scholarly journals Research on battery pack dynamic equalization technology with improved flying capacitor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Matrix Structure ◽  
Complicated Structure ◽  
Equilibrium Time ◽  
Test Platform ◽  
Circuit Structure ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Aiming at the problem that the traditional flying capacitor equalization circuit has long equilibrium time and complicated structure, based on the in-depth study of the existing capacitor equalization method, this paper proposes a bidirectional DC-DC equalization circuit topology based on switch matrix. Structure, improve circuit switch network structure, reduce the number of switches and capacitors in the circuit, simplify the equalization structure, combined with the advantages of bidirectional DC-DC converters can be used in both directions, according to the difference between the average voltage of the battery pack and the voltage of each cell. Any two cells in the battery pack areused for equalization purposes. By establishing an experimental test platform verification, the results show that the topology can reduce the equalization time under the premise of simplifying the circuit structure when equalizing any two cells.

scholarly journals A ΔSOC-based equalization strategy applied to industry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maonan Wang ◽  
Chun Chang ◽  
Feng Ji
Keyword(s):  
Open Circuit ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Battery Cells

Abstract The voltage-based equalization strategy is widely used in the industry because the voltage (U) of the battery cell is very easy to obtain, but it is difficult to provide an accurate parameter for the battery management system (BMS). This study proposes a new equalization strategy, which is based on the difference between the state of charge (SOC) of any two battery cells in the battery pack, that is, a ΔSOC-based equalization strategy. The new strategy is not only as simple as the voltage-based equalization strategy, but it can also provide an accurate parameter for the BMS. Simply put, using the relationship between the open circuit voltage and the SOC of the battery pack, the proposed strategy can convert the difference between the voltage of the battery cells into ΔSOC, which renders a good performance. Additionally, the required parameters are all from the BMS, and no additional calculation is required, which makes the strategy as simple as the voltage-based balancing strategy. The four experiments show that the relative errors of ΔSOC estimated by the ΔSOC-based equalization strategy are 0.37%, 0.39%, 0.1% and 0.17%, and thereby demonstrate that the ΔSOC-based equalization strategy proposed in this study shows promise in replacing the voltage-based equalization strategy within the industry to obtain better performance.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of the Space–Time Effect of a Double-Pipe Frozen Curtain Formation with Different Groundwater Velocities

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3830
Author(s):  
Shicheng Sun ◽  
Chuanxin Rong ◽  
Hua Cheng ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Xiaogang Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Physical Model Test ◽  
Sand Layer ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Groundwater Velocity ◽  
Test Platform ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Freezing Test ◽  
Double Pipe ◽  
Thermal Physical Properties

Groundwater velocity has significant effects on the formation of a frozen curtain during freezing. In order to study the influence of the velocity on a frozen curtain, a large physical model test platform was established for double-pipe freezing. Based on this platform, freezing tests for different velocities were carried out. Quartz sand was selected as a similar material. The freezing temperature of the saturated sand layer was found by analyzing the results of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Based on the study of the thermal physical properties of the sand layer, the freezing test results were analyzed, and the results showed that the flow led to the differential development of the temperature between the upstream and downstream sections of the freezing pipes. Moreover, the larger the velocity, the greater the difference. The flow prolonged the overlapping time of the frozen curtains. Additionally, the flow slowed down the development of the frozen curtain area and the frozen curtain thickness. The larger the flow velocity, the greater the inhibition of the flow on the development of the frozen curtain. The test results can provide more references for the design and construction of freezing engineering with flowing groundwater.

Chemical Stress Relaxation of NR Networks Prepared in the Swollen State

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Do Suh ◽  
Hidetoshi Oikawa ◽  
Kenkichi Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Chemical Stress ◽  
Network Chain ◽  
Crosslinking Process ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Chemical Relaxation ◽  
The Difference

Abstract From the experimental results of the present investigation, it is apparent that two kinds of networks which have a different three-dimensional network structure give quite different behavior of chemical stress relaxation, even if both networks have the same network chain density. The difference in three-dimensional network structure for the two kinds of rubber arises from the degree of entanglement, which changes with the concentration of the polymer chains prior to the crosslinking process. The direct cause of chemical relaxation is due to the scission of network chains by degradation, whereas the total relaxation is caused by the change of geometrical conformation of network chains. This then casts doubt on the basic concept of chemorheology which is represented by Equation 2.

scholarly journals Face to Face Consumption According to Conventional and Islamic Concept

2019 ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Basrowi Basrowi ◽  
Ruslan Abdul Ghofur
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Complete Picture ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Daily Application

The purpose of this study is to get detailed answers to the differences between consumption concepts from conventional and Islamic perspectives. Face to face comparison is believed to provide a complete picture of the differences in these two perspectives. The method used to answer the above problems is by qualitative methods, precisely the method of literature. The results of the in-depth study show that there are very essential differences between the concepts of consumption according to conventional and Islamic perspectives. The difference is not only in values, principles, but also in the application of daily application. This research gives a new perpective in the scientific repertoire of consumption concepts according to Islam because it is able to present differences face to face to get clarity on a phenomenon

Concurrent Hierarchical Model and Analysis Based on Fuzzy-Timing Petri Net

2011 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 640-644
Author(s):  
Yong Shan Liu ◽  
Tian Bao Hao ◽  
Yan Qing Shen
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Model ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Workflow Management ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Complicated Structure ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Layered Approach ◽  
System Resources

In order to simplify the workflow and make efficient use of resources in workflow management, a hierarchical concurrent model based on fuzzy-timing Petri net is proposed. To analyze complicated structure with layered approach, this model turns a complex concurrent network structure into order structure, which simplifies the entire workflow. Proof of the feasibility and correctness of the model is given and verified by an example. In the example, minimum processors are used to deal with corresponding activities, without changing the duration of the case, therefore system resources are efficiently used.

