Correlates of Strength and Balance Training Exercises in Older African American Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nwanyieze Ngozi Jiakponnah ◽  
Christine Unson ◽  
Queendaleen Chinenye Chukwurah
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Threat Appraisal ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
African American Adults ◽  
Older African Americans

Abstract Background and Objectives This study investigated the behavioral and psychological correlates of strength and balance training (SBT) participation among older African Americans. Research Design and Methods A cross-sectional survey of 90 older African Americans (M = 66.7 ± 8.7 years; 70% female) was conducted to assess correlates of intention to undertake SBT exercises and the number of days that they currently engage in SBT. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the threat appraisal of the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) were used as frameworks for the analyses. Results The intention to do SBT exercises was positively associated with favorable attitudes and subjective norm, knowledge about the benefits of SBT, and hours worked per week. The frequency of SBT participation was significantly correlated with behavioral intention, high fear of falling, and a low score on the kinesiophobia scale. Discussion and Implications This study demonstrated the utility of the TPB and PMT’s threat appraisal construct in modeling intention and number of days of SBT participation among African American older adults. The study affirmed the link between intention and behavior and between knowledge of the benefits of SBT and intention. Fear of falling’s positive association with days of SBT suggests that respondents’ saw SBT’s efficacy in reducing falls. The unique contributions of this study are the inclusions of kinesiophobia as a correlate and multiple threat appraisals in the PMT. Health promotion interventions should consider the interrelationship among these constructs.

Challenges confronting African Americans and Hispanics living with chronic illness in their families

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loren Saulsberry ◽  
Robert J Blendon ◽  
John M Benson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
African American ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hispanic Adults

Objective To examine the life experiences of African American and Hispanic adults whose personal chronic illness and/or that of a family member is the biggest health problem for their families. Data source Telephone (landline and cell phone) interviews of random, nationally representative samples of 1081 African-American and 1478 Hispanic adults, age 18 and older. We evaluated the responses of 757 African-American and 697 Hispanic participants who reported a chronic illness as the biggest health problem in their families. Methods Weighted analysis of cross-sectional survey responses from African-American and Hispanic adults. Results African Americans and Hispanics with chronic illness in their families reported experiencing challenges with the health care delivery system, with financial/economic insecurity, and with their communities that may influence how they live with chronic disease. Discussion Policymakers and clinicians should be aware that some African-American and Hispanic patients face obstacles within and beyond the health care system that are relevant to how they live with chronic conditions affecting their families. Additional tools and supports may need to be identified and supplied to effectively manage chronic illness in these communities. The payment system for physicians should account for the supplementary supports and services these patients might require.

Family Discussion about Organ Donation among African Americans

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamon Atkins ◽  
Kimberly Davis ◽  
Samuel M. Holtzman ◽  
Roger Durand ◽  
Phillip J. Decker
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Religious Attendance ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diffuse Support

Context Relatively little is known about family discussion concerning donation among African Americans in the United States, especially discussion predating the brain death of a family member and the donor request process. Objectives To explore the inclination of African Americans to engage in family discussion about organ donation and the characteristics of those who expressed a desire to their families to donate their organs upon death. Design Focus groups and a cross-sectional survey. Setting A large metropolitan complex in Houston, Tex, with a relatively sizeable African American population. Participants A total of 18 persons of African American background participated in 2 focus groups; 375 randomly selected African American residents were surveyed by questionnaire. Main Outcome Measure Prodonation family discussion. Results Only 10% of subjects were found to be in the “action” (having had a prodonation discussion) or “maintenance” (having had a prodonation discussion and not inclined to alter one's wishes) stages with regard to family discussion. These subjects were not found distinguished from others by age, gender, education, or frequency of religious attendance. They were, however, found differentiated from others by feelings of diffuse support for donation, knowledge of donation, having read or heard a lot about donation, and by the belief that organ donation was not against one's religion—when these variables were individually considered. Yet, when these variables were simultaneously considered in a multivariate discriminant function analysis, diffuse support for donation no longer distinguished those in the action/maintenance stage from other subjects.

scholarly journals Patterns and Perceptions of Self-Management for Osteoarthritis Pain in African American Older Adults

