scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF THE NATURE OF P-INDUCED MALE RECOMBINATION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-279
Author(s):  
Donald A R Sinclair ◽  
Thomas A Grigliatti
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Chromosomal Distribution ◽  
Mutagenic Potential ◽  
Male Recombination ◽  
Pleiotropic Mutation

ABSTRACT The present study consists of an investigation of P-induced male recombination in Drosophila melanogaster from a number of perspectives. In an initial set of experiments, male recombination induced by several different P strains was examined on both major autosomes. The ability of these P strains to evoke recombination is striking; in many cases it exceeded that of radiation treatment. Also of interest is the apparent nonrandom chromosomal distribution of P-exchange breakpoints. The data suggest that both recombinagenic capacity and distribution pattern of exchange breakpoints may be P-strain specific. In addition to these findings, we have confirmed previous indications that P-induced exchange is reasonably symmetrical and that it frequently occurs during premeiotic stages of spermatogenesis. Moreover, we have established that radiation and P background act additively with regard to the induction of male recombination. The second part of the work involved an analysis of heterochromatic vs. euchromatic recombination induced by several recombinagenically potent P strains. Results of these experiments have confirmed our earlier findings concerning the recombinagenic capacity of P strains. More importantly, it would appear that P-induced exchange in heterochromatin is rare. The induction of various kinds of mutations was also monitored in several of these experiments. The results indicate that the mutagenic potential of the P strains is substantial and of particular interest, that certain types of mutations are P-strain specific. For example, rare heterochromatic lesions were recovered exclusively in the experiment using the h12 strain, whereas a novel pleiotropic mutation occurred at a high frequency only in the T-007 experiment. Our findings are discussed within the context of a model of P-induced exchange.

scholarly journals RECOMBINATION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER MALE

Genetics ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-444
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Hiraizumi ◽  
Barton Slatko ◽  
Charles Langley ◽  
Annegreth Nill
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Centromeric Region ◽  
Frequent Occurrence ◽  
Complementary Products ◽  
Male Recombination ◽  
Considerable Fraction ◽  
The Third

ABSTRACT T-007 strain of Drosophila melanogaster is known to show recombination in males. The present study established the following points: (1) Clustering occurrence of recombinant, unequal recovery of complementary products of recombination, relatively high frequency of recombination around centromeric region, and relatively frequent occurrence of mosaic phenontype flies—all of these seem to indicate that a considerable fraction of male recombination in the T-007 strain is of premeiotic, or somatic origin, although a fraction still could be of meiotic origin; (2) Male recombination occurs in the third as well as in the second chromosomes, and the frequencies of recombinations are comparable between these two chromosome pairs.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the hobo transposable element in transgenic lines of Drosophila melanogaster

2001 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. LADEVEZE ◽  
S. AULARD ◽  
N. CHAMINADE ◽  
C. BIEMONT ◽  
G. PERIQUET ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Transposable Element ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Chromosomal Distribution ◽  
Extensive Survey ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Insertion Sