Low-volume Applications of Azinphosmethyl, Fenvalerate, and Permethrin for Control of Coneworms (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Seed Bugs (Hemiptera: Coreidae and Pentatomidae) in Southern Pine Seed Orchards

1985 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Nord ◽  
G. L. Debarr ◽  
L. R. Barber ◽  
J. C. Weatherby ◽  
N. A. Overgaard
Keyword(s):  
Southern Pine ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Low Volume

VULNERABILITY OF THE FIR CONEWORM, DIORYCTRIAABIETIVORELLA (GROTE) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), IN DIFFERENT LARVAL STAGES TO THE HD-1 STRAIN OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Trudel ◽  
Éric Bauce ◽  
Jean Cabana ◽  
Claude Guertin
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Young Tree ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Dioryctria Abietivorella ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
The Impact

The fir coneworm, Dioryctria abietivorella (Grote), is a major insect pest in seed orchards across Canada and the adjoining eastern and western United States. Larvae feed principally on cones, but they can also feed on needles and occasionally on the bark of young tree trunks (Hedlin et al. 1980; Ruth 1980; Martineau 1985). The potential for a population of D. abietivorella to build up in seed orchards may be greater than in natural stands (Hedlin et al. 1980; Ruth et al. 1982). The use of entomopathogen in the management of fir coneworm could be an adequate measure to reduce the impact of this insect. Moreover, Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki has a specific effect on Lepidoptera (Aronson et al. 1986; Gill et al. 1992). The purpose of our study was to determine the activity of the HD-1 strain of B. thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki (serotype H-3a:3b) to larvae D. abietivorella. Bioassays were conducted with first-, third-, and fifth-instar larvae of fir coneworm to determine whether or not the insect's vulnerability to B. thuringiensis varies with larval age.

Nitrapyrin (2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)-pyridine), a nitrification inhibitor, may replace fertilizers for promoting cone bud production in southern pine seed orchards

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-208
Author(s):  
Robert C. Hare
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Female Cone ◽  
Nitrate Sources ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Cone Production

Male and female cone bud and cone production in loblolly (Pinustaeda L.) and slash (Pinuselliottiielliottii Engelm.) pine was significantly stimulated by June soil application of nitrapyrin (2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)-pyridine), a specific toxin for nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. Nitrapyrin presumably acts by conserving ambient soil nitrogen since only 1.5–2 g promoted cone buds as effectively as 150 g of elemental nitrogen from either ammonium or nitrate sources. Nitrapyrin may serve as a less costly substitute for nitrogen fertilization in seed orchards.

Evaluation of Aerial Applications of Acephate and Other Insecticides for Control of Cone and Seed Insects in Southern Pine Seed Orchards2

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-184
Author(s):  
Carl W. Fatzinger ◽  
Harry O. Yates ◽  
Larry R. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus ◽  
Cone And Seed Insects ◽  
Seed Insects

Acephate was evaluated for control of cone and seed insects in southern pine seed orchards from 1980 to 1985. Insecticides compared with acephate during this study were azinphosmethyl, fenvalerate, malathion, and the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis. Insecticides were applied aerially, by hydraulic sprayers, and by airblast sprayers. Experiments were conducted in loblolly pine seed orchards in Florida and North Carolina and in two slash pine seed orchards in Florida. Control of coneworms, Dioryctria spp., slash pine flower thrips, Gnophothrips fuscus (Morgan), and two seed bugs, the leaffooted pine seed bug, Leptoglossus corculus (Say), and the shieldbacked pine seed bug, Tetyra bipunctata (Herrich-Schäffer) was evaluated. Frost damage and a serious infection of southern cone rust, Cronartium strobilinum (Arth.) Hedgc, and Hahn, caused significant flower and conelet losses and may have obscured differences between treatment effects during some years. All of the insecticide treatments were equally effective in controlling coneworms. The percentages of trees infested with pine tortoise scale, Toumeyella parvicornis (Cockerell), and the striped pine scale, T. pini (King), and the numbers of scale insects per branch after five applications of insecticide, differed significantly for acephate and fenvalerate treatments.

CONTACT TOXICITY OF 17 INSECTICIDES TO LARVAE OF DIORYCTRIA AMATELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. DeBarr ◽  
Vicki H. Fedde
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North American ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

Moths of the genus Dioryctria are important insect pests of North American conifers (Baker 1972). Of the species that occur in the southern United States, e.g., D. clarioralis (Walker), D. disclusa (Heinrich), and D. ebeli Mutuura and Munroe, the southern pine coneworm, Dioryctria amatella (Hulst), is the most destructive (Ebel et al. 1975). Our paper reports the results of laboratory tests aimed at determining the relative toxicities of commercially available or promising experimental insecticides to D. amatella larvae.

Degree-day model for timing insecticide applications to control Dioryctria amatella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in loblolly pine seed orchards

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Hanula ◽  
Gary L. DeBarr ◽  
Julie C. Weatherby ◽  
Larry R. Barber ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Spring Generation ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

AbstractBecause Dioryctria amatella (Hulst) is a key pest in loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L. (Pinaceae), seed orchards in the southeastern United States, improved timing of insecticide applications would be valuable for its control. To time two fenvalerate (Pydrin® 2.4 EC) applications we tested four variations of a degree-day model that was developed to predicted when various proportions of D. amatella eggs would hatch during the spring generation. We compared reductions in Dioryctria spp. cone damage to unsprayed checks and a standard operational spray regime of four monthly applications of fenvalerate. In addition, we examined seeds from healthy cones to determine if sprays to control D. amatella also reduced seed damage caused by Leptoglossus corculus Say (Heteroptera: Coreidae) and Tetyra bipunctata (Herrich-Schäffer) (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae). Trials were conducted from 1984 to 1986 in two orchards in South Carolina and one in Alabama. Degree-day accumulations (threshold = 11 °C) were begun on the day when the cumulative number of male D. amatella equaled or exceeded five captured in 15 Pherocon 1C® traps baited with 100 μg of Z-11-hexadecenyl acetate. One application per year was insufficient to control D. amatella or reduced seed-bug damage. Two sprays based on D. amatella phenology significantly reduced coneworm and seed bug damage, and were as effective as four sprays applied monthly. None of the treatments reduce spring cone losses, which are primarily caused by Dioryctria merkeli Mutuura and Monroe. Several variations of the model performed well, but we suggest that the best, based on efficacy and ease of use, was when sprays were applied immediately after five males were caught (degree-day = 0) and again when the model predicted 50% of the spring generation eggs had hatched.

scholarly journals Southern Pine Coneworm, Dioryctria amatella (Hulst) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2005 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Meeker
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
First Year ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Pinus Spp

The southern pine coneworm, Dioryctria amatella (Hulst), also commonly referred to as a pitch moth, is consistently one of the most damaging insect pests of pine seed orchard crops throughout the southeastern United States (Ebel et al. 1980). Less well-recognized is that this widespread and frequently occurring insect also attacks a variety of other parts of pines (Pinus spp.) besides cones. Caterpillars can be found feeding on and in buds, male and female flowers, shoots, branches and stems of all ages and sizes, as well as in conelets (i.e., first-year cones) and second- year cones (Ebel 1965, Ebel et al. 1980, Goolsby et al. 1972). This document is EENY-325 (originally published as DPI Entomology Circular 393), one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: May 2004.  EENY325/IN600: Southern Pine Coneworm, Dioryctria amatella (Hulst) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (ufl.edu)

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