scholarly journals Wide geographic spread of diverse acquired AmpC  -lactamases among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. in the UK and Ireland

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Woodford ◽  
S. Reddy ◽  
E. J. Fagan ◽  
R. L. R. Hill ◽  
K. L. Hopkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Geographic Spread ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

The Influence of Glycosylation on the Catalytic and Fibrinolytic Properties of Pro-Urokinase

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (05) ◽  
pp. 539-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Lenich ◽  
Ralph Pannell ◽  
Jack Henkin ◽  
Victor Gurewich
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Mammalian Cell ◽  
Human Gene ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Mammalian Cell Culture ◽  
Glycosylation Site ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Cell Culture Media ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Uk

SummaryWe previously found that human pro-UK expressed in Escherichia coli is more active in fibrinolysis than recombinant human pro-UK obtained from mammalian cell culture media. To determine whether this difference is related to the lack of glycosylation of the E. coli product, we compared the activity of E. coli-derived pro-UK [(-)pro-UK] with that of a glycosylated pro-UK [(+)pro-UK] and of a mutant of pro-UK missing the glycosylation site at Asn-302 [(-) (302) pro-UK]. The latter two pro-UKs were obtained by expression of the human gene in a mammalian cell. The nonglycosylated pro-UKs were activated by plasmin more efficiently (≈2-fold) and were more active in clot lysis (1.5-fold) than the (+)pro-UK. Similarly, the nonglycosylated two-chain derivatives (UKs) were more active against plasminogen and were more rapidly inactivated by plasma inhibitors than the (+)UK.These findings indicate that glycosylation at Asn-302 influences the activity of pro-UK/UK and could be the major factor responsible for the enhanced activity of E. coli-derived pro-UK.

scholarly journals Pyelonephritis in Pediatric Uropathic Patients: Differences from Community-Acquired Ones and Therapeutic Protocol Considerations. A 10-Year Single-Center Retrospective Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Giovanni Parente ◽  
Tommaso Gargano ◽  
Stefania Pavia ◽  
Chiara Cordola ◽  
Marzia Vastano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Pyelonephritis (PN) represents an important cause of morbidity in the pediatric population, especially in uropathic patients. The aim of the study is to demonstrate differences between PNs of uropathic patients and PNs acquired in community in terms of uropathogens involved and antibiotic sensitivity; moreover, to identify a proper empiric therapeutic strategy. A retrospective study was conducted on antibiograms on urine cultures from PNs in vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) patients admitted to pediatric surgery department and from PNs in not VUR patients admitted to Pediatric Emergency Unit between 2010 and 2020. We recorded 58 PNs in 33 patients affected by VUR and 112 PNs in the not VUR group. The mean age of not VUR patients at the PN episode was 1.3 ± 2.6 years (range: 20 days of life–3 years), and almost all the urine cultures, 111 (99.1%), isolated Gram-negative bacteria and rarely, 1 (0.9%), Gram-positive bacteria. The Gram-negative uropathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (97%), Proteus mirabilis (2%), and Klebsiella spp. (1%). The only Gram-positive bacteria isolated was an Enterococcus faecalis. As regards the antibiograms, 96% of not VUR PNs responded to beta-lactams, 99% to aminoglycosides, and 80% to sulfonamides. For the VUR group, mean age was 3.0 years ± 3.0 years (range: 9 days of life–11 years) and mean number of episodes per patient was 2.0 ± 1.0 (range: 1–5); 83% of PNs were by Gram-negatives bacteria vs. 17% by Gram-positive: the most important Gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (44%), Escherichia coli (27%), and Klebsiella spp. (12%), while Enterococcus spp. determined 90% of Gram-positive UTIs. Regimen ampicillin/ceftazidime (success rate: 72.0%) was compared to ampicillin/amikacin (success rate of 83.0%): no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.09). The pathogens of PNs in uropathic patients are different from those of community-acquired PNs, and clinicians should be aware of their peculiar antibiotic susceptibility. An empiric therapy based on the association ampicillin + ceftazidime is therefore suggested.

