scholarly journals Muscle Mass Assessed by the D3-Creatine Dilution Method and Incident Self-reported Disability and Mortality in a Prospective Observational Study of Community-Dwelling Older Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy M Cawthon ◽  
Terri Blackwell ◽  
Steven R Cummings ◽  
Eric S Orwoll ◽  
Kate A Duchowny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Adl Disability

Abstract Background Whether low muscle mass is a risk factor for disability and mortality is unclear. Associations between approximations of muscle mass (including lean mass from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry [DXA]), and these outcomes are inconsistent. Methods Muscle mass measured by deuterated creatine (D3Cr) dilution and appendicular lean mass (ALM, by DXA) were assessed at the Year 14 Visit (2014–2016) of the prospective Osteoporotic Fractures in Men study (N = 1,425, age 77–101 years). Disability in activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental ADLs, and mobility tasks was self-reported at the Year 14 visit and 2.2 years later; deaths were centrally adjudicated over 3.3 years. Relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated per standard deviation decrement with negative binomial, logistic regression, or proportional hazards models. Results In age- and clinical center-adjusted models, the relative risks per decrement in D3Cr muscle mass/wgt was 1.9 (95% CI: 1.2, 3.1) for incident self-reported ADL disability; 1.5 (95% CI: 1.3, 1.9) for instrumental ADL disability; and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.5, 2.2) for mobility disability. In age-, clinical center-, and weight-adjusted models, the relative risks per decrement in D3Cr muscle mass was 1.8 (95% CI: 1.5, 2.2) for all-cause mortality. In contrast, lower DXA ALM was not associated with any outcome. Associations of D3Cr muscle mass with these outcomes were slightly attenuated after adjustment for confounding factors and the potentially mediating effects of strength and physical performance. Conclusions Low muscle mass as measured by D3Cr dilution is a novel risk factor for clinically meaningful outcomes in older men.

scholarly journals THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN D3CR MUSCLE MASS AND MORTALITY IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER MEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S84-S84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy M Cawthon ◽  
Terri Blackwell ◽  
Steven R Cummings ◽  
Eric S Orwoll ◽  
Kate A Duchowny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Injurious Falls ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Mortality Outcome

Abstract We have shown that men with low muscle mass assessed by D3Cr (deuterated creatine) dilution are more likely to have worse physical performance and incident fractures, injurious falls and disability. However, the relation between D3Cr muscle mass and mortality is unknown. With data from Year 14 Visit of the MrOS study (N=1400, mean age 84.2 yrs), proportional hazards models estimated the risk of mortality (hazard ratio and 95% CI) by quartiles of D3Cr muscle mass (standardized to body mass); we calculated p for trend across quartiles. Models were adjusted for age, race, clinical center, alcohol use, smoking status, comorbidities, activity, percent fat, exhaustion, and cognitive function. Cause of death was centrally adjudicated. Over 3.3±0.8 years of follow-up, 197 (14.1%) men died. Men in the lowest quartile of D3Cr muscle mass/wgt were 2.8-fold more likely to die than men in the highest quartile (HR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.6, 4.9; p for trend<.001). The HRs for each cause-specific mortality outcome were of similar magnitude to the HR for overall mortality: cancer death (HR, Q1 vs Q4: 2.2, 95% CI: 0.7, 7.1; p trend =0.140); CVD death (HR, Q1 vs Q4: 3.7, 95% CI: 1.3, 10.5; p trend =0.008); or non-cancer non-CVD death (HR, Q1 vs Q4: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.0, 5.6; p trend=0.019). We conclude that low muscle mass assessed by D3Cr dilution is a strong risk factor for mortality in older men, providing additional evidence that low muscle mass is an important risk factor for adverse health outcomes.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake, D3Cr Muscle Mass, and Appendicular Lean Mass in a Cohort of Older Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1353-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara S Rogers-Soeder ◽  
Katherine E Peters ◽  
Nancy E Lane ◽  
James M Shikany ◽  
Suzanne Judd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Factor Loadings ◽  
Appendicular Lean Mass ◽  
Western Dietary Pattern

