scholarly journals STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE dur LOCI IN S. CEREVISIAE: TWO DOMAINS OF A SINGLE MULTIFUNCTIONAL GENE

Genetics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrance G Cooper ◽  
Christine Lam ◽  
Vanessa Turoscy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
The Right ◽  
Chromosome Ii

ABSTRACT In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the degradation of urea to carbon dioxide and ammonia is catalyzed byurea carboxylase and albphanate hydrolase. The loci coding for these enzymes (dur1 and dur2) are very tightly linked an the right arm of chromosome II between pet11 and met8. Pleiotropic mutations that fail to complement mutations in either of the dur loci were found to be predominantly located in or near the dur2 locus. We interpret these data as suggesting that the two dur loci might in reality be domains of a single gene that codes fora multifunctional polypeptide. In view OIthis conclusion, we have renamed the dur loci as the durl,2 locus.

Structural Analysis of Aberrant Chromosomes That Occur Spontaneously in Diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Retrotransposon Ty1 Plays a Crucial Role in Chromosomal Rearrangements

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
Keiko Umezu ◽  
Mina Hiraoka ◽  
Masaaki Mori ◽  
Hisaji Maki
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Yeast Genome ◽  
Complex Construction ◽  
Functional Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
The Right

Abstract The structural analysis of aberrant chromosomes is important for our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying chromosomal rearrangements. We have identified a number of diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae clones that have undergone loss of heterozygosity (LOH) leading to functional inactivation of the hemizygous URA3 marker placed on the right arm of chromosome III. Aberrant-sized chromosomes derived from chromosome III were detected in ~8% of LOH clones. Here, we have analyzed the structure of the aberrant chromosomes in 45 LOH clones with a PCR-based method that determines the ploidy of a series of loci on chromosome III. The alterations included various deletions and amplifications. Sequencing of the junctions revealed that all the breakpoints had been made within repeat sequences in the yeast genome, namely, MAT-HMR, which resulted in intrachromosomal deletion, and retrotransposon Ty1 elements, which were involved in various translocations. Although the translocations involved different breakpoints on different chromosomes, all breakpoints were exclusively within Ty1 elements. Some of the resulting Ty1 elements left at the breakpoints had a complex construction that indicated the involvement of other Ty1 elements not present at the parental breakpoints. These indicate that Ty1 elements are crucially involved in the generation of chromosomal rearrangements in diploid yeast cells.

scholarly journals Reciprocal Chromosome Translocation Between the Left-End 220kb of Chromosome II and the Right-End 270kb of Chromosome X in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Masaharu Takeda ◽  
Takahito Okushiba
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Chromosome Translocation ◽  
Original Strain ◽  
Chromosome X ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Colony Color ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Right ◽  
Chromosome Ii ◽  
Reciprocal Chromosome Translocation

Southern hybridization of chromosomes and the physical mapping of the genes used as several probes on the respective chromosomes II and X showed that the left-end ca. 220kb of chromosome II including ATP1 was exchanged the right-end ca. 270kb of chromosome X including ATP2 resulting the reciprocal chromosome translocation in the yeast strain YNN290, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. YTO290, the mutated strain by the reciprocal chromosome translocation as above described, was changed from red to white of the colony-color, and sizes of chromosome II lengthened from ca. 830kb to ca. 900kb and chromosome X shortened from ca. 760kb to ca. 690kb, respectively, in compared with the original strain YNN290. But, YTO290 strain was the same as the original strain YNN290 for other properties; the nutrient requiring of the genotype, the ploidy, the mitochondrial respiratory activity, the cell-size, and the growth-rate (doubling time), the number of chromosomes in a cell, It should be as a total number of nucleotides (bases) of genome.ATP1 or ATP2 and their neighboring base sequences respectively should be transferred from chromosome II left-end ca. 220kb to chromosome X right-end or chromosome X right-end ca. 270kb to chromosome II left-end accompanying with this reciprocal chromosome translocation. This mutated (the reciprocal chromosomes II and X translocation = exchanged those end-sequences as above described) strain, YTO290, seemed to lead to decrease the stability of the changed chromosomes II and X. The mutated strain, YTO290 might be observed to go back to the respective chromosomes II and X of the original strain, YNN290, in several months later even at 4°C.

scholarly journals A pleiotropic phospholipid biosynthetic regulatory mutation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is allelic to sin3 (sdi1, ume4, rpd1).

