Analysis of Data from Successive Complex Sample Surveys, with an Example of Hypertension Prevalence from the United States Health Examination Survey

1983 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEAN L FREEMAN ◽  
DANIEL H FREEMAN ◽  
ADRIAN M OSTFELD
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Sample Surveys ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
Health Examination Survey ◽  
Complex Sample

scholarly journals Comparison of Health Examination Survey Methods in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, England, Scotland, and the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 186 (6) ◽  
pp. 648-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Mindell ◽  
Alison Moody ◽  
Andres I. Vecino-Ortiz ◽  
Tania Alfaro ◽  
Patricia Frenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Health Examination Survey

scholarly journals Blood pressure in adolescence. The United States Health Examination survey.

Hypertension ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 566-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Cornoni-Huntley ◽  
W R Harlan ◽  
P E Leaverton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Health Examination Survey

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control in the United States, 2013 to 2018

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Aggarwal ◽  
Nicholas Chiu ◽  
Rishi K. Wadhera ◽  
Andrew E. Moran ◽  
Inbar Raber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Control ◽  
White Adults

We evaluated the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension (defined as a systolic blood pressure [BP]) ≥140 mm Hg, diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg, or a self-reported use of an antihypertensive agent) among US adults, stratified by race/ethnicity. This analysis included 16 531 nonpregnant US adults (≥18 years) in the three National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles between 2013 and 2018. Race/ethnicity was defined by self-report as White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, or other Americans. Among 76 910 050 (74 449 985–79 370 115) US adults with hypertension, 48.6% (47.3%–49.8%, unadjusted) have controlled BP. When compared with BP control rates for White adults (49.0% [46.8%–51.2%], age-adjusted), BP control rates are lower in Black (39.2%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.71 [95% CI, 0.59–0.85], P <0.001), Hispanic (40.0%, aOR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.58–0.88], P =0.003), and Asian (37.8%, aOR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.55–0.84], P =0.001) Americans. Black adults have higher hypertension prevalence (45.3% versus 31.4%, aOR, 2.24 [95% CI, 1.97–2.56], P <0.001) but similar awareness and treatment rates as White adults. Hispanic adults have similar hypertension prevalence, but lower awareness (71.1% versus 79.1%, aOR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.58–0.89], P =0.005) and treatment rates (60.5% versus 67.3%, aOR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.66–0.94], P =0.010) than White adults. Asian adults have similar hypertension prevalence, lower awareness (72.5% versus 79.1%, aOR, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.58–0.97], P =0.038) but similar treatment rates. Black, Hispanic, and Asian Americans have different vulnerabilities in the hypertension control cascade of prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control. These differences can inform targeted public health efforts to promote health equity and reduce the burden of hypertension in the United States.

Ethnicity and hypertension

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 2895-2898
Author(s):  
Bert-Jan van den Born ◽  
Charles Agyemang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
European Society ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
Blocking Agents ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
And Control

Worldwide, large differences exist in the prevalence of hypertension and hypertension-related complications, both along geographic boundaries and between different ethnic groups. Urbanization and dietary changes have led to a genuine increase in hypertension prevalence in many low- and middle-income countries, whereas migration has been associated with disparities in hypertension prevalence, awareness, and control in different, large multi-ethnic populations in Europe and the United States. Depending on the geographic area and definition of ethnicity, results can be quite heterogeneous and are susceptible to generalization. However, data in both Europe and the United States consistently show higher prevalence rates of hypertension and hypertension-related complications in populations of West African descent. These ethnic differences in hypertension susceptibility may in part be attributable to quantitative differences in other risk factors such as obesity and dietary salt intake, but may also relate to differences in pathophysiological traits, particularly increased salt sensitivity and vascular contractility. This may also explain the better blood pressure-lowering potential of salt restriction and of pharmacological treatment with diuretics and calcium channel blocking agents, whereas renin–angiotensin system blockers and beta-blocking agents are in general less effective. The European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology Guidelines recommend to start with calcium channel blockers or a thiazide diuretic for the treatment of hypertension in sub-Saharan African populations if no other compelling indications are present, while there is a lack of evidence that ethnicity should influence the preference for particular blood pressure-lowering combinations. The realization that ethnic differences in hypertension prevalence and treatment response exist may help to increase our understanding of the complex pathophysiology of hypertension and improve strategies aimed at the selection and control of hypertensive patients with different ethnic background.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic disparities in hypertension prevalence: Results from the first Portuguese National Health Examination Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 547-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Rodrigues ◽  
Vânia Gaio ◽  
Irina Kislaya ◽  
Sidsel Graff-Iversen ◽  
Eugénio Cordeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
Health Examination Survey ◽  
Sociodemographic Disparities

scholarly journals Diabetes and Hypertension Prevalence in Homeless Adults in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. e46-e60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca S. Bernstein ◽  
Linda N. Meurer ◽  
Ellen J. Plumb ◽  
Jeffrey L. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Homeless Adults ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence
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