scholarly journals Reproductive Output and Duration of the Pelagic Larval Stage Determine Seascape-Wide Connectivity of Marine Populations

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric A. Treml ◽  
Jason J. Roberts ◽  
Yi Chao ◽  
Patrick N. Halpin ◽  
Hugh P. Possingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Pelagic Larval Stage

scholarly journals The breeding and development of the ascidian Pelonaia corrugata Forbes and Goodsir

1954 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Millar
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Cleavage ◽  
Pelagic Larval Stage

SummaryPelonaia corrugata in the Firth of Clyde breeds for only 2–4 weeks in January or February. The species is oviparous. Early cleavage is similar to that of other ascidians, but after gastrulation the embryo passes through a two-hemisphere stage. One of these hemispheres is endodermal. From the other hemisphere, which slowly envelops the endoderm, two ampullae grow and fix the embryo to the substratum. The young ascidian develops directly from this attached embryo, and the development is therefore anural. Elimination of the pelagic larval stage is regarded as an adaptation to the sand-dwelling habit of the adult, as it prevents dispersal to unsuitable habitats.

scholarly journals Notes on two rare species of brachyuran crabs (families Matutidae and Parthenopidae) from Indonesian waters with new distribution records

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisfa Hanim ◽  
Ali Suman ◽  
Duranta Diandria Kembaren ◽  
Dyah Perwitasari ◽  
Yusli Wardiatno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
New Record ◽  
Marine Fisheries ◽  
Sea Current ◽  
Arafura Sea ◽  
Brachyuran Crabs ◽  
Malacca Strait ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Pelagic Larval Stage

This research aimed to report two species of Brachyuran crabs that were found rarely from Indonesian waters. The latest report was more than one hundred years ago, and the study from Indonesia before was not so clear, both information about specimens and location details. We conducted our study in Southern Aru Island and Malacca Strait using trawl during the cruise research which was held by the Research Institute for Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. Our findings were Izanami reticulata, New Record (family Matutidae) from Southern Aru Island, and Cryptopodia fornicata (family Parthenopidae) from Malacca Strait. The two locations are located close to the location where the species was found in previous studies, namely the Arafura Sea which is adjacent to the Aru Islands, and the Malacca Strait which is adjacent to Borneo. We suspect that the presence of these two species in western and eastern Indonesia was due to their distribution during the pelagic larval stage through the sea current. This article also provided the specific habitat for both species which has not been stated. In addition, this article will contribute to strengthening Indonesia as a mega biodiversity country with initiate compiling the database of Brachyura in Indonesian waters.

EFFECT OF APHID CONSUMPTION BY LARVAE ON DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY OF A FLOWER FLY, SYRPHUS COROLLAE (DIPTERA: SYRPHIDAE)

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 989-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cornelius ◽  
C. A. Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Energy Equivalent ◽  
Aphid Consumption ◽  
Average Fecundity

AbstractAverage duration of the larval stage of Syrphus corollae Fab. reared at 20 ± 1 °C decreased linearly with increase in amount consumed from 9.2 days with 40.9 cal consumed/larva to 7.9 days at 78.1 cal/larva. Mean weight of pupae and percentage emergence of adults increased with calories consumed. No eggs were laid by flies developed from larvae which consumed less than 54.6 cal of energy, equivalent to 38 aphids. Average fecundity increased linearly with consumption up to 81.6 cal/larva (= 58 aphids). Mean reproductive output was 3.2% of larval consumption above 55 cal but decreased as larval consumption increased. When food was scarce, fecundity decreased because pupae, and therefore ovaries, were smaller. Larvae consumed as much as possible in the time available rather than pupating after consuming a minimal amount.

scholarly journals The Later Larval Life of Arenicola Marina L

1949 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Newell
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Larval Life ◽  
Arenicola Marina ◽  
Pelagic Larval Stage ◽  
New Habitats