Genetics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
K A Hudak ◽  
J M Lopes ◽  
S A Henry
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Null Allele ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Genetic Screen ◽  
Null Mutation ◽  
Structural Genes ◽  
Regulatory Mutation ◽  
Inositol 1 ◽  
Gene Expression Phenotype ◽  
The Right

Abstract Three mutants were identified in a genetic screen using an INO1-lacZ fusion to detect altered INO1 regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These strains harbor mutations that render the cell unable to fully repress expression of INO1, the structural gene for inositol-1-phosphate synthase. The Cpe-(constitutive phospholipid gene expression) phenotype associated with these mutations segregated 2:2, indicating that it was the result of a single gene mutation. The mutations were shown to be recessive and allelic. A strain carrying the tightest of the three alleles was examined in detail and was found to express the set of co-regulated phospholipid structural genes (INO1, CHO1, CHO2 and OP13) constitutively. The Cpe- mutants also exhibited a pleiotropic defect in sporulation. The mutations were mapped to the right arm of chromosome XV, close to the centromere, where it was discovered that they were allelic to the previously identified regulatory mutation sin3 (sdi1, ume4, rpd1, gam2). A sin3 null mutation failed to complement the mutation conferring the Cpe- phenotype. A mutant harboring a sin3 null allele exhibited the same altered INO1 expression pattern observed in strains carrying the Cpe- mutations isolated in this study.

scholarly journals Effects of Mutations of RAD50, RAD51, RAD52, and Related Genes on Illegitimate Recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasumasa Tsukamoto ◽  
Jun-ichi Kato ◽  
Hideo Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Recombination Rate ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Negative Selection ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Illegitimate Recombination ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
In The Wild

Abstract To examine the mechanism of illegitimate recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we have developed a plasmid system for quantitative analysis of deletion formation. A can1 cyh2 cell carrying two negative selection markers, the CAN1 and CYH2 genes, on a YCp plasmid is sensitive to canavanine and cycloheximide, but the cell becomes resistant to both drugs when the plasmid has a deletion over the CAN1 and CYH2 genes. Structural analysis of the recombinant plasmids obtained from the resistant cells showed that the plasmids had deletions at various sites of the CAN1-CYH2 region and there were only short regions of homology (1-5 bp) at the recombination junctions. The results indicated that the deletion detected in this system were formed by illegitimate recombination. Study on the effect of several rad mutations showed that the recombination rate was reduced by 30-, 10-, 10-, and 10-fold in the rad52, rad50, mre11, and xrs2 mutants, respectively, while in the rud51, 54, 55, and 57 mutants, the rate was comparable to that in the wild-type strain. The rad52 mutation did not affect length of homology at junction sites of illegitimate recombination.

Construction of a metabolome library for transcription factor-related single gene mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2014 ◽  
Vol 966 ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zanariah Hashim ◽  
Shao Thing Teoh ◽  
Takeshi Bamba ◽  
Eiichiro Fukusaki
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Single Gene

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide: making the right connection

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Winton Gibbs ◽  
Ross Hofmeyr
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
The Right

The Cloning and Mapping of ADR6, a Gene Required for Sporulation and for Expression of the Alcohol Dehydrogenase II Isozyme From Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Genetics ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-540
Author(s):  
Aileen K W Taguchi ◽  
Elton T Young
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Transcription Unit ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Recessive Mutation ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Upstream Activating Sequence ◽  
A Site