scholarly journals Characterization of the 6'-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase gene aac(6')-Im [corrected] associated with a sulI-type integron.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Hannecart-Pokorni ◽  
F Depuydt ◽  
L de wit ◽  
E van Bossuyt ◽  
J Content ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Insert Region ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

The amikacin resistance gene aac(6')-Im [corrected] from Citrobacter freundii Cf155 encoding an aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase was characterized. The gene was identified as a coding sequence of 521 bp located down-stream from the 5' conserved segment of an integron. The sequence of this aac(6')-Im [corrected] gene corresponded to a protein of 173 amino acids which possessed 64.2% identity in a 165-amino-acid overlap with the aac(6')-Ia gene product (F.C. Tenover, D. Filpula, K.L. Phillips, and J. J. Plorde, J. Bacteriol. 170:471-473, 1988). By using PCR, the aac(6')-Im [corrected] gene could be detected in 8 of 86 gram-negative clinical isolates from two Belgian hospitals, including isolates of Citrobacter, Klebsiella spp., and Escherichia coli. PCR mapping of the aac(6')-Im [corrected] gene environment in these isolates indicated that the gene was located within a sulI-type integron; the insert region is 1,700 bases long and includes two genes cassettes, the second being ant (3")-Ib.

scholarly journals Perfil dos microrganismos isolados no trato urinário após sondagem vesical em cirurgia ginecológica

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Sônia Cristina Hinrichsen ◽  
Melania Maria Ramos Amorim ◽  
Alex Sandro Rolland Souza ◽  
Aurélio Costa ◽  
Maria Gabriela M.L. Hinrichsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
De Medicina

OBJETIVOS: determinar os microrganismosfreqüentemente encontrados nas uroculturas apóssondagem vesical e o perfil de sensibilidade aos antibióticos em mulheres submetidas a cirurgia ginecológica eletiva. MÉTODOS: estudo de corte transversal em mulheres submetidas a cirurgia ginecológica com sondagem vesical, no Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), em Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, de janeiro a maio de 2007. As uroculturas foram coletadas em dois períodos: até 24h da retirada do cateter e após sete/10 dias. RESULTADOS: amostras de urina foram colhidas em 249 mulheres. Encontrouse 23,6% (n=46) de uroculturas positivas com até 24h da retirada da sonda e 11,1% (n=25) com sete/10 dias após sondagem vesical. Não foi observada diferença significativa em relação aos microrganismos, quando se compararamas duas uroculturas. A Klebsiella spp. foi o principal microrganismo em ambas uroculturas (até 24h=47,8% vs sete/10 dias=44,0%; p=0,76), seguido de Escherichia coli e outros Gram-negativos. Os antibióticos amicacina, cefepima, ciprofloxacina, meropenem e ticarcilina-clavulanato foram os que apresentaram sensibilidade igual ou superior a 75%para os principais microrganismos isolados. CONCLUSÕES: Klebsiella spp. foi o microrganismo mais encontrado nas uroculturas após sondagem vesical em cirurgias ginecológicas e o antibiótico com sensibilidade igual ou maior a 95% com via de administração oral foi a ciprofloxacina.

scholarly journals Avaliação da Atividade Antibacteriana do Óleo Essencial das Sementes de Passiflora edulis Sims Frente às Bactérias Gram Positivas e Gram Negativas

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (43) ◽  
pp. 1003-1017
Author(s):  
Sandy Rocha Silva ◽  
Flávio Mendes de Souza ◽  
Marcelo José Costa Lima Espinheira
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Passiflora Edulis Sims ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

