A new subset of deutan colour vision defect associated with an L/M visual pigment gene array of normal order and −71C substitution in the Japanese population

2015 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Hisao Ueyama ◽  
Sanae Muraki ◽  
Shoko Tanabe ◽  
Shinichi Yamade ◽  
Hisakazu Ogita
Keyword(s):  
Visual Pigment ◽  
Japanese Population ◽  
Colour Vision ◽  
Gene Array ◽  
Normal Order ◽  
Vision Defect

Novel mutations in the L visual pigment gene found in Japanese men with protan color-vision defect having a normal order L/M gene array

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-472
Author(s):  
Sanae Muraki ◽  
Hisao Ueyama ◽  
Shoko Tanabe ◽  
Shinichi Yamade ◽  
Hisakazu Ogita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Visual Pigment ◽  
Gene Array ◽  
M Gene ◽  
Normal Order ◽  
Novel Mutations ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Color Vision Defect ◽  
Vision Defect

Position of a 'green-red' hybrid gene in the visual pigment array determines colour-vision phenotype

10.1038/8798 ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaaki Hayashi ◽  
Arno G. Motulsky ◽  
Samir S. Deeb
Keyword(s):  
Visual Pigment ◽  
Colour Vision ◽  
Hybrid Gene

scholarly journals Variety of genotypes in males diagnosed as dichromatic on a conventional clinical anomaloscope

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAUREEN NEITZ ◽  
JOSEPH CARROLL ◽  
AGNES RENNER ◽  
HOLGER KNAU ◽  
JOHN S. WERNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Gene Array ◽  
Spectral Difference ◽  
Vision Defect ◽  
Spectral Peaks ◽  
Pigment Type ◽  
Pigment Genes ◽  
Two Populations

The hypothesis that dichromatic behavior on a clinical anomaloscope can be explained by the complement and arrangement of the long- (L) and middle-wavelength (M) pigment genes was tested. It was predicted that dichromacy is associated with an X-chromosome pigment gene array capable of producing only a single functional pigment type. The simplest case of this is when deletion has left only a single X-chromosome pigment gene. The production of a single L or M pigment type can also result from rearrangements in which multiple genes remain. Often, only the two genes at the 5′ end of the array are expressed; thus, dichromacy is also predicted to occur if one of these is defective or encodes a defective pigment, or if both of them encode pigments with identical spectral sensitivities. Subjects were 128 males who accepted the full range of admixtures of the two primary lights as matching the comparison light on a Neitz or Nagel anomaloscope. Strikingly, examination of the L and M pigment genes revealed a potential cause for a color-vision defect in all 128 dichromats. This indicates that the major component of color-vision deficiency could be attributed to alterations of the pigment genes or their regulatory regions in all cases, and the variety of gene arrangements associated with dichromacy is cataloged here. However, a fraction of the dichromats (17 out of 128; 13%) had genes predicted to encode pigments that would result in two populations of cones with different spectral sensitivities. Nine of the 17 were predicted to have two pigments with slightly different spectral peaks (usually ≤ 2.5 nm) and eight had genes which specified pigments identical in peak absorption, but different in amino acid positions previously associated with optical density differences. In other subjects, reported previously, the same small spectral differences were associated with anomalous trichromacy rather than dichromacy. It appears that when the spectral difference specified by the genes is very small, the amount of residual red–green color vision measured varies; some individuals test as dichromats, others test as anomalous trichromats. The discrepancy is probably partly attributable to testing method differences and partly to a difference in performance not perception, but it seems there must also be cases in which other factors, for example, cone ratio, contribute to a person's ability to extract a color signal from a small spectral difference.

Defective colour vision associated with a missense mutation in the human green visual pigment gene

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris Winderickx ◽  
Elizabeth Sanocki ◽  
Delwin T. Lindsey ◽  
Davida Y. Teller ◽  
Arno G. Motulsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Missense Mutation ◽  
Visual Pigment ◽  
Colour Vision

Red/green colour defect among the Roman Catholic and non-denominational population

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Schools ◽  
Colour Vision ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
The West ◽  
Green Colour ◽  
Vision Defect ◽  
Roman Catholics

SummaryPupils in schools in the Glasgow area show incidences of colour vision defect higher in the Roman Catholic schools than in the non-denominational. This may be due to the Celtic origins of Roman Catholics in the West of Scotland.

