scholarly journals COMMUNITY DWELLING OLDER ADULTS PERCEIVE AGE-RELATED MEMORY DECLINE AS THE FIRST SIGN OF IMPENDING DEMENTIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (Suppl_2) ◽  
pp. 636-636
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals What influences diet quality in older people? A qualitative study among community-dwelling older adults from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study, UK

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 2685-2693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse Bloom ◽  
Wendy Lawrence ◽  
Mary Barker ◽  
Janis Baird ◽  
Elaine Dennison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Hertfordshire Cohort Study ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractObjectiveTo explore influences on diet in a group of community-dwelling older adults in the UK.DesignData were collected through focus group discussions with older people; discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and transcripts analysed thematically.SettingHertfordshire, UK.SubjectsParticipants were sampled purposively from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study, focusing on those whose diets had been assessed at two time points: 1998–2001 and 2011.ResultsNinety-two adults participated (47 % women; 74–83 years) and eleven focus groups were held. A number of age-related factors were identified that were linked to food choices, including lifelong food experiences, retirement, bereavement and medical conditions, as well as environmental factors (such as transport). There appeared to be variability in how individuals responded to these influences, indicating that other underlying factors may mediate the effects of age-related factors on diet. Discussions about ‘keeping going’, being motivated to ‘not give up’, not wanting to be perceived as ‘old’, as well as examples of resilience and coping strategies, suggest the importance of mediating psychological factors. In addition, discussion about social activities and isolation, community spirit and loneliness, indicated the importance of social engagement as an influence on diet.ConclusionsInterventions to promote healthier diets in older age should take account of underlying psychological and social factors that influence diet, which may mediate the effects of age-related factors.

scholarly journals BODY MASS INDEX TRAJECTORY BEFORE DEATH IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS. POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Venkatesh Pai ◽  
Martin C Gulliford
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Housing Tenure ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background and objective: Both low and high body mass index (BMI) have been associated with greater mortality in older adults. This study evaluated the trajectory of BMI in the final years of life. Design: Population-based cohort study. Setting: Community-dwelling adults in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing between 1998 and 2012. Measurements: Body mass index, years before death and all-cause mortality. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, educational level, housing tenure and social class. Results: Data were analysed for 16,924 participants with 31,857 BMI records; mean age at study start, 61.6 (SD 10.9) years; mean BMI, 27.5 (4.7) Kg/m2. There were 3,686 participants (4,794 BMI records) who died and 13,238 participants (27,063 BMI records) who were alive at last follow-up. Mean BMI increased with age to 60-69 years but then declined, but the age-related decline was more rapid in decedents. At ages 80-89 years, mean BMI in decedents was 26.1 (4.7) compared with 27.1 (4.4) Kg/m2 in survivors. After adjusting for age and covariates, mean BMI declined in the five years before death. From 9 to 5 years before death or end of study, adjusted mean BMI was 0.51 (95% confidence interval 0.24 to 0.78) Kg/m2 lower for decedents than survivors; and from four to zero years before death, 1.55 (1.26 to 1.84) Kg/m2 lower in decedents. Conclusions: In community-dwelling older adults, mean body mass index enters an accelerating decline during five years before death. Reverse causation may account for the association of lower BMI with mortality.

