Oviposition and Egg Dispersion of the Apple Aphid with Observations on Related Mortality Factors

1964 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Westigard ◽  
H. F. Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Egg Dispersion ◽  
Related Mortality

scholarly journals The impact of power line-related mortality on the Cape Vulture Gyps coprotheres in a part of its range, with an emphasis on electrocution

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ F. BOSHOFF ◽  
JOHAN C. MINNIE ◽  
CRAIG J. TAMBLING ◽  
MICHAEL D. MICHAEL
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
National Database ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Annual Mortality ◽  
Related Mortality

SummaryThe global population of the Cape Vulture Gyps coprotheres, a threatened southern African endemic, is known to be impacted by electrocutions and collisions on power line infrastructure, but to date this impact has not been estimated or quantified. Using data in a national database from the period prior to our study, conducted in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, we estimated a mean annual mortality rate from power line-related mortality of around 14 vultures per year. After applying an adjusted rate based on the results of a landowner survey, this estimate increased to around 80 vultures per year (i.e. a 5.7 fold increase). For a number of reasons, the estimated mean annual mortality rate is considered to under-represent the true situation, and must therefore be considered a minimum value. A simple model was constructed and run to investigate the potential impact of the mortality rate from electrocution on the study population. It distinguishes between vulture subpopulations in areas of high and low electrocution threat, and a migratory subpopulation that moves between these two areas. The model, simulated over 50 years and applying a constant theoretical maximum annual growth rate of 2%, indicates positive growth of the population in those areas where the electrocution threat from power lines is low, whereas the population in those areas where this threat is high is predicted to crash to extinction, from electrocution mortality alone, within a 20–35 year period. The regional population is predicted to show positive growth over the 50 year period. However, for a number of reasons that relate to the nature of certain parameters used in the model, the simulations must be considered to be conservative, at best. In addition, other unnatural mortality factors (notably inadvertent poisoning, drowning in high-walled farm reservoirs, harvesting for the traditional medicine trade, local food shortage), which are additive to power line-related mortality have not been taken into account. Management recommendations aimed at obtaining an improved estimate of the mean annual mortality rate from power lines, and at ameliorating the impact of electrocutions on the regional Cape Vulture population, are briefly mentioned. These address the former by documenting ways to improve the quantity and quality of the field data, and the latter by identifying areas where urgnt action needs to be taken to reduce or avoid the electrocution of vultures, by mitigating extant ‘unsafe’ power line infrastructure, and by ensuring that that only ‘safe’ infrastructure is used for new power lines.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor – why it is worth to use filgrastim?

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-288
Author(s):  
Natalia Ścirka ◽  
Tomasz Kubiatowski
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Stimulating Factor ◽  
Treatment Related Mortality ◽  
Related Mortality

Neutropenia fever is one of the most common side effect of chemotherapy and might lead to severe complications and death. The use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors in primary and secondary prevention of neutropenia fever leads to reduction in hospitalization time and significantly affects the decrease in treatment-related mortality. Factors stimulating granulocyte colonies prevent the need to reduce the dose of the cytostatics and to extend the intervals between the treatment cycles, which increases the effectiveness of therapy.

scholarly journals Acute Bacterial Meningitis as a Complication of Otitis Media and Related Mortality Factors

2002 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Faruk Geyik ◽  
Omer Faruk Kokoglu ◽  
Salih Hosoglu ◽  
Celal Ayaz
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Related Mortality

Abstract W MP69: CHADS2 Score Predicts Stroke Related In-hospital Mortality In Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: An Analysis Of The California State Inpatient Database

Stroke ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Yaghi ◽  
Markeith Pilot ◽  
Dean Sherzai ◽  
Ayesha Sherzai
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Chads2 Score ◽  
Inpatient Database ◽  
Related Mortality

Background: The CHADS2 score predicts stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. Although strokes caused by atrial fibrillation carry the highest mortality when compared to other etiologies, it is unclear whether the CHADS2 score has an impact on stroke related mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation. We hypothesize that higher CHADS2 scores are associated with higher stroke related in-hospital mortality. Methods: Data were obtained from the California State Inpatient Database between 2008 and 2011, using appropriate ICD-9 codes. Frequencies and descriptive analysis adjusting for influence of comorbidities and confounders were utilized. Age and ICD-9 codes for hypertension, diabetes, congestive heart failure, and prior stroke were used to calculate the CHADS2 score of patients with atrial fibrillation. A multivariate Cox regression model adjusted for age, gender and race was used to further explore the relationship. The primary outcome was in-hospital stroke mortality. We hypothesized that higher CHADS2 scores increase the risk of stroke related mortality. Results: Between 2008-2011, 18,089 patients with atrial fibrillation had stroke as one of the admitting diagnoses; 70% were Caucasians, 5% African Americans, 15% Hispanic, and 10% Asian; 57% were females and 66% of patients were ≥ 75 years. The in-hospital mortality rates of the CHADS2 score were as follows: 0 (18.7%), 1 (18.6%), 2 (21.3%), 3 (26.3%), 4 (23.8%), 5 (22.8%), and 6 (22.2%). After adjusting for baseline demographics, the odds of in-hospital mortality was significantly higher with a CHADS2 score ≥ 2 vs. < 2 (OR 1.15 95% CI 1.08-1.23). Among the individual CHADS2 score items, predictors of increased in-hospital mortality were congestive heart failure (OR 1.61 95% 1.53-1.70), age ≥ 75 years (OR 1.27 95% 1.19-1.35), and diabetes (OR 1.24 95% CI 1.14-1.35). Conclusion: CHADS2 ≥ 2 not only increases the risk of stroke but is a predictor of stroke related mortality. Factors driving this association appear to be age, congestive heart failure, and diabetes. This may be useful when deciding on anticoagulation use for stroke prevention especially in patients with elevated bleeding risk.

