On the 'Final Solution' as a Central European Event: A Comparative Approach to German and Polish Anti-Semitism, 1914-1939

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-203
Author(s):  
W. W. Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Final Solution ◽  
Central European ◽  
Anti Semitism

scholarly journals Opowieść o nieuwikłanych ziemiach

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Michał Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Eastern European ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Final Solution ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
Central European ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Successful Execution ◽  
Mass Killings

Narrative of untangled lands Timothy Snyder’s Bloodlands is an extremely ambitious project not only of historiography but also, we dare say, of historiosophy. Snyder seeks originality in shaping both the geography and the narrative of what he considers to be the central occurrence of contemporary history – mass killings of the Nazi regime and Stalinist Russia. He claims that in order to comprehend the logic of the killings we need to put emphasis on the (intentional and unintentional) collusion (interaction) of the two regimes. I believe that this interpretation is trivial if we take its weak interpretation, and wrong if we want to understand it in a strong way. Snyder is widely praised for adopting or giving justice to the Central European (namely Polish) perception of the WWII, but in doing it he gladly succumbs to its lacunas and deliberate misinterpretations. He not only downgrades the importance of the Shoah but also downplays the role of Eastern European anti-Semitism and its interaction with the Nazi “messianic” anti-judaismus as the key factor in successful execution of the Final Solution.

scholarly journals British Right-Wing Anti-semitism, 1918-1930.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Oliver Brown
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
World War ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Right ◽  
First World

This thesis investigates the prevalence of anti-Semitism in the British right-wing between the years of 1918 and 1930. It aims to redress the imbalance of studies on interwar British right-wing anti-Semitism that are skewed towards the 1930s, Oswald Mosley and the British Union of Fascists. This thesis is the first to focus exclusively on the immediate aftermath of the First World War and the rest of the 1920s, to demonstrate how interwar British right-wing anti-Semitism was not an isolated product of the 1930s. This work shows that anti-Semitism was endemic throughout much of the right-wing in early interwar Britain but became pushed further away from the mainstream as the decade progressed. This thesis adopts a comparative approach of comparing the actions and ideology of different sections of the British right-wing. The three sections that it is investigating are the “mainstream”, the “anti-alien/anti-Bolshevik” right and the “Jewish-obsessive” fringe. This comparative approach illustrates the types of anti-Semitism that were widespread throughout the British right-wing. Furthermore, it demonstrates which variants of anti-Semitism remained on the fringes. This thesis will steer away from only focusing on the virulently anti-Semitic, fringe organisations. The overemphasis on peripheral figures and openly fascistic groups when historians have glanced back at the 1920s helped lead to an exaggerated view that Britain was a tolerant haven in historiographical pieces, at least up until the 1980s. This thesis is using a wide range of primary sources, that are representative of the different sections of the British right-wing.

Science and “Race” In Solomon Yudovin’s Photographic Documentation of Russian Jewry, 1912–1914

Images ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-78
Author(s):  
Amos Morris-Reich
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Central European ◽  
The Third ◽  
Photographic Documentation ◽  
The Holocaust

Abstract From the perspective of Central European developments in scientific photography, this article studies the photographs taken by Solomon Yudovin as part of S. An-sky’s ethnographic expedition to the Pale of Settlement between 1912 and 1914. The first part of the article argues that the scientific goals of the expedition demanded the introduction of photography less out of an inherent interest in the medium than out of the desire to employ advanced scientific techniques. The second part identifies various strains of scientific photography in Yudovin’s photographic practice. It shows that his photographs encompass both of what later came to be contrasted as racial photography and social documentation. Employing a comparative approach, and touching particularly on questions of Jewish visibility at the time and after the Holocaust, the third part of the article points to the specificity of photography as an indexical medium in this history.

scholarly journals Crises of the communist and neoliberal orders 30 years later: A structural comparison between 1975 and 2019 Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-504
Author(s):  
Tomasz Zarycki
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Structural Comparison ◽  
Critical Sociology ◽  
Central European ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
Critical Case Study

This article proposes to look at the current moment in the recent history of the so-called Central-European countries, with Poland as a critical case study, through a structural comparison with an earlier historical cycle, that is one of the first three decades of the communist rule in the region. Thus, I propose to compare the social and economic situation in Poland of circa 1975 with that of 2019, so 30 years after the establishment of a new given political order (30 years after 1945 and 1989 respectively). The paper will offer a general overview of the trajectory of Poland in the post-war era, based primarily on the perspective of the world-system theory and that of the critical sociology of elites, one which will also point to the essential structural contexts of the post-communist dynamics of society. This paper will be based on a basic observation: even if both the 1970s and late 2010s can be considered as periods of relative political stabilization and economic growth for the region as such, and Poland in particular, these countries are, at the same time, subjected to a considerable and even increasing economic dependence on the Western core. In the conclusions, it is argued that the proposed comparative approach, taking into account both an earlier historical cycle and the broader structural dependency of the region, may allow to cast a new light on the nature of current dynamics in Polish politics as well as on the possible future trajectories of the country.

The Racialization of the Jewish Question

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 179-201
Author(s):  
Warren S. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Question ◽  
Final Solution ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Racial Theory

Abstract This article explores how the Jewish Question went from being a question of whether to give Jews, as a religious minority, citizenship, to a racial theory of a conflict between the Aryan and Semitic races. It explores the origins of Christian anti-Judaism in Europe and describes how it flared up during the Crusades, Inquisition, and Pogroms. It then describes how and explains why the Jewish Question became pseudo-secularized into a pseudo-scientific racial anti-Semitism, which culminated in the Final Solution.

Mythos »Judenklub« – Feindbildkonstruktionen im mitteleuropäischen Fußball der Zwischenkriegszeit

Aschkenas ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Oswald
Keyword(s):  
Fan Culture ◽  
Central European ◽  
Small Minority ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Urban Images

AbstractThe article focuses on a certain aspect of Central European soccer history – the turning of traditional urban images into enemy stereotypes by the inter-war fan culture. Generally, pejorative images were based on the origin of a club. Village clubs and their fans were considered »Saubauern«. If they had their home in a suburb, they were denigrated as a »Mob«, and if they were city-clubs, they had to cope with anti-Semitism. The images were in fact misleading. Even those clubs which were denounced as »Judenklubs« only had a very small minority of Jews among their fans, members and officials.

The Final Solution in Bulgaria and Romania: A Comparative Perspective

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan J. Hollander
Keyword(s):  
Home Country ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Weak States ◽  
Final Solution ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Victimization Rate ◽  
Local Officials

Accounts of the Final Solution in Bulgaria and Romania often stress the differences between the two countries, attributing Bulgaria's relatively low victimization rate (18 percent) and Romania's relatively high one (approximately 50 percent) to differing levels of anti-Semitism or local attitudes toward Jews. This article argues that, broken down by region, Bulgaria and Romania were actually quite similar, in that both countries participated in the victimization of Jews in newly acquired territories while protecting those in the “home country.” By investigating the complex negotiations between Nazi Germany and local officials in each of these countries, the author shows that because of their close alliance with Nazi Germany (and not despite this), the governments of Bulgaria and Romania were both able to protect their own Jewish citizens. Both countries essentially traded loyalty in military and economic affairs for concessions, delays, and limitations in the Final Solution. This observation has fascinating moral implications, since it suggests that countries could only protect their own citizens by cooperating with Nazi Germany. It also illustrates that far from being passive subjects of coercion, weak states in imperial relationships can actually bargain to change the terms of their own subjugation. Imperial hegemony is partly a product of negotiation and international contracting, not unmitigated coercion.

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