Larvae with three and four chaetigerous segments and also an early post-larval stage of Arenicola marina are described with figures. These are all bottomdwelling stages enclosed in mucous tubes and were collected from the pebble and Fucus zone at Whitstable.The rinding of these larvae furnishes additional evidence for the view that, except when migrating in the water to new habitats, the lugworm possesses no pelagic larval stage in its life history.

scholarly journals Total stock size and cannibalism regulate recruitment in cod (Gadus morhua) on the Faroe Plateau

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petur Steingrund ◽  
Rógvi Mouritsen ◽  
Jákup Reinert ◽  
Eilif Gaard ◽  
Hjálmar Hátún
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Stock Size ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Total Stock ◽  
Recruitment Event ◽  
Pelagic Larval Stage

Abstract Steingrund, P., Mouritsen, R., Reinert, J., Gaard, E., and Hátún, H. 2010. Total stock size and cannibalism regulate recruitment in cod (Gadus morhua) on the Faroe Plateau. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 111–124. Year-class strength of fish is often considered to be determined at the pelagic larval stage, but we show that year-class strength of cod on the Faroe Plateau seems to be determined later, at the 1- or 2-group stage. Adult cod (C), measured in terms of the catch per unit effort (cpue) of small longliners, move into nearshore nursery areas of juvenile cod when in poor condition and probably displace 1-year-old cod to deeper water, where they are cannibalized. In addition, the recruitment of 2-year-old cod, at least up to a certain level, is positively related to the total biomass (B) of older cod on the Faroe Plateau, which are present at about the same time as the recruitment event. This feature, which seems to be a new observation in terms of the recruitment dynamics of cod, is possibly related to enhanced foraging or a reduced predation risk. The recruitment of 2-year-old cod during the years 1984–2006 is described by aB/C + d (r2 = 0.87), where a and d are fitted constants. The implications for stock assessment and management are discussed.

Observations on the life cycle of Abra ovata on an intertidal mud flat in portugal

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 919-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Sprung
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Shell Length ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Ria Formosa ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Shore Crabs ◽  
Mud Flat ◽  
Southern Portugal ◽  
Pelagic Larval Stage

On an intertidal mud flat in the Ria Formosa (southern Portugal) Abra ovata (Mollusca: Bivalvia) showed effective meiobenthic and macrobenthic dispersal (i.e. of individuals smaller and larger than 1 mm). This was important to compensate for mortality caused by shore crabs during summer. It was observed in the laboratory that A. ovata deposited eggs in capsules on the sediment surface; after 11–15 d at 20°C benthic juveniles of 210–220 (im shell length hatched from these capsules. A pelagic larval stage was missing. Large numbers of specimens of about 1 mm shell length colonized protected buckets between February and June.

Sexual differentiation in juvenile American lobster (Homarus americanus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 650-653
Author(s):  
Michel Comeau ◽  
Kadra Benhalima
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
American Lobster ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Pelagic Larval Stage

American lobsters (Homarus americanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837) settling to the bottom after their pelagic larval stage are sexually undifferentiated. Based on stereomicroscope observations, the female’s gonopore first appeared for lobsters about 13 mm carapace length (CL) and the dimorphism of the first pair of male pleopods was first observed at about 15 mm CL. Based on histological observations, the internal reproductive system for both males and females began differentiating at sizes ≥20 mm CL. The vasa deferentia were observed for males >30 mm CL indicating that the male reproductive system is fully formed. For females, the ovaries were observed at sizes ≥20 mm CL, but the oviducts were not detected in animals <36 mm CL. The male reproductive system is morphologically complete at a substantially smaller CL than for females.

Oceanic dispersal in a sedentary reef shark (Triaenodon obesus): genetic evidence for extensive connectivity without a pelagic larval stage

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1144-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas M. Whitney ◽  
William D. Robbins ◽  
Jennifer K. Schultz ◽  
Brian W. Bowen ◽  
Kim N. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Genetic Evidence ◽  
Reef Shark ◽  
Triaenodon Obesus ◽  
Pelagic Larval Stage
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