Abstract Background We examined cross-sectional associations between dietary patterns, macronutrient intake, and measures of muscle mass and lean mass in older men. Methods Participants in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) cohort (n = 903; mean ± SD age 84.2 ± 4 years) completed brief Block food frequency questionnaires (May 2014–May 2016); factor analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. The D3-creatine (D3Cr) dilution method was used to measure muscle mass; dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure appendicular lean mass (ALM). Generalized linear models were used to report adjusted means of outcomes by dietary pattern. Multiple linear regression models were used to determine associations between macronutrients and D3Cr muscle mass and DXA ALM. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, race, clinic site, education, depression, total energy intake, height, and percent body fat. Results Greater adherence to a Western dietary pattern (high factor loadings for red meat, fried foods, and high-fat dairy) was associated with higher D3Cr muscle mass (p-trend = .026). Adherence to the Healthy dietary pattern (high factor loadings for fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and lean meats) was not associated with D3Cr muscle mass or DXA ALM. Total protein (β = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.03, 0.14) and nondairy animal protein (β = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.10, 0.21) were positively associated with D3Cr muscle mass. Nondairy animal protein (β = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.002, 0.11) was positively associated with DXA ALM. Associations with other macronutrients were inconsistent. Conclusions Nondairy animal protein intake (within a Western dietary pattern and alone) was positively associated with D3Cr muscle mass in older men.

scholarly journals Muscle Mass, Muscle Morphology and Bone Health Among Community-Dwelling Older Men: Findings from the Hertfordshire Sarcopenia Study (HSS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Patel ◽  
A. Dawson ◽  
L. D. Westbury ◽  
G. Hasnaoui ◽  
H. E. Syddall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Muscle Morphology

Associations of Impaired Renal Function With Declines in Muscle Strength and Muscle Function in Older Men: Findings From the CHAMP Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 1812-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Toyama ◽  
Oliver van den Broek-Best ◽  
Toshiaki Ohkuma ◽  
David Handelsman ◽  
Louise M Waite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Renal Impairment ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Parameters

Abstract Background Advanced kidney disease is associated with reduced muscle strength and physical performance. However, associations between early stages of renal impairment and physical outcomes are unclear. Methods The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project is a prospective study of 1,705 community-dwelling men aged 70 years and older. Participants with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) more than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 were included and further divided into four eGFR categories. Physical parameters including grip strength, gait speed, appendicular lean mass (ALM, a sum of skeletal mass of arms and legs), ALM adjusted for body mass index (ALMBMI), and muscle function (measured using grip strength divided by arm lean mass) were assessed at both baseline and 5-year follow-up. Associations between kidney function and changes in physical parameters were analyzed using linear and logistic regression models. Results Our study included 789 men with a median age of 75 years and median eGFR of 72 mL/min/1.73 m2 at baseline. Over 5 years, grip strength, gait speed, ALMBMI, and muscle function all declined in the whole cohort, compared with baseline. The multivariable analyses showed that poorer renal function was associated with more rapid declines in grip strength, gait speed, and muscle function in participants with mild-to-moderate renal impairment (GFR category stage G3, eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) (p = .01, p < .01, p = .02, respectively) but less so in those with eGFR more than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, whereas eGFR category did not have a significant impact on declines in ALMBMI. These results remained unchanged with or without adjustment for age. Conclusions In community-dwelling older men, mild-to-moderate renal impairment at baseline was associated with declines in grip strength, gait speed, and muscle function over time despite preservation of muscle mass.

scholarly journals Testosterone but not estradiol level is positively related to muscle strength and physical performance independent of muscle mass: a cross-sectional study in 1489 older men

2011 ◽  
Vol 164 (5) ◽  
pp. 811-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung Wai Auyeung ◽  
Jenny Shun Wah Lee ◽  
Timothy Kwok ◽  
Jason Leung ◽  
Claes Ohlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Mass