scholarly journals The spectral sensitivity of Drosophila photoreceptors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla R. Sharkey ◽  
Jorge Blanco ◽  
Maya M. Leibowitz ◽  
Daniel Pinto-Benito ◽  
Trevor J. Wardill
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Spectral Range ◽  
Visual Pigment ◽  
Colour Vision ◽  
Neural Processing ◽  
Cross Modulation ◽  
Screening Pigment ◽  
Peak Sensitivity

AbstractDrosophila melanogaster has long been a popular model insect species, due in large part to the availability of genetic tools and is fast becoming the model for insect colour vision. Key to understanding colour reception in Drosophila is in-depth knowledge of spectral inputs and downstream neural processing. While recent studies have sparked renewed interest in colour processing in Drosophila, photoreceptor spectral sensitivity measurements have yet to be carried out in vivo. We have fully characterised the spectral input to the motion and colour vision pathways, and directly measured the effects of spectral modulating factors, screening pigment density and carotenoid-based ocular pigments. All receptor sensitivities had significant shifts in spectral sensitivity compared to previous measurements. Notably, the spectral range of the Rh6 visual pigment is substantially broadened and its peak sensitivity is shifted by 92 nm from 508 to 600 nm. We propose that this deviation can be explained by transmission of long wavelengths through the red screening pigment and by the presence of the blue-absorbing filter in the R7y receptors. Further, we tested direct interactions between photoreceptors and found evidence of interactions between inner and outer receptors, in agreement with previous findings of cross-modulation between receptor outputs in the lamina.

Colour vision defect among secondary school students in enugu, Nigeria: prevalence, pattern and impact

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Gloria C Eze ◽  
Nkiru Kizor -Akaraiwe ◽  
Amalachukwu A Chime ◽  
Cosmas C Anajekwu ◽  
Ifeoma N Asimadu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Colour Vision ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vision Defect ◽  
School Tasks

Aim: To determine the prevalence, pattern and impact of colour vision defects among public secondary school students in Enugu, Nigeria with a view to guiding the affected students on appropriate career choice. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among students attending public secondary schools in Enugu-East Local Government Area, Enugu state. A total of 950 students (361 males, 589 females) were selected by multistage sampling. The students were assessed for colour vision using Ishihara 38 plate edition and Farnsworth D-15 colour caps. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to obtain the socio-demographic data and impact of colour vision on colour-related school tasks and activities of daily living. Data was analysed using statistical package foe social sciences, version 20. Result: The age of the students ranged from 10-20 years with mean age of 14.2 ± 1.9 years. Eleven (1.2%) students were found to have colour vision defect out of whom 9 were boys and 2 were girls, 6 (54.5%) were deutan and 5 (45.5%) were protan. No tritan defect was detected. Greater percentages of the students with colour vision defect had difficulties with colour-related school tasks and daily activities when compared to those with normal colour vision. Conclusion: Colour vision defect may affect students’ performance in colour-related school tasks and activities of daily living. Therefore, early detection of colour vision defect is important so as to guide in the choice of future career

scholarly journals Evolution of ultraviolet vision in shorebirds (Charadriiformes)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Ödeen ◽  
Olle Håstad ◽  
Per Alström
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Visual Pigment ◽  
Colour Vision ◽  
Gene Tree ◽  
Amino Acid Position ◽  
Opsin Gene ◽  
Avian Evolution ◽  
Ultraviolet Vision ◽  
Rynchops Niger ◽  
Sws1 Opsin Gene

Diurnal birds belong to one of two classes of colour vision. These are distinguished by the maximum absorbance wavelengths of the SWS1 visual pigment sensitive to violet (VS) and ultraviolet (UVS). Shifts between the classes have been rare events during avian evolution. Gulls (Laridae) are the only shorebirds (Charadriiformes) previously reported to have the UVS type of opsin, but too few species have been sampled to infer that gulls are unique among shorebirds or that Laridae is monomorphic for this trait. We have sequenced the SWS1 opsin gene in a broader sample of species. We confirm that cysteine in the key amino acid position 90, characteristic of the UVS class, has been conserved throughout gull evolution but also that the terns Anous minutus, A. tenuirostris and Gygis alba , and the skimmer Rynchops niger carry this trait. Terns, excluding Anous and Gygis , share the VS conferring serine in position 90 with other shorebirds but it is translated from a codon more similar to that found in UVS shorebirds. The most parsimonious interpretation of these findings, based on a molecular gene tree, is a single VS to UVS shift and a subsequent reversal in one lineage.

A Pedigree for Three Types of Colour-Vision Defect

Nature ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 172 (4387) ◽  
pp. 1010-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. PICKFORD
Keyword(s):  
Colour Vision ◽  
Vision Defect
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document