Pain Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1489-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Staja Booker ◽  
Keela Herr ◽  
Toni Tripp-Reimer
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Osteoarthritis Pain ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Older African Americans ◽  
Control Pain

AbstractObjectiveTo explore and describe older African Americans’ patterns and perceptions of managing chronic osteoarthritis pain.MethodsA convergent parallel mixed-methods design incorporating cross-sectional surveys and individual, semistructured interviews.SettingOne hundred ten African Americans (≥50 years of age) with clinical osteoarthritis (OA) or provider-diagnosed OA from communities in northern Louisiana were enrolled.ResultsAlthough frequency varied depending on the severity of pain, older African Americans actively used an average of seven to eight self-management strategies over the course of a month to control pain. The average number of self-management strategies between high and low education and literacy groups was not statistically different, but higher-educated adults used approximately one additional strategy than those with high school or less. To achieve pain relief, African Americans relied on 10 self-management strategies that were inexpensive, easy to use and access, and generally perceived as helpful: over-the-counter (OTC) topicals, thermal modalities, land-based exercise, spiritual activities, OTC and prescribed analgesics, orthotic and assistive devices, joint injections, rest, and massage and vitamins.ConclusionsThis is one of the first studies to quantitatively and qualitatively investigate the self-management of chronic OA pain in an older African American population that happened to be a predominantly higher-educated and health-literate sample. Findings indicate that Southern-dwelling African Americans are highly engaged in a range of different self-management strategies, many of which are self-initiated. Although still an important component of chronic pain self-management, spirituality was used by less than half of African Americans, but use of oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids was relatively high.

scholarly journals Concurrent partnering and condom use among rural heterosexual African-American men

Sexual Health ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
JaNelle M. Ricks ◽  
Angelica Geter ◽  
Richard A. Crosby ◽  
Emma Brown
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Concurrent Partnerships

Background Limited research has targeted HIV risk among heterosexual African-American men in the rural south-eastern United States. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 538 men to assess HIV knowledge, attitudes towards HIV testing and sexual risk behaviour. Results: Fifty-one percent reported consistent condom use in the past 3 months. Monogamous men reported more consistent condom use (t = 3.47, d.f. = 536, P < 0.001). In concurrent partnerships, condom use was inversely related to age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.95–0.998, P = 0.03) and increased with the number of female partners (AOR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.26–1.76, P < 0.001). Conclusions: African-American HIV prevention outreach should include focus on concurrent partnering in rural settings.

scholarly journals The outcomes of gaining digital skills for young people’s lives and wellbeing: A systematic evidence review

2021 ◽  
pp. 146144482110431
Author(s):  
Sonia Livingstone ◽  
Giovanna Mascheroni ◽  
Mariya Stoilova
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Digital Skills ◽  
Evidence Review ◽  
Information Skills ◽  
Research And Policy

Research and policy have invested in the prospect that gaining digital skills enhances children’s and young people’s outcomes. A systematic evidence review of research on digital skills among 12- to 17-year-olds identified 34 studies that used cross-sectional survey methods to examine the association of digital skills with tangible outcomes. Two-thirds concerned the association with online opportunities or other benefits. Another third examined online risks of harm. Findings showed a positive association between digital skills and online opportunities, information benefits, and orientation to technology. Greater digital skills were indirectly linked to greater exposure to online risks, although any link to harm was unclear. While technical skills were linked with mixed or even negative outcomes, information skills were linked with positive outcomes. There was little research on the outcomes of communication or creative digital skills. Future research should examine the dimensions of digital skills separately and encompass a wider range of outcomes.

Age Differences in Knowledge about HIV Transmission among African-American Men and Women

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1133-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Kathleen Burlew
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Older African Americans ◽  
The Difference

To test whether knowledge about HIV transmission may be one contributing factor to the disproportionately high rates of HIV and AIDS cases among older African Americans, this study examined data from 448 African-American men and women, who completed the AIDS Knowledge and Awareness Scale. Overall the findings supported the hypothesis that older African Americans were not as knowledgeable as their younger counterparts. However, the analyses also indicated older (age 61+) African-American women were significantly less knowledgeable about HIV transmission than the younger women. However, the difference between older and younger men was not significant. One implication is that older African Americans, especially women, should be targets of educational efforts.