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between different measures of testosterone and estradiol (E2), muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance; and to test whether the association of sex hormone level with muscle strength and physical performance was independent of muscle mass.Design and methodsA cross-sectional survey on 1489 community-dwelling men older than 64 years of age. Serum levels of testosterone and E2were measured by mass spectrometry, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels were measured by immunoradioassay. Muscle mass was examined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and physical performance was assessed by hand-grip strength, gait speed, step length and chair-stand test.ResultsAppendicular skeletal mass (ASM) was positively associated with total testosterone (TT;P<0.001), free testosterone (FT;P<0.001), and total E2(P<0.001) but not with free E2(P=0.102). After adjustment for age, serum SHBG and relative ASM, both TT and FT were significantly associated with grip strength, narrow-walk speed and the composite neuromuscular score. Higher total E2, but not free E2was associated with lower grip strength (P<0.05) after adjustment for age, FT, SHBG and relative ASM.ConclusionsTestosterone level was related to both muscle mass, strength and physical performance. Total E2level, though related to muscle mass positively, affected muscle strength adversely in older men.

scholarly journals The Association of Muscle Mass Measured by D3-Creatine Dilution Method With Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Physical Function in Postmenopausal Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexin Zhu ◽  
Jean Wactawski-Wende ◽  
Heather M Ochs-Balcom ◽  
Michael J LaMonte ◽  
Kathleen M Hovey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
X Ray

Abstract Background The D3-creatine (D3Cr) dilution method provides a direct measure of skeletal muscle. The aim of this study was to compare the association of D3Cr muscle mass with lean body mass (LBM) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and examine its relation with physical function in postmenopausal women. Methods Seventy-four community-dwelling women (mean age 82.3 ± 5.4) participated in this pilot study from the Buffalo, New York clinical site of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI). Participants attended a clinic visit which included anthropometric measures, blood draw, DXA scan, measures of physical function, and initiated the D3Cr protocol. Physical function was evaluated using hand grip strength, short physical performance battery (SPPB), and RAND-36 physical function scale. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of D3Cr muscle mass with functional outcomes. Results D3-creatine muscle mass was moderately correlated with DXA LBM (r = 0.50) and DXA appendicular lean mass (ALM) (r = 0.50). Individuals with high D3Cr muscle mass (%) had higher physical function compared to individuals with low muscle mass (%), indicated by high scores on SPPB (odds ratio [OR] = 5.24; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.40, 19.58). We observed stronger relationships between high D3Cr and physical function than either DXA LBM (OR = 3.40; 95% CI: 0.88, 13.11) or DXA ALM (OR = 4.15; 95% CI: 1.10, 15.68) and physical function. Conclusions Our findings provide strong preliminary data for the associations of D3Cr muscle mass with measures of physical function in older women. These findings support and extend prior work on D3Cr muscle mass in older men.

scholarly journals Associations Between Muscle Mass, Muscle Morphology and Bone Health in Older Men With Sarcopenia: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asta Mastaviciute ◽  
Justina Kilaite ◽  
Donatas Petroska ◽  
Arvydas Laurinavičius ◽  
Marija Tamulaitiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to explore the association between muscle mass, morphology, bone mineral density, and physical function in community-dwelling older men with sarcopenia.Methods: A total of 151 men, 60 years or older were included in this study. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Low bone mineral density was diagnosed if T-score was equal to or below -1.0 SD of mean young men reference range. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) criteria: low muscle mass and low muscle strength or low physical performance. Physical performance was evaluated by short physical performance battery. Microbiopsy of musculus vastus lateralis was performed with disposable muscle microbiopsy system. The perimeter and cross-section area of muscle fibers were calculated using image analysis software in whole slide images; type of fiber and their distribution were evaluated as well. Relationship between variables were examined using Spearman’s and Pearson’s correlations. The level of significance (p-value) of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Mean age of the subjects was 72.9 ± 8.02 years. Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 45 (29.8%) men. In the sarcopenia group, 25 muscle biopsies were examined. The average muscle fiber length was 217.47 ± 25.22 microm and average fiber cross-sectional area was 2446 ± 608.87 microm2. In 9 sarcopenic men with T-scores equal or below -2.5, the muscle fiber area had a significant correlation with balance test (r = 0.73, p = 0.025). Multiple significant correlations were found between bone mineral density, lean mass, appendicular lean mass, arm and leg lean mass, gait speed, balance test and handgrip strength.Conclusions: In men with sarcopenia, low lean muscle mass was associated with low femoral neck and hip BMD, and lower muscle strength. In sarcopenic men with osteoporosis, lower muscle fiber area was associated with lower scores of balance test.Trial registration: study protocol has been approved by Lithuanian regional biomedical research ethics committee (No. 158200-03-208-75).

