scholarly journals Premeiotic change of nucleolus organizer size in Neurospora.

Genetics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
D K Butler ◽  
R L Metzenberg
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolus Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolus Organizer ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Tetrad Analysis ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Unequal Crossing Over

Abstract We have investigated the heritability of nucleolus organizer region (NOR) size in Neurospora crassa. By pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, we followed in genetic crosses the size of the normal or "terminal" NORs and the size of a small interstitial NOR. Tetrad analysis revealed that changes in NOR size occur frequently in the sexual phase. Moreover, most size changes occurred in the period between fertilization and meiosis, although some changes occurred during and after meiosis. Unexpectedly, increases and decreases in NOR size were not equally frequent: decreases were more common. The NOR size changes generated during meiosis were not the result of unequal crossing over between NORs on homologous chromosomes.

scholarly journals Expansion and contraction of the nucleolus organizer region of Neurospora: changes originate in both proximal and distal segments.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-333
Author(s):  
D K Butler ◽  
R L Metzenberg
Keyword(s):  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolus Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolus Organizer ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Crossover Point ◽  
Meiotic Crossover

Abstract Previously we have shown that the nucleolus organizer region (NOR) of Neurospora crassa changes size frequently during the premeiotic portion of the sexual phase. Here, we have investigated whether these changes in size originate only in specific regions of the NOR, or are distributed throughout the NOR. In two special strains of Neurospora, the NOR was divided into proximal and distal segments. In the first, the NOR was divided by a translocation breakpoint and, in the second, the NOR was divided by a meiotic crossover point. The two strains were crossed individually to normal sequence tester strains and the sizes of the proximal and distal segments were followed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The analysis of progeny from both crosses indicates that the events affecting NOR size are not limited to a specific region of the NOR. Additionally, we have obtained evidence that the rDNA of N. crassa can undergo unequal sister chromatid exchange.

Mapping of the nucleolus organizer region on chromosome 4 inArabidopsis thaliana

1996 ◽  
Vol 250 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Georg Haberer ◽  
Thilo C. Fischer ◽  
Ramón A. Torres-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolus Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolus Organizer ◽  
Chromosome 4

Hybrid ape offspring of a mating of gibbon and siamang

Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 205 (4403) ◽  
pp. 308-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Myers ◽  
DA Shafer
Keyword(s):  
Parental Species ◽  
Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolus Organizer Region ◽  
Structural Rearrangement ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Nucleolus Organizer ◽  
Single Chromosome ◽  
Symphalangus Syndactylus ◽  
Hylobates Moloch ◽  
Lesser Apes

The serendipitous mating of a male gibbon, Hylobates moloch, and a female siamang, Symphalangus syndactylus, has produced two female offspring born 1 year apart. The hybrid karyotype of 47 chromosomes comprises the haploid complements of the parental species, 22 for the gibbon and 25 for the siamang. Chromosomal G and C banding comparisons revealed no clear homologies between the parental karyotypes except for the single chromosome in each species containing the nucleolus organizer region. The lack of homology suggests that the structural rearrangement of chromosomes has played a major role in the process of speciation for these lesser apes.

scholarly journals The relationship between position and expression of genes on the kangaroo X chromosome suggests a tissue-specific spread of inactivation from a single control site

1988 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Marshall Graves ◽  
Garey W. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolus Organizer Region ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Nucleolus Organizer ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Control Locus ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryIn marsupials, X chromosome inactivation is paternal and incomplete. The tissue-specific pattern of inactivation of X-linked loci (G6PD, PGK, GLA) has been attributed to a piecemeal inactivation of different regions of the X. We here propose an alternative hypothesis, in which inactivation of the marsupial X is a chromosome-wide event, but is differentially regulated in different tissues. This hypothesis was suggested by the relationship between the positions and activity of genes on the kangaroo paternal X. In the absence of an HPRT polymorphism, we have used somatic cell hybridization to assess the activity of the paternal HPRT allele in lymphocytes and fibroblasts. The absence of the paternal X, and of the paternal forms of G6PD or PGK, from 33 cell hybrids made by fusing HPRT-deficient rodent cells with lymphocytes or fibroblasts of heterozygous females, suggests that the HPRT gene on the paternal X is inactive in both tissues and therefore not selectable. Since HPRT is located medially on the Xq near GLA, which shares the same characteristics of activity, we suggest that the locus-specific and tissue-specific patterns of activity result from a differential spread of inactivation from a single control locus, located near HPRT and GLA, outwards in both directions to G6PD and PGK. The nucleolus organizer region on the short arm does not seem to be part of the inactivated unit.

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