Combined Effects of Spirea Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) and Nitrogen Fertilization on Shoot Growth, Dry Matter Accumulation, and Carbohydrate Concentration in Young Apple Trees

1992 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 496-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walid Kaakeh ◽  
Douglas G. Pfeiffer ◽  
Richard P. Marini
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Carbohydrate Concentration ◽  
Spirea Aphid ◽  
Young Apple

Carinata Dry Matter Accumulation and Nutrient Uptake Responses to Nitrogen Fertilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 2038-2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramdeo Seepaul ◽  
Jim Marois ◽  
Ian M. Small ◽  
Sheeja George ◽  
David L. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation

scholarly journals Dynamics of sugar beet root, crown and leaves mass with regard to plant densities and spring nitrogen fertilization

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Ivana Varga ◽  
Zdenko Lončarić ◽  
Milan Pospišil ◽  
Mirta Rastija ◽  
Manda Antunović
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sugar Beet Root

This study analyzes the dynamics of sugar beet root, crown, and leaves fresh and dry matter (FM and DM, respectively) accumulation per plant and their mass ratio at different plant densities and nitrogen fertilization. The biennial field trials were set as four different planting densities (60,000, 80,000, 100,000 and 140,000 plants ha-1) and three methods of nitrogen application in spring: control – without nitrogen fertilization (N0), presowing only (N1), and presowing with topdressing (N2). Close to the maturation, the mean DM of the whole root, crown, and leaves on September 20, 2014 amounted to 28.8, 7.3 and 4.0 t ha-1, respectively, whereas it amounted to 20.7, 4.1 and 2.3 t ha-1 in 2015, respectively. Moreover, with regard to the plant densities, the highest root DM was at 140,000 and 100,000 (31.6 t ha-1 in 2014 and 22.4 t ha-1 in 2015), compared to the wider plant densities of 80,000 and 60,000 plants ha-1 (22.4 t ha-1 in 2014 and 18.1 t ha-1 in 2015). Nitrogen fertilization positively influenced on dry matter accumulation, but it was different within the years. On September 20, 2014, a presowing fertilization (N1) increased the root DM by 17%, compared to the control, whereas in 2015 the presowing with topdressing (N2) increased the root DM by 30%. The root-to-leaves FM ratio amounted to 1:3.9 on May 30, 2014, whereas it amounted to 1:0.1 on September 20, 2014. The leaves FM was at its largest on June 20, 2015, when the root-to-leaves ratio amounted to 1:1.1, and gradually decreased to 1:0.1 on September 20, 2015.

scholarly journals Rootstock Effects on Growth and Flowering in Young Apple Trees Grown with Ammonium and Nitrate Nitrogen

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Ping Gao ◽  
Hino Motosugi ◽  
Akira Sugiura
Keyword(s):  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Apple Rootstock ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Malus Prunifolia ◽  
Nutrient Solutions ◽  
Young Apple

Ungrafted trees of seven apple rootstock cultivars, M.4, M.7, M.11, M.26, M.27, MM.106, and Maru. bakaidou (Malus prunifolia Borkh. var. ringo Asami; weeping type), and `Fuji' (Malus domestics Borkh.) trees grafted on these seven plus M.9 and M. 16 rootstock were grown in sand. They were regularly supplied with nutrient solutions of N as ammonium alone (A), nitrate alone (T), and both (AT). With both ungrafted and grafted trees, the shoot growth of six rootstock (M.11, M.4, M.7, MM.106, M.26, and M.27) was significantly less with A than with T. With `Fuji' trees grafted on the above six rootstock, the number of flowering buds and the ratios of flowering buds to total emerged buds were significantly enhanced by treatments A and AT, especially in the formation of axillary flowering buds. Flowering and shoot growth of `Fuji' trees grafted on M. prunifolia and M.16 were slightly affected by the form of supplied N. In the xylem sap, cytokinin-like activity was detected in a single zone in paper chromatography in all rootstock and `Fuji' trees. The activity in six ungrafted rootstock (M.4, M.7, M.11, M.26, M.27, and MM.106) and `Fuji' trees grafted on these plus M.9 rootstock were higher with A than with T. Gibberellin-like activity in the same sap was detected in two zones, Rfs 0.3 to 0.4 and Rfs 0.7 to 0.8 in paper chromatography. In the six ungrafted rootstock and in `Fuji' trees grafted on these plus M.9, A led to higher activity at Rfs 0.7 to 0.S, but T led to higher activity at Rfs 0.3 to 0.4. Cytokinin-like and gibberellin-like activities in ungrafted M. prunfolia and `Fuji' trees grafted on M. prunifolia or M.16 were not affected by the form of N.

scholarly journals NOTCHING TECHNIQUES TO INCREASE BRANCHING OF YOUNG APPLE TREES

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1109G-1109
Author(s):  
Duane W. Greene ◽  
Wesley R. Autio
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Lateral Branching ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Young Apple

A series of experiments were initiated to evaluate the influence of notching on improving lateral branching of young apple trees. Buds on 2-year-old wood of `Redspur' Delicious/MM.111 were notched at 2-week intervals from 6 weeks before bloom to 2 weeks after. Notching increased lateral branching cubically with the greatest response occurring when notching was done 2 to 4 weeks before bloom. Bud break occurred equally well and shoots grew comparably when `Redcort'/M.7 were notched at the tip, middle, or base. Bud break and shoot growth from unnotched buds was greatest at the tip, intermediate in the middle and least at the base. Limbs of `Spygold'/M.7 were spread to a 45 degree angle then one bud from each l-year-old shoot was notched at either the top, side or on the bottom of the shoot. Notching increased lateral branching from all bud positions, but the greatest response was from buds notched at the top and least from those located at the bottom of a branch. Buds of `Marshall McIntosh' were notched on either 1 or 2-year-old wood. Notching increased lateral branching more on 2-year than on 1-year old wood.

scholarly journals Ratoon sugarcane yield integrated drip-irrigation and nitrogen fertilization

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1124-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl A. M. Uribe ◽  
Glauber J. de C. Gava ◽  
João C. C. Saad ◽  
Oriel T. Kölln
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Sugarcane Yield ◽  
Ratoon Sugarcane ◽  
Subsurface Drip

The aim of this study was to compare the use of water and nitrogen on ratoon sugarcane during irrigated and rain-fed conditions, and to assess the production potential of stalks and sugar with different rates of N-fertilizer on the subsurface drip-irrigated management. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications for each experiment and treatments: (T1) irrigated, 0kg N ha-1; (T2) irrigated, 70kg N ha-1; (T3) irrigated, 140kg N ha-1; (T4) irrigated, 210kg N ha-1; (T5) not irrigated, 0kg N ha-1, and (T6) not irrigated, 140kg N ha-1. Biometric, technological, dry matter and yield variables were analyzed among the treatments. The irrigation system together with the application of N-fertilizer at 140kg ha-1 presented significant differences in dry matter accumulation of shoots, and for the production of stalks and sugar, respectively 94, 105 and 106%, higher when compared to the not irrigated, without N-fertilizer (T5). There was a positive and synergistic effect of irrigation with N-fertilizer on the productivity of stalks and sugar. Ratoon sugarcane irrigated with subsurface dripping had the highest yield (22Mg ha-1 of sugar) with the dosage of 140kg ha-1 N.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document