scholarly journals Associations of Body Composition Trajectories with Bone Mineral Density, Muscle Function, Falls, and Fractures in Older Men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 939-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Scott ◽  
Markus J Seibel ◽  
Robert Cumming ◽  
Vasi Naganathan ◽  
Fiona Blyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mineral Density

Abstract Background Weight loss increases fracture risk in older adults. We aimed to determine associations of 2-year body composition trajectories with subsequent falls and fractures in older men. Methods We measured appendicular lean mass (ALM) and total fat mass (FM) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and Year 2 in 1,326 community-dwelling men aged ≥70 and older. Body composition trajectories were determined from residuals of a linear regression of change in ALM on change in FM (higher values indicate maintenance of ALM over FM), and a categorical variable for change in ALM and FM (did not lose [≥−5% change] versus lost [&lt;−5% change]). Bone mineral density (BMD), hand grip strength, and gait speed were assessed at Years 2 and 5. After Year 2, incident fractures (confirmed by radiographical reports) and falls were recorded for 6.8 years. Results Compared with men who did not lose ALM or FM, men who did not lose ALM but lost FM, and men who lost both ALM and FM, had reduced falls (−24% and −34%, respectively; both p &lt; .05). Men who lost ALM but did not lose FM had increased falls (incidence rate ratio = 1.73; 95% CI 1.37–2.18). ALM/FM change residuals were associated with improved lumbar spine BMD (B = 0.007; 95% CI 0.002–0.012 g/cm2 per SD increase) and gait speed (0.015; 0.001–0.029 m/s), and reduced hip fractures (hazard ratio = 0.68; 95% CI 0.47–0.99). Conclusions Fracture risk may be increased in older men who lose higher ALM relative to FM. Weight loss interventions for obese older men should target maintenance of lean mass.

scholarly journals Combined Effects of Having Sleep Problems and Taking Sleeping Pills on the Skeletal Muscle Mass and Performance of Community-Dwelling Elders

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan-Wei Yang ◽  
Chia-Ing Li ◽  
Tsai-Chung Li ◽  
Chiu-Shong Liu ◽  
Chih-Hsueh Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sleeping Pills ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Performance

Abstract This study aimed to explore the combined effects of having sleep problems and taking sleeping pills on the skeletal muscle mass and performance of community-dwelling elders. A total of 826 participants who have complete information regarding dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry examination, questionnaire, and physical performance tests were included. The status of having sleep problems and taking sleeping pills was assessed with a self-reported questionnaire. The prevalence rates of sleep problems among older men and women were 37.4% and 54.5%, respectively. After multivariate adjustment, the mean height-adjusted skeletal muscle indices for elders having sleep problems and taking sleeping pills among men and women were 7.29 and 5.66 kg/m2, respectively, which were lower than those without sleep problems (P = 0.0021 and P = 0.0175). The performance of the older men having sleep problems and taking sleeping pills in terms of walking speed, grip strength, and number of squats, was poorer than those of the older men without sleep problems. The status of having sleep problems and taking sleeping pills was correlated with low skeletal muscle mass and poor physical performance in community-dwelling elders. These findings suggest that having sleep problems and taking sleeping pills are associated with having sarcopenia among community elderly.

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