scholarly journals Estimates of alcohol-related mortality in Serbia (2016-2018)

Stanovnistvo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-111
Author(s):  
Ivan Marinkovic
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mortality Factor ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Lower Likelihood ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Mortality

The impact of alcohol on mortality is not negligible, not globally and especially not in Europe. Alcohol as a mortality factor in Serbia has not yet been specifically analysed, chiefly due to a lack of data. The cultural pattern and results from surrounding countries - as well as research on the extent of alcohol consumption in Serbia - all suggest that alcohol-related mortality represents a significant share of total mortality, especially when it comes to men. The results of the study on alcohol abuse or excessive consumption in this paper do not confirm that this mortality factor places a significant burden on the population. This paper provides estimates of alcohol-related mortality using guidelines from the World Health Organization. Analysis of the direct impact and estimates of the indirect impact of alcohol on mortality in Serbia (2016-2018) show that the average number of deaths is about 2,500 annually. The number of alcohol-related deaths is highest in the later years of life, while the proportion of alcohol-related deaths is highest in early adulthood. Men are more likely to consume alcohol, so their mortality is higher as a consequence. Men die from alcohol-related causes at a rate almost four times higher than that of women, and they have more deaths caused by alcohol than women across all age groups. The overall alcohol-related mortality rate for men is 56.6 per 100,000, while for women it is significantly lower at 14.2 per 100,000. The most common cause of alcohol-related mortality is in the form of digestive system diseases (about 26% of all alcohol-related deaths in Serbia), followed by tumours and violence (24% and 23% respectively). From region to region (NUTS 2), significant differences in alcohol-related mortality can be noted. Every third death due to alcohol occurs in Vojvodina, which leads the way for both sexes. There, values for men are as much as 60% higher than those in the Sumadija and Western Serbia regions, while those values are about 30% higher for women. Standardised alcohol-related death rates are highest in the north of Vojvodina, in the districts of North Backa and North Banat (NUTS 3). Moravicki, Sumadija, and Pirot districts have values that are about 30% lower than average for Serbia. Excessive alcohol consumption is one of the preventable mortality factors that can be addressed with appropriate prevention measures. Some good reasons to avoid alcohol abuse include longer lifespan, lower likelihood of depression, significantly lower likelihood of committing suicide, and lower likelihood of dying from liver disease. Those who drink less are also less likely to be involved in a car accident or have to deal with the police. When consumed in excess, alcohol disrupts family relationships, leads to obesity, damages the brain, and causes sexual dysfunction.

Evaluation of R-CHOP and R-CVP in the treatment of elderly patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma

MedPharmRes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Truc Phan ◽  
Tram Huynh ◽  
Tuan Q. Tran ◽  
Dung Co ◽  
Khoi M. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Common Sign ◽  
Related Mortality

Introduction: Little information is available on the outcomes of R-CHOP (rituximab with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) and R-CVP (rituximab with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone) in treatment of the elderly patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), especially in Vietnam. Material and methods: All patients were newly diagnosed with CD20-positive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) at Blood Transfusion and Hematology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh city (BTH) between 01/2013 and 01/2018 who were age 60 years or older at diagnosis. A retrospective analysis of these patients was perfomed. Results: Twenty-one Vietnamese patients (6 males and 15 females) were identified and the median age was 68.9 (range 60-80). Most of patients have comorbidities and intermediate-risk. The most common sign was lymphadenopathy (over 95%). The proportion of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was highest (71%). The percentage of patients reaching complete response (CR) after six cycle of chemotherapy was 76.2%. The median follow-up was 26 months, event-free survival (EFS) was 60% and overall survival (OS) was 75%. Adverse effects of rituximab were unremarkable, treatment-related mortality accounted for less than 10%. There was no difference in drug toxicity between two regimens. Conclusions: R-CHOP, R-CVP yielded a good result and acceptable toxicity in treatment of elderly patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In patients with known cardiac history, omission of anthracyclines is reasonable and R-CVP provides a competitive complete response rate.

Gastrointestinal Ischemia Related Mortality in Patients Undergoing Off- or On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. E79-E84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Emmiler ◽  
Afsin Yaveri ◽  
Cevdet Uğur Koçoğullari ◽  
Yüksel Ela ◽  
Dursun Ali Şahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Gastrointestinal Ischemia ◽  
Related Mortality
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