Review of the Study on Load Capacity of Oil-Film Bearings

2014 ◽  
Vol 900 ◽  
pp. 405-409
Author(s):  
Xiang Jun Yu ◽  
Zuo Xin Li ◽  
Ke Nan Shen ◽  
Shuang You ◽  
An Jun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Stability

The oil-film bearings are widely used in mechanical transmission due to the good performance. In normal operating conditions, the journal and bearing shell are separated by the oil film, which contributes to the reduction of wear. And the stability and reliability of oil film has a great effect on load capacity. The paper briefly introduces research methods of the load capacity of oil-film bearings and points out some aspects of large oil-film bearings for in-depth study. Then combining dynamic simulation with experimental test on the scaled model of whole machine, a dynamic research idea is presented for large oil-film bearings.

scholarly journals MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barsihannor B
Keyword(s):  
Strategy Management ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Education Management ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Difference

This article examines thoughts of Prof. Dr. Mujamil Qomar, M.Ag. which expressly states that the success of Islamic education in the level of realityexpectations one of which is determined by the management of Islamic education that serves the task of advancing the implementation, implementation or application of Islamic education institutionally. Among Qomar's thoughts on the management of Islamic education that is pithy and deserves an in-depth study is the nature of Islamic education management and its implications, philosophical objects and praxis as well as the dimensions of Islamic education management, the characteristics and characteristics of Islamic education management, the difference between Islamic education management and education management , as well as about the existence and constraints of Islamic education management. Thought Qomar can be explored clearly in three works, namely Manajemen Pendidikan Islam: Strategi Baru Pengelolaan Lembaga Pendidikan Islam (Management of Islamic Education: New Strategy Management of Islamic Education Institutions), Dimensions of Management of Islamic Education, and Strategy of Islamic Education, as well as other works that are not directly related to the discussion of Islamic education management. 

scholarly journals A Historical Review of Data and Information of Indonesian Mangroves Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswin Rahadian ◽  
Lilik Budi Prasetyo ◽  
Yudi Setiawan ◽  
Ketut Wikantika
Keyword(s):  
Historical Review ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Mangrove Area ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Difference

Quantification of the mangrove area in Indonesia was very diverse, which is quantified in the pre and post development of remote sensing technology. This causes uncertainty comprehensive information of mangrove in Indonesia. The planners at national and international level of faced with the problems of uncertainty information that has implications for the quality of data availability. Therefore, it is important to develop a comprehensive of mangrove extent and distribution database. The method used in-depth study literature on various publications related mangrove mapping in Indonesia and comparative analysis. This study aims to identify comprehensive information mangrove forests of Indonesia and analyze the factors which cause diversity of quantification area and reliability of data. We found 42 publications containing data and information on Indonesia's mangrove forests area, with 17 sources including detailed information per province. The study results showed that the difference mangrove quantification area was influenced by several main factors including analysis periode, differences in the concept and mangrove boundaries, basic data and scale, method of mangrove mapping, as well as regional coverage. Keywords: historical data, Indonesia, mangrove area  

scholarly journals A Novel Approach to Determine Static Falling down Sidelong Angle of Tractor Using a 3D Printed Miniature Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Moon-Kyeong Jang ◽  
Seok-Joon Hwang ◽  
Chang-Seop Shin ◽  
Ju-Seok Nam
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Test Platform ◽  
Certification Test ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Agricultural Machines

In this study, we have conducted a quasi-static lateral overturning test and derived a static falling down sidelong angle by using a miniature tractor model. We analyzed the lateral overturning condition of tractors theoretically by literature review and derived a method to manufacture a miniature model based on the analysis result. A miniature model was manufactured using a 3D printer at a scale of 1/20, relative to the actual dimension of a tractor. In addition, a test platform was constructed to perform lateral overturning tests. The miniature model was placed on the test platform, and the inclination angle of the ground was gradually increased. Then the static falling down sidelong angle, that is the inclination angle at the moment of lateral overturning occurred, was measured. The test result indicated that the difference of average static falling down sidelong angle was 1.0%. comparing to the accredited certification test result of the original tractor. Therefore, by utilizing the method applied in this study, the static falling down sidelong angle of tractors could be derived quickly and conveniently from a miniature model. As future research, the in-depth verification for the developed method is required by applying to a variety of agricultural machines.

scholarly journals Environmental testing for reliable battery management system in electric vehicle

2020 ◽  
Vol 1517 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
J Raharjo ◽  
A Wikarta ◽  
I Sidharta ◽  
M N Yuniarto ◽  
M I Firdaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Temperature Cycling ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Environmental Testing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Battery Cells

Abstract The Battery management system (BMS) is a main component in the battery pack system for electric vehicles (EV). The function of BMS is to monitor battery cells such as; cell voltage, cell temperature, and current in the battery pack. Moreover BMS also able to balance the voltage of the cells so the difference in voltage of the cells can be minimized. By having many of these functions, BMS can identify battery health based on these parameters. With such an important function, in this paper, BMS was tested to determine its reliability. The standard testing for BMS reliability is the Environment test. In the environment test, some things that are conducted in the environment test are initial temperature cycling. From the environment, the test can be generated information to assess the quality of the BMS following its function. Furthermore, it can reduce the cost to inspect every battery cells in the packs. With the environment test as a basis for BMS reliability tester, hopefully, good quality is obtained. Future development in BMS reliability testing can also be conducted to improve reliability.

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