scholarly journals High prevalence of the arginine catabolic mobile element in carriage isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis

2010 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Barbier ◽  
David Lebeaux ◽  
David Hernandez ◽  
Anne-Sophie Delannoy ◽  
Valérie Caro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals Characterization of a Novel Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element (ACME) and Staphylococcal Chromosomal CassettemecComposite Island with Significant Homology to Staphylococcus epidermidis ACME Type II in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Genotype ST22-MRSA-IV

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 1896-1905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C. Shore ◽  
Angela S. Rossney ◽  
Orla M. Brennan ◽  
Peter M. Kinnevey ◽  
Hilary Humphreys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element

ABSTRACTThe arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) is prevalent among methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) isolates of sequence type 8 (ST8) and staphylococcal chromosomal cassettemec(SCCmec) type IVa (USA300) (ST8-MRSA-IVa isolates), and evidence suggests that ACME enhances the ability of ST8-MRSA-IVa to grow and survive on its host. ACME has been identified in a small number of isolates belonging to other MRSA clones but is widespread among coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). This study reports the first description of ACME in two distinct strains of the pandemic ST22-MRSA-IV clone. A total of 238 MRSA isolates recovered in Ireland between 1971 and 2008 were investigated for ACME using a DNA microarray. Twenty-three isolates (9.7%) were ACME positive, and all were either MRSA genotype ST8-MRSA-IVa (7/23, 30%) or MRSA genotype ST22-MRSA-IV (16/23, 70%). Whole-genome sequencing and comprehensive molecular characterization revealed the presence of a novel 46-kb ACME and staphylococcal chromosomal cassettemec(SCCmec) composite island (ACME/SCCmec-CI) in ST22-MRSA-IVh isolates (n= 15). This ACME/SCCmec-CI consists of a 12-kb DNA region previously identified in ACME type II inS. epidermidisATCC 12228, a truncated copy of the J1 region of SCCmectype I, and a complete SCCmectype IVh element. The composite island has a novel genetic organization, with ACME located withinorfXand SCCmeclocated downstream of ACME. One PVL locus-positive ST22-MRSA-IVa isolate carried ACME located downstream of SCCmectype IVa, as previously described in ST8-MRSA-IVa. These results suggest that ACME has been acquired by ST22-MRSA-IV on two independent occasions. At least one of these instances may have involved horizontal transfer and recombination events between MRSA and CoNS. The presence of ACME may enhance dissemination of ST22-MRSA-IV, an already successful MRSA clone.

scholarly journals Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element Is Associated With Low Antibiotic Resistance and Low Pathogenicity in Staphylococcus epidermidis From Neonates

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hildegunn N Granslo ◽  
Claus Klingenberg ◽  
Elizabeth G A Fredheim ◽  
Arild Rønnestad ◽  
Tom E Mollnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element

scholarly journals Distribution of the ACME-arcA gene among meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus and identification of a novel ccr allotype in ACME-arcA-positive isolates

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 731-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borui Pi ◽  
Meihong Yu ◽  
Yagang Chen ◽  
Yunsong Yu ◽  
Lanjuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
Clonal Diversity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element ◽  
Staphylococcus Haemolyticus ◽  
Clonal Relatedness ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Arca Gene

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of ACME (arginine catabolic mobile element)-arcA-positive isolates among meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus (MRSH). ACME-arcA, native arcA and SCCmec elements were detected by PCR. Susceptibilities to 10 antimicrobial agents were compared between ACME-arcA-positive and -negative isolates by chi-square test. PFGE was used to investigate the clonal relatedness of ACME-arcA-positive isolates. The phylogenetic relationships of ACME-arcA and native arcA were analysed using the neighbour-joining methods of mega software. A total of 42 (47.7 %) of 88 isolates distributed in 13 PFGE types were positive for the ACME-arcA gene. There were no significant differences in antimicrobial susceptibility between ACME-arcA-positive and -negative isolates. A novel ccr allotype (ccrAB SHP) was identified in ACME-arcA-positive isolates. Among 42 ACME-arcA-positive isolates: 8 isolates harboured SCCmec V, 8 isolates harboured class C1 mec complex and ccrAB SHP; 22 isolates harbouring class C1 mec complex and 4 isolates harbouring class C2 mec complex were negative for all known ccr allotypes. The ACME-arcA-positive isolates were first found in MRSH with high prevalence and clonal diversity, which suggests a mobility of ACME within MRSH. The results from this study revealed that MRSH is likely to be one of the potential reservoirs of ACME for Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals Functional Modularity of the Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element Contributes to the Success of USA300 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lance R. Thurlow ◽  
Gauri S. Joshi ◽  
Justin R. Clark ◽  
Jeffrey S. Spontak ◽  
Crystal J. Neely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element

scholarly journals Emergence of the Epidemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strain USA300 Coincides with Horizontal Transfer of the Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element and speG-mediated Adaptations for Survival on Skin

mBio ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Planet ◽  
Samuel J. LaRussa ◽  
Ali Dana ◽  
Hannah Smith ◽  
Amy Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element ◽  
Evolutionary Success

ABSTRACTThe arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) is the largest genomic region distinguishing epidemic USA300 strains of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) from otherS. aureusstrains. However, the functional relevance of ACME to infection and disease has remained unclear. Using phylogenetic analysis, we have shown that the modular segments of ACME were assembled into a single genetic locus inStaphylococcus epidermidisand then horizontally transferred to the common ancestor of USA300 strains in an extremely recent event. Acquisition of one ACME gene,speG, allowed USA300 strains to withstand levels of polyamines (e.g., spermidine) produced in skin that are toxic to other closely relatedS. aureusstrains.speG-mediated polyamine tolerance also enhanced biofilm formation, adherence to fibrinogen/fibronectin, and resistance to antibiotic and keratinocyte-mediated killing. We suggest that these properties gave USA300 a major selective advantage during skin infection and colonization, contributing to the extraordinary evolutionary success of this clone.IMPORTANCEOver the past 15 years, methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) has become a major public health problem. It is likely that adaptations in specific MRSA lineages (e.g., USA300) drove the spread of MRSA across the United States and allowed it to replace other, less-virulentS. aureusstrains. We suggest that one major factor in the evolutionary success of MRSA may have been the acquisition of a gene (speG) that allowsS. aureusto evade the toxicity of polyamines (e.g., spermidine and spermine) that are produced in human skin. Polyamine tolerance likely gave MRSA multiple fitness advantages, including the formation of more-robust biofilms, increased adherence to host tissues, and resistance to antibiotics and killing by human skin cells.

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