scholarly journals Multidimensional Risk Factors of Age-Related Hearing Loss Among Malaysian Community‐Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 16 ◽  
pp. 2033-2046
Author(s):  
Theng Choon Ooi ◽  
Wan Syafira Ishak ◽  
Razinah Sharif ◽  
Suzana Shahar ◽  
Nor Fadilah Rajab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Development of a Comprehensive Chinese Successful Aging Scale: Incorporating the Viewpoints of Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 215-216
Author(s):  
Edwin K H Chung ◽  
Dannii Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Initial Item ◽  
Civic Awareness ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Inspiring by Martinson and Berridge’s (2015) systematic review, the current definition of successful aging (SA) fails to acknowledge the laypeople’s conceptualization of SA. Adopting a mixed-method approach, two studies were conducted with the aim of soliciting older adults’ perceptions of SA and to develop a multidimensional instrument for assessing SA. Study 1 was a qualitative study and 27 community-dwelling older adults (Mage=68.07 years, SD=7.10, range=60–83; 56.3% females) were interviewed. Interview transcripts were analyzed, and seven themes were emerged. An initial item pool for the Successful Aging Scale (SAS) was then established based on these themes as well as those in the SA literature, such as acceptance and independence. Study 2 was a survey study which was conducted among 414 community-dwelling older adults (Mage=64.50 years, SD=4.01, range=60–82; 55.3% females) to identify optimal items for constitution of the SAS. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a 12-factor solution, accounting for 62% of the variance. The 12 factors are adequate health, perceived constraints, flexible attitudes toward life, acceptance of age-related change, life embracement, active engagement, harmonious family, supportive friendship, civic awareness, social contribution, living independently, and adaptive coping strategies. The 12 factors exhibit similar strength of associations with most of the well-being measures, but certain factors show stronger correlation with depressive symptoms and social relationship, suggesting the uniqueness of each factor. Overall, the SAS demonstrates promising psychometric properties. These findings disclose that the older adults’ perceptions of SA could cover broader dimensions than those in Rowe and Kahn’s model (1997).

Bend Don’t Break: Stretching Improves Scores on a Battery of Fall Assessment Tools in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
Nathan F. Johnson ◽  
Chloe Hutchinson ◽  
Kaitlyn Hargett ◽  
Kyle Kosik ◽  
Phillip Gribble
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Flexibility Training ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Context: Falls and loss of autonomy are often attributed in large part to musculoskeletal impairments in later adulthood. Age-related declines in flexibility contribute to late adulthood musculoskeletal impairment. The novel sitting-rising test has been proposed to be a quick, effective screening of musculoskeletal fitness, fall risk, and all-cause mortality in older adults. The timed up and go and 5 times sit-to-stand tests are two of the 3 most evidence-supported performance measures to assess fall risk. Objective: This study aimed to determine if 5 weeks of flexibility training could increase sitting-rising test, timed up and go, and 5 times sit-to-stand scores in community-dwelling older adults. Participants: Forty-seven adults aged 60 years and older (mean age = 66.7 y, SD = 4.1) participated in this study. Participants completed a static stretching protocol consisting of 3 weekly 1-hour stretching sessions. Results: The protocol improved flexibility as seen in sit-and-reach scores and improved scores on all outcome variables. Specifically, there was a significant increase in sitting-rising test scores from preintervention (M = 7.45, SD = 1.45) to postintervention (M = 8.04, SD = 1.36), t(42) = −5.21, P < .001. Timed up and go scores demonstrated a significant decrease from preintervention (M = 8.85, SD = 1.32) to postintervention (M = 8.20, SD = 1.35), t(46) = 5.10, P < .001. Five times sit-to-stand scores demonstrated a significant decrease from preintervention (M = 12.57, SD = 2.68) to postintervention (M = 10.46, SD = 2.06), t(46) = 6.62, P < .001. Finally, significant increases in sit-and-reach scores were associated with improved functional performance (r = −.308, P = .03). Conclusion: Findings suggest that flexibility training can be an effective mode of low-level exercise to improve functional outcomes. Static stretching may help to improve musculoskeletal health, promote autonomy, and decrease mortality in community-dwelling older adults.