ABSTRACT The alcohol dehydrogenase II (ADH2) gene of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is not transcribed during growth on fermentable carbon sources such as glucose. Growth of yeast cells in a medium containing only nonfermentable carbon sources leads to a marked increase or derepression of ADH2 expression. The recessive mutation, adr6-1, leads to an inability to fully derepress ADH2 expression and to an inability to sporulate. The ADR6 gene product appears to act directly or indirectly on ADH2 sequences 3' to or including the presumptive TATAA box. The upstream activating sequence (UAS) located 5' to the TATAA box is not required for the Adr6- phenotype. Here, we describe the isolation of a recombinant plasmid containing the wild-type ADR6 gene. ADR6 codes for a 4.4-kb RNA which is present during growth both on glucose and on nonfermentable carbon sources. Disruption of the ADR6 transcription unit led to viable cells with decreased ADHII activity and an inability to sporulate. This indicates that both phenotypes result from mutations within a single gene and that the adr6-1 allele was representative of mutations at this locus. The ADR6 gene mapped to the left arm of chromosome XVI at a site 18 centimorgans from the centromere.

Temperature-sensitive forms of large and small invertase in a mutant derived from a SUC1 strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 460-468
Author(s):  
T Mizunaga ◽  
J S Tkacz ◽  
L Rodriguez ◽  
R A Hackel ◽  
J O Lampen
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Parent Strain ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Mutagenic Treatment ◽  
Intracellular Degradation ◽  
Subunit Molecular Weight

Mutagenesis of the sucrose-fermenting (SUC1) Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 4059-358D yielded an invertase-negative mutant (D10). Subsequent mutagenic treatment of D10 gave a sucrose-fermenting revertant (D10-ER1) that contained the same amount of large (mannoprotein) invertase as strain 4059-358D but only trace amounts of the smaller intracellular nonglycosylated enzyme. Limited genetic evidence indicated that the mutations in D10 and D10-ER1 are allelic to the SUC1 gene. The large invertases from D10-ER1 and 4059-358D were purified and compared. The two enzymes have similar specific activity and Km for sucrose, cross-react immunologically, and show the same subunit molecular weight after removal of the carbohydrate with endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidae H. They differ in that the large enzyme from the revertant is rapidly inactivated at 55 degrees C, whereas that from the parent is relatively stable at 65 degrees C. The small invertase in extracts of D10-ER1 is also heat sensitive as compared to the small enzyme from the original parent strain. The low level of small invertase in mutant D10-ER1 may reflect increased intracellular degradation of this heat-labile form. In several crosses of D10-ER1 with strains carrying the SUC1 or SUC3 genes, the temperature sensitivity of the large and small invertases and the low cellular level of small invertase appeared to cosegregate. These findings are evidence that SUC1 is a structural gene for invertase and that both large and small forms are encoded by a single gene. A detailed genetic analysis is presented in a companion paper.

Identification and characterization of the centromere from chromosome XIV in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 2887-2893
Author(s):  
M Neitz ◽  
J Carbon
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Yeast Genome ◽  
Ura3 Gene ◽  
Dna Restriction ◽  
Meiotic Analyses ◽  
The Right ◽  
In Cis

A functional centromere located on a small DNA restriction fragment from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was identified as CEN14 by integrating centromere-adjacent DNA plus the URA3 gene by homologous recombination into the yeast genome and then by localizing the URA3 gene to chromosome XIV by standard tetrad analysis. DNA sequence analysis revealed that CEN14 possesses sequences (elements I, II, and III) that are characteristic of other yeast centromeres. Mitotic and meiotic analyses indicated that the CEN14 function resides on a 259-base-pair (bp) RsaI-EcoRV restriction fragment, containing sequences that extend only 27 bp to the right of the element I to III region. In conjunction with previous findings on CEN3 and CEN11, these results indicate that the specific DNA sequences required in cis for yeast centromere function are contained within a region about 150 bp in length.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document