Paid parental leave and fathers’ involvement: capturing fathers’ gender beliefs and fathering perceptions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa A. Streckenbach ◽  
Laura Castiglioni ◽  
Pia S. Schober
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paid Leave ◽  
Indirect Care ◽  
Paid Parental Leave ◽  
Gender Traditionalism

This study examines how multidimensional gender and fathering beliefs of fathers may explain their relative involvement in childcare after considering paid leave uptake. We draw on cross-sectional survey data from one German state, which allow us to distinguish three belief dimensions: (1) gender traditionalism and essentialism, (2) fathering attitudes, and (3) fathering self-concepts and self-efficacy. By means of multiple linear regression models we investigate how the different dimensions of gender and fatherhood beliefs relate to fathers’ relative involvement in basic and indirect childcare tasks. Our results show that gender (essentialist) ideologies and fatherhood attitudes were strongly associated with fathers’ relative involvement in both childcare domains. The higher fathers perceived self-efficacy in fathering, the more involved they were in basic but not indirect care. All belief dimensions mediated the positive association of fathers’ uptake of paid leave with their involvement in basic childcare.

scholarly journals An Examination of Demographic and Psychosocial Factors, Barriers to Healthy Eating, and Diet Quality Among African American Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Richards Adams ◽  
Wilson Figueroa ◽  
Irene Hatsu ◽  
James Odei ◽  
Mercedes Sotos-Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
African American Adults

A healthy diet is associated with lower risk of chronic disease. African Americans generally have poor diet quality and experience a higher burden of many chronic diseases. We examined the associations of demographic and psychosocial factors and barriers to diet quality among African American adults. This cross-sectional study included 100 African American adults in a southeastern metropolitan area. Psychosocial factors (social support, self-efficacy), and barriers to healthy eating were assessed with validated measures. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010). Nested linear regressions were used to examine the association between the variables of interest and HEI scores. Participants reported having social support (M (mean) = 2.0, SD (standard deviation) = 0.6, range 0–3), high levels of self-efficacy (M = 3.1, SD = 0.7, range 1–4), and low barriers (M = 1.4, SD = 0.6, range 0–4) to engage in healthy eating but total mean HEI scores needed improvement (M = 54.8, SD = 10.9, range 27.1–70.0). Participants consumed significantly higher empty calories and lower whole fruits, dairy, and total protein foods than the national average. Barriers to healthy eating (b = −12.13, p = 0.01) and the interaction between age and barriers (b = 0.25, p = 0.02) were most strongly associated with lower HEI scores. Younger African Americans with the highest barriers to healthy eating had the lowest HEI scores. Culturally appropriate interventions targeting empty calories, barriers to healthy eating, and knowledge of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans are needed for African Americans.

scholarly journals SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN OLDER AFRICAN AMERICANS: A 6-YEAR CROSS-LAGGED PANEL ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S754-S755
Author(s):  
James Muruthi ◽  
J Tina Savla
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group Activities ◽  
Religious Services ◽  
Older African Americans

Abstract Although previous studies have extensively investigated the cross-sectional relationship between social engagement and depressive symptoms in late life, longitudinal studies have produced mixed results. Furthermore, studies on the associations between these two concepts among aging African Americans are few. Using a sample of 1688 older African Americans adults from waves 1 and 7 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (60% women; Average age = 77 years), the present study investigates the longitudinal associations between social engagement (an index from scores on visiting friends and family, attending religious services, attending religious services, participating in group activities, and going out for enjoyment) and depressive symptoms across seven years. Structural equation modeling was used to test cross-lagged relationships between the variables. Findings suggest that social engagement at baseline significantly predicted subsequent depressive symptoms and social engagement. Depressive symptoms at baseline, however, were not significantly associated with subsequent social engagement. These findings suggest that low social engagement in older African Americans is directly associated with increased depressive symptoms over time, but not vice versa. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the barriers of social engagement for older African Americans and its effects on their mental health.

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