scholarly journals Lower brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels are associated with age-related memory impairment in community-dwelling older adults: the Sefuri study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshito Mizoguchi ◽  
Hiroshi Yao ◽  
Yoshiomi Imamura ◽  
Manabu Hashimoto ◽  
Akira Monji
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Behavioral Memory ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract The beneficial effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)—a member of the neurotrophin family—on cognitive function or dementia are well established in both rodents and human beings. In contrast, little is known about the association of proBDNF—a precursor protein with opposing neuronal effects of BDNF—with cognitive function in non-demented older adults. We analyzed brain magnetic resonance imaging findings of 256 community-dwelling older adults (mean age of 68.4 years). Serum BDNF and proBDNF levels were measured by quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Logistic regression analysis revealed that older age, less physical activity, hippocampal atrophy, and lower BDNF levels were independently associated with memory impairment determined by the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test. Path analysis based on structural equation modeling indicated that age, sport activity, hippocampal atrophy and BDNF but not proBDNF were individually associated with Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test scores. These findings suggest that impaired BDNF function, in addition to physical inactivity and hippocampal atrophy, is associated with age-related memory impairment. Therefore, BDNF may be a potential target for dementia prevention.

Comparison of Self-Report of Dysphagia Using the Eating Assessment Tool and the Sydney Swallowing Questionnaire in Community Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Aarthi Madhavan ◽  
Nicole Shuman ◽  
Claire Snyder ◽  
Nicole Etter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Swallowing Problems ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Purpose Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are an important feature in clinical evaluation of swallowing. The Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) and the Sydney Swallow Questionnaire (SSQ) are two validated dysphagia PROs commonly used in healthy older adult populations as screening tools for swallowing problems. The purpose of this study is to compare the consistency of the EAT-10 and SSQ scores for self-reported swallowing difficulties in a group of community-dwelling older adults (CDOA) completing both questionnaires. Method A total of 316 individuals over the age of 60 years completed the EAT-10, SSQ, and provided demographic data, including a self-report of any medical diagnoses. Participants were excluded if they had any diagnoses known to cause dysphagia. Questionnaire responses were analyzed for frequencies of responses across all participants. Results Seventy-five participants were identified as having dysphagia by the EAT-10 (23.7%), while 30 participants were identified by the SSQ (9.49%). When comparing the results of the two assessments, the scales agreed on 289 out of 316 participants (91%). There was a disagreement on the results in 27 of the 316 participants, with 26 of these self-reporting dysphagia symptoms on the EAT-10 but not on the SSQ. Conclusions Two commonly used dysphagia PROs resulted in different prevalence rates of self-reported dysphagia in a group of CDOA. CDOAs may need questionnaires specifically validated for them with special consideration for specific age-related risk factors, to ensure accurate early identification.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Age-Prospective Memory Paradox Using Laboratory and Ecological Tasks

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Wen Koo ◽  
David L. Neumann ◽  
Tamara Ownsworth ◽  
David H. K. Shum
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Age Related Changes

Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to perform a planned action at a future time. Older adults have shown moderate declines in PM, which are thought to be driven by age-related changes in the prefrontal cortex. However, an age-PM paradox is often reported, whereby deficits are evident in laboratory-based PM tasks, but not naturalistic PM tasks. The key aims of this study were to: (1) examine the age-PM paradox using the same sample across laboratory and ecological settings; and (2) determine whether self-reported PM and cognitive factors such as working memory and IQ are associated PM performance. Two PM tasks were administered (ecological vs. laboratory) to a sample of 23 community-dwelling older adults (Mage = 72.30, SDage = 5.62) and 28 young adults (Mage = 20.18, SDage = 3.30). Participants also completed measures of general cognitive function, working memory, IQ, and self-reported memory. Our results did not support the existence of the age-PM paradox. Strong age effects across both laboratory and ecological PM tasks were observed in which older adults consistently performed worse on the PM tasks than young adults. In addition, PM performance was significantly associated with self-reported PM measures in young adults. For older adults, IQ was associated with time-based PM. These findings suggest that the age-PM paradox is more complex than first thought and there are differential predictors of PM performance for younger and older adults.

Episodic Memory Decline Predicts Cortical Amyloid Status in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Darby ◽  
Amy Brodtmann ◽  
Robert H. Pietrzak ◽  
Julia Fredrickson ◽  
Michael Woodward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults
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