O maracujazeiro é uma planta da família Passifloraceae, esta tem destaque na flora brasileira devido ao seu uso extensivo em fitoterapia, originário da América Tropical, onde se destaca o gênero Passiflora. A Passiflora edulis é uma espécie que possui alto rendimento comercial, com alto teor de compostos fitoquímicos sendo eles: fenólicos, glicosídios e alcalóides. O desenvolvimento de novos fármacos a partir de plantas é uma alternativa interessante para superar a resistência microbiana. Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar a presença de ação antimicrobiana do extrato bruto das sementes de Passiflora edulis Sims frente aos microrganismos Klebsiella spp ATCCBAA-1706, Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC19615 e Escherichia coli ATCC29214. A concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) foi determinada pelo método de diluição em caldo. Os resultados revelaram que o óleo essencial das sementes de Passiflora edulis Sims possui atividade antibacteriana contra a bactéria Streptococcus pyogenes, tendo formação de halo de inibição (16 mm) ao redor de onde foi depositado quando comparado aos outros microorganismos. Esta ação antimicrobiana pode estar relacionada ao elevado teor de compostos fenólicos totais presentes no óleo essencial de sementes de maracujá. 

scholarly journals 2049. Trends in Antibiotic Use and Antibiotic Resistance among Veterans Affairs Community Living Centers from 2011 to 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S690-S691
Author(s):  
Haley Appaneal ◽  
Aisling Caffrey ◽  
Stephanie Hughes ◽  
Vrishali Lopes ◽  
Robin L Jump ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Overuse ◽  
Community Living Centers ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Abstract Background Antibiotic resistance is a global public health crisis, with antibiotic overuse contributing to selection pressure, and thus driving antibiotic resistance. Strategies to reduce antibiotic overuse may slow the development of resistance, but large-scale studies assessing trends in antibiotic use and resistance among nursing homes at the national level are limited. We describe trends in antibiotic use and resistance nationally among Veterans Affairs (VA) Community Living Centers (CLCs). Methods We assessed antibiotic use and microbiological cultures among VA CLC residents from 2011 to 2017. Antibiotics were grouped into eight drug classes and annual days of antibiotic therapy per 1,000 bed-days were calculated. Facility-weighted annual antibiotic resistance rates were calculated. Joinpoint Software was used for regression analyses of trends over time and to estimate annual average percent changes (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Over 7 years and among 146 CLCs, several significant trends in decreasing antibiotic use and corresponding reductions in resistance were identified. Fluoroquinolone use decreased by 9.9% annually (95% CI −11.6 to −8.2%) and fluoroquinolone resistance decreased by 2.3% per year for Escherichia coli, 5.1% for Klebsiella spp., 1.8% for Proteus mirabilis, 4.9% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 12.6% for Enterobacter spp., and 3.2% for Enterococcus spp. Anti-pseudomonal penicillin use decreased by 6.6% annually (95% CI −10.6 to −2.4%) and anti-pseudomonal penicillin resistance rates decreased each year by 7.9% for Escherichia coli, 8.9% for Klebsiella spp., 15.2% for Proteus mirabilis and 4.2% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Anti-staphylococcal penicillin use decreased by 5.4% annually (95% CI −10.0 to −0.5%) and resistance in Staphylococcus aureus decreased 1.7% per year. Conclusion Nationally among VA CLCs, we observed significant reductions in the use of several classes of antibiotics with corresponding reductions in antibiotic resistance, including an impressive decline in fluoroquinolone use and corresponding decreases in fluoroquinolone resistance among six organisms. Future research should assess whether reductions in antibiotic use predict later reductions in antibiotic resistance and improvements in resident outcomes. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Bacterial Contamination of Street Vended Food Pani Puri Available in Janakpurdham, Dhanusha

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Nagendra Prasad Yadav ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Satyam Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Dilution Technique ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Objectives: To determine the level of bacterial contamination in food (Panipuri) available in market of Janakpur, Dhanusha, Nepal. Methods: Total 120 samples of Panipuri (60 solid matters and 60 masalaa Pani) collected aseptically from the market were transported to the microbiology laboratory and processed for microbial count by serial dilution technique. Microbial load and presence of pathogen were detected in each sample. Results: Analysis of the food samples revealed that 70% of Panipuri samples had high loads of bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp, Bacillus spp.  Conclusion: This study depicted that the street vended food Panipuri of Janakpur are highly contaminated with pathogenic bacteria which can cause health risk to consumers. Thus, it is suggested that regular monitoring of the quality of street foods must be practiced to avoid any food bone illness in future.

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