Effect of Temperature, light, and Date of Collection on the Feeding Rate of the Sweet clover Wleevil12

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O. Calkins
2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme A. Moss ◽  
Lennard J. Tong ◽  
Sarah E. Allen

Instar 1, 3, 5, and 7 phyllosomas of the spiny lobsterJasus verreauxi were reared individually at one of four temperatures (18, 21, 24, and 27C) and fed low, medium, or high rations of 2- to 3-mm Artemia salina. An increase in the temperature reduced the intermoult period for all instars tested, but only the instar 5 phyllosomas showed any significant differences in postmoult size with temperature; those at 18C were smaller. Phyllosomas reared at 18C ate fewer Artemia each day than did those at the higher temperatures, but instars 3 and 5 at 18C consumed more in total over the intermoult period. Survival for all instars tested was lowest at 18C. Increasing the food rations affected the growth and survival of instar 5 and 7 phyllosomas; those fed at the lower rations took longer to moult and had a smaller growth increment. For all instars tested, the feeding rate and total consumption increased with food ration.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Vivian Morley-Senkler ◽  
Jonathon Williams ◽  
Meghan Vankosky

Abstract Sitona lineatus (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is an important pest of Pisum sativum Linnaeus (Fabaceae) and Vicia faba Linnaeus (Fabaceae). Managing S. lineatus is difficult. There is currently no forecast that can be used to predict S. lineatus population densities between growing seasons (when management decisions are made). Sitona lineatus populations are monitored in spring by assessing adult-induced feeding damage. We assume the quantity of feeding damage is indicative of population density. However, the effects of abiotic factors, including temperature, on feeding rate are not known. We assessed the effects of temperature, population density, and sex on S. lineatus feeding rate by counting feeding notches on host plants exposed to adult weevils for 24 hours at four densities and under five temperature regimes. Individual females consumed more than male weevils. As expected, feeding damage increased with weevil density. The influence of temperature increased as weevil densities increased. Feeding rate did not differ between constant and fluctuating temperature regimes of equal mean daily temperature. Thus, a model based on mean daily temperature may predict weevil density if temperature and damage levels are known. Historical survey data for S. lineatus could be used to develop and validate new models.


Author(s):  
P. R. Swann ◽  
W. R. Duff ◽  
R. M. Fisher

Recently we have investigated the phase equilibria and antiphase domain structures of Fe-Al alloys containing from 18 to 50 at.% Al by transmission electron microscopy and Mössbauer techniques. This study has revealed that none of the published phase diagrams are correct, although the one proposed by Rimlinger agrees most closely with our results to be published separately. In this paper observations by transmission electron microscopy relating to the nucleation of disorder in Fe-24% Al will be described. Figure 1 shows the structure after heating this alloy to 776.6°C and quenching. The white areas are B2 micro-domains corresponding to regions of disorder which form at the annealing temperature and re-order during the quench. By examining specimens heated in a temperature gradient of 2°C/cm it is possible to determine the effect of temperature on the disordering reaction very precisely. It was found that disorder begins at existing antiphase domain boundaries but that at a slightly higher temperature (1°C) it also occurs by homogeneous nucleation within the domains. A small (∼ .01°C) further increase in temperature caused these micro-domains to completely fill the specimen.


Author(s):  
T. Geipel ◽  
W. Mader ◽  
P. Pirouz

Temperature affects both elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons in a crystal. The Debye-Waller factor, B, describes the influence of temperature on the elastic scattering of electrons, whereas the imaginary part of the (complex) atomic form factor, fc = fr + ifi, describes the influence of temperature on the inelastic scattering of electrons (i.e. absorption). In HRTEM simulations, two possible ways to include absorption are: (i) an approximate method in which absorption is described by a phenomenological constant, μ, i.e. fi; - μfr, with the real part of the atomic form factor, fr, obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations, (ii) a more accurate method in which the absorptive components, fi of the atomic form factor are explicitly calculated. In this contribution, the inclusion of both the Debye-Waller factor and absorption on HRTEM images of a (Oll)-oriented GaAs crystal are presented (using the EMS software.Fig. 1 shows the the amplitudes and phases of the dominant 111 beams as a function of the specimen thickness, t, for the cases when μ = 0 (i.e. no absorption, solid line) and μ = 0.1 (with absorption, dashed line).


1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Delvallee ◽  
Annie Paffen ◽  
Geert-Jan De Klerk

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
C. A Praga ◽  
E. M Pogliani

SummaryTemperature represents a very important variable in ADP-induced platelet aggregation.When low doses of ADP ( < 1 (μM) are used to induce platelet aggregation, the length of the incubation period of PRP in the cuvette holder of the aggregometer, thermostatted at 37° C, is very critical. Samples of the same PRP previously kept at room temperature, were incubated for increasing periods of time in the cuvette of the aggregometer before adding ADP, and a significant decrease of aggregation, proportional to the length of incubation, was observed. Stirring of the PRP during the incubation period made these changes more evident.To measure the exact temperature of the PRP during incubation in the aggre- gometer, a thermocouple device was used. While the temperature of the cuvette holder was stable at 37° C, the PRP temperature itself increased exponentially, taking about ten minutes from the beginning of the incubation to reach the value of 37° C. The above results have a practical significance in the reproducibility of the platelet aggregation test in vitro and acquire particular value when the effect of inhibitors of ADP induced platelet aggregation is studied.Experiments carried out with three anti-aggregating agents (acetyl salicyclic acid, dipyridamole and metergoline) have shown that the incubation conditions which influence both the effect of the drugs on platelets and the ADP breakdown in plasma must be strictly controlled.


1967 ◽  
Vol 17 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Dintenfass ◽  
M. C Rozenberg

SummaryA study of blood coagulation was carried out by observing changes in the blood viscosity of blood coagulating in the cone-in-cone viscometer. The clots were investigated by microscopic techniques.Immediately after blood is obtained by venepuncture, viscosity of blood remains constant for a certain “latent” period. The duration of this period depends not only on the intrinsic properties of the blood sample, but also on temperature and rate of shear used during blood storage. An increase of temperature decreases the clotting time ; also, an increase in the rate of shear decreases the clotting time.It is confirmed that morphological changes take place in blood coagula as a function of the velocity gradient at which such coagulation takes place. There is a progressive change from the red clot to white thrombus as the rates of shear increase. Aggregation of platelets increases as the rate of shear increases.This pattern is maintained with changes of temperature, although aggregation of platelets appears to be increased at elevated temperatures.Intravenously added heparin affects the clotting time and the aggregation of platelets in in vitro coagulation.


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