetic advance at 5% selection intensity indicated the presence of a high genetic component of variation and potential for genetic improvement through selection among the existing genetic variation. CMS showed a significant positive correlation with 1000-grain weight (TGW) under heat and drought conditions at both seedling and anthesis stages. Chlorophyll a/b ratio at seedling stage exhibited a significant negative correlation (r = –0.39, P < 0.05) with TGW under heat stress. Total chlorophyll content was significantly (r = 0.42, P < 0.05) correlated with TGW under heat stress at anthesis. Genotypes ETAD248 and ETAD7 showed the highest CMS and TGW values, whereas their chlorophyll a/b values were lowest, at both seedling and anthesis stages under heat and drought stress conditions. Higher CMS and total chlorophyll content, and lower chlorophyll a/b, were found to be useful indicators to identify genotypes with high TGW under heat and drought stress conditions. This study indicated the possibility of using seedling resistance as an indicator for later stage response in breeding for heat and drought resistance. The resistant genotypes identified can be used as potential germplasm in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Effect of nicosulfuron on chlorophyll content of marandu-grass cultivated in crop-forest-livestock integration systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 1876-1882
Author(s):  
Evander Alves Ferreira ◽  
Marcia Vitória Santos ◽  
Leandro Diego da Silva ◽  
Priscila Júnia Rodrigues da Cruz ◽  
Raul Ribeiro Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Integration System ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

The aim of this work was to study the effect of sub-doses of herbicide nicosulfuron on the levels of chlorophyll and growth of marandu-grass in an forest-livestock integration system. The treatments consisted of eucalyptus consortium with sorghum (BRS 655 hybrid) and forage Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu (marandu-grass) at 12×2 and 12×3 m spacings in agroforestry systems, in addition to sorghum + marandu-grass and marandu-grass in monoculture. The doses of nicosulfuron applied at the marandu-grass were 0, 15 and 30 g ha-1. At 30 and 120 days after the application of nicosulfuron, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were measured usinf a portable chlorophyll meter, with six measurements per plant. Afterwards, the total chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b were calculated. We also measured the mass of the total dry matter of marandu-grass and growth rate of the culture. Marandu-grass plants cultivated in monoculture showed higher quantities of chlorophyll and the highest growth rates. The levels of chlorophyll a, b and chlorophyll a/b and the growth rate of marandu grass were similar between systems integrated with eucalyptus (12x2 and 12x3 m). The increase of herbicide dose negatively influenced on chlorophyll content in marandu-grass in all treatments evaluated. The use of nicosulfuron in doses of 25 and 50 g L-1 reduced the growth rate of marandu grass only when grown in monoculture

scholarly journals The response of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) to the application of PCB-contaminated sewage sludge and urban sediment

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wyrwicka ◽  
Magdalena Urbaniak ◽  
Mirosław Przybylski
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Antioxidative Response

Background The increasing production of sewage sludge (SS) engenders the problem of its responsible utilization and disposal. Likewise, urban sediments (SED) are deposited at the bottom of urban reservoirs and sedimentation ponds, and these require periodical dredging and utilization. However, while the SS and SED deposits often contain nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus; however, they also contain a variety of hazardous compounds including heavy metals, Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and microbial pollutants. Fortunately, some species of Cucurbitaceae can accumulate high levels of POPs, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), in their tissues. Methods SS was collected from the Lodz Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant and SED from the Sokołówka Sequential Biofiltration System. The SS and SED samples were added to soil in flower pots at three concentrations (1.8 g, 5.4 g and 10.8 g per flower pot), and one pot was left as an unamended control (C). Soil PCB concentrations were determined before cucumber planting, and after five weeks of growth. Also, total soluble protein, total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b ratio and degree of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) were examined in the leaves of the cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) cv. Cezar after five weeks. Antioxidative response was assessed by ascorbate peroxidase (APx) and catalase (CAT) assay. Results The initial PCB concentration in soil after application of SS or SED was dependent on the applied dose. After five weeks, PCB concentration fell significantly for all samples and confirmed that the dose of SS/SED had a strong effect. Soil remediation was found to be more effective after SS application. Total soluble protein content in the cucumber leaf tissues was dependent on both the type and the dose of the applied amendments, and increased with greater SS doses in the soil. The total chlorophyll content remained unchanged, and the chlorophyll a/b ratio was slightly elevated only after the application of the highest SS and SED dose. The use of SS and SED did not significantly affect TBARS content. APx activity fell after SS or SED application; however, CAT activity tended to increase, but only in the leaves of plants grown in SS-amended soil. Discussion The cultivation of cucumber plants reduces PCB concentration in soil amended with SS or SED; however, this effect is more evident in the case of SS. SS application also induced more intensive changes in the activity of enzymes engaged in antioxidative response and oxidative stress markers in plant tissues than SED. The levels of PCB in the SS may have triggered a more severe imbalance between pro- and antioxidative reactions in plants. Cucumber plants appear to be resistant to the presence of toxic substances in SS and SED, and the addition of SS and SED not only acts as a fertilizer, but also protects against accelerated aging.

scholarly journals Cell Membrane Stability and Relative Cell Injury in Response to Heat Stress during Early and Late Seedling Stages of Diverse Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Germplasm

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1446-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneela Nijabat ◽  
Adam Bolton ◽  
Muhammad Mahmood-ur-Rehman ◽  
Adeel Ijaz Shah ◽  
Rameez Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Heat Tolerant

Heat waves occur with more regularity and they adversely affect the yield of cool season crops including carrot (Daucus carota L.). Heat stress influences various biochemical and physiological processes including cell membrane permeability. Ion leakage and increase in cell permeability are indicators of cell membrane stability and have been used to evaluate the stress tolerance response in numerous crops and inform plant breeders for improving heat tolerance. No study has been published about the effects of heat stress on cell membrane stability and relative cell injury of carrot. Therefore, the present study was designed to estimate these stress indicators in response to heat stress at the early and late seedling developmental stages of 215 diverse accessions of wild and cultivated carrot germplasm. The article identifies the relationship between early and late stages of seedling tolerance across carrot genotypes and identifies heat-tolerant genotypes for further genetic analysis. Significant genetic variation among these stress indicators was identified with cell membrane stability and relative cell injury ranging from 6.3% to 97.3% and 2.8% to 76.6% at the early seedling stage, respectively; whereas cell membrane stability and relative cell injury ranged from 2.0% to 94.0% and 2.5% to 78.5%, respectively, at the late seedling stage under heat stress. Broad-sense heritability ranged from 0.64 to 0.91 for traits of interest under study, which indicates a relatively strong contribution of genetic factors in phenotypic variation among accessions. Heat tolerance varied widely among both wild and cultivated accessions, but the incidence of tolerance was higher in cultivated carrots than in wild carrots. The cultivated carrot accessions PI 326009 (Uzbekistan), PI 451754 (Netherlands), L2450 (USA), and PI 502654 (Pakistan) were identified as the most heat-tolerant accessions with highest cell membrane stability. This is the first evaluation of cell membrane stability and relative cell injury in response to heat stress during carrot development.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Herbicidal Activity of Amide Derivatives of Glyphosate

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 2378-2383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatinder Pal Kaur Gill ◽  
Nidhi Sethi ◽  
Anand Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Amide Derivatives ◽  
The Common ◽  
Derivatives Of

The present work includes synthesis of a series of amide derivatives of glyphosate and their characterization. The structure analysis of these new derivatives was done with the help of FTIR and 1H NMR, Further, their herbicidal activity was analyzed on one of the common weeds (Parthenium hysterophorus). Under the influence of amide derivatives of glyphosate it was found that the chlorophyll content (Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and total Chlorophyll content) of the weed was found to lessen than the control. Moreover, these synthesized derivatives are less polar as compared to the parent glyphosate molecule thereby can emphatically reduce the problem of their leaching into the groundwater.

scholarly journals Effect of Drought-Stress Conditions in Chlorophyll Content of Dendrobium sp. Planlets

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Fesya Salma Putri ◽  
Endang Nurcahyani ◽  
Yulianty Yulianty ◽  
Bambang Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Low Humidity

Dendrobium sp. was a popular ornamental plant and has high economic value. One of many difficulties in the growth of orchids in Indonesia is low humidity and lack of water availability. Regulatory Substance Growth in the form of an atonic solution can increase the growth of orchid plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of atonic solutions on orchid chlorophyll content in drought stress conditions. This study used a 3x3 factorial design. Factor A is the atonic solution with 3 levels of concentration: 0 mL/L, 2 mL/L, and 3 mL/L. Factor B is PEG 6000 with 3 concentration levels: 0% b/v, 20% b/v and 25% b/v. The parameters tested were chlorophyll a, b and total Dendrobium orchid plantlets. The results showed that atonic solution and PEG 6000 significantly affected the chlorophyll a, b and total content of chlorophyll. The higher concentration of the atonic solution, the more content of chlorophyll a, b and total plantlets of decreased in drought stress conditions in vitro.

scholarly journals Effect of IBA, NAA and their Combination on Rooting and Biochemical Parameters of Stem Cuttings in Barbados Cherry

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Alam Khan Samim ◽  
B. S. Shivakumar ◽  
Ganapathi M.
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Root Initiation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

An investigation was to assess the influence of growth regulators IBA, NAA and their combination on rooting and biochemical parameters of stem cuttings in Barbados cherry. It was observed that, the least number of days (21.33) taken for root initiation, maximum percentage of rooting (80.00) was observed in cutting treated with IBA 5000 ppm followed by IBA 4500 ppm over other treatments. Significantly highest Chlorophyll-a (1.26), Chlorophyll –b (0.55) and total chlorophyll content (1.82 mg/g of fresh weight) of leaves and C : N ratio (8.74) was observed in cuttings treated with IBA 5000 ppm followed by IBA 4500 ppm over all other treatments.

scholarly journals Seasonal changes of photosynthetical parameters as a results of forest gap model

2015 ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Árpád Szalacsi ◽  
Gergely Király ◽  
Szilvia Veres
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
High Light ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B

Photosynthetic parameters of English oak (Quercus robur L.) as a member of Querco robori-Carpinetum were investigated in two different habitat in terms of gap forest management: in the gap and in the host forest. The artifical opening process of the forest resulted in more light for growing saplings and need for acclimatization. Photosynthesis is one of the most important way for plant life and plant production. In the centre of photosynthetic efficiency the quality and quantity traits of photosynthetic pigments are standing. During our work some photosynthetic parameters of plants (in the gap and in the forest as well) were measured: relative chlorophyll content as SPAD index, chlorophyll a and b content, total chlorophyll content and ratio of chlorophyll a and b. Based on our results no significant differences among our data in early spring. Although, during the summer significant differences occurred between the measured values in the gap and in the forest area. Lower total chlorophyll content was experienced in the gap, than in the forest area due to the lower chlorophyll-b content. Because of the high light intensity higher chla/chlb ratio was measured in the gap. The lower chlorophyll contents of gap habitat may have a part of the acclimatization process of photosynthetic apparatus against high light stress, which can determinate the survival chance of individual.

scholarly journals Effect of drought stress on bio-chemical change and cell membrane stability of soybean genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Chowdhury ◽  
MA Karim ◽  
QA Khaliq ◽  
AU Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Soybean Genotypes

An experiment was conducted in a venylhouse at the environmental stress site of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during September to December 2012 to study the effect of drought stress on proline content, soluble sugar content, chlorophyll content and cell membrane stability of soybean genotypes. Four studied genotypes viz., Shohag, BARI Soybean-6 and BD2331 (relatively stress tolerant) and BGM2026 (susceptible) were tested against two water regimes such as water stress and non-stress. Results indicated that due to drought stress there was an increase in proline content and soluble sugar content and decrease in chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content, total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b ratio and cell membrane stability. Proline and soluble sugar showed more content in tolerant genotype than in susceptible ones. Chlorophyll reduction was most significant and cell membrane stability was found minimal in susceptible genotypes. From the result, genotype BGM2026 which recorded the lowest proline, soluble sugar content and highest chlorophyll reduction and cell membrane injury was considered as drought susceptible. The variety/genotype of soybean such as BARI Soybean-6, Shohag and BD2331 were more drought stress tolerant and better mechanisms of drought tolerance.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(3): 475-485, September 2017

scholarly journals Kandungan Klorofil Total Daun Puring (Codiaeum variegatum L.) Yang Mengalami Cekaman Kekeringan

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Natasya Gloria Sonke ◽  
Parluhutan Siahaan ◽  
Nio Song Ai
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Codiaeum Variegatum

elah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi kandungan klorofil total pada daun tanaman puring (Codiaeum variegatum L.) yang mengalami cekaman kekeringan. Tanaman puring varietas gelatik diberi perlakuan kekeringan selama 14 hari dengan tiga kali ulangan pada tanaman puring yang daunnya telah berkembang penuh (fully expanded leaf). Pengambilan sampel daun diambil pada hari ke-0 (sebelum perlakuan kekeringan dimulai), ke-7 dan ke-14 (setelah perlakuan kekeringan) yaitu pada daun tua dan daun muda pada tanaman control/diairi (DA) dan tidak diairi (TA). Kandungan klorofil daun diukur dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer pada panjang gelombang 649 dan 665 nm. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan ANAVA dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor umur daun serta interaksi antara umur daun dan waktu menyebabkan terjadinya perbedaan kandungan klorofil total pada daun tanaman puring varietas gelatikA study was carried out to evaluate the total chlorophyll content of croton (Codiaeum variegatum L. var. Belvalen) leaves under drought stress. The drought stress was applied for 14 days with three replications on leaf. The fully expanded leaves (old and young leaves) were collected at day 0, 7 and 14 from control (DA) and unirrigated (TA) plants. Leaf chlorophyll content measured using a spectrophotometer at 649 and 665 nm wavelengths. The data were analysed by ANOVA in Completely Randomized Design at 95% confidence level and followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The results showed that leaf age factor and the interaction between leaf age and time caused differences in total chlorophyll content in the leaves of croton cv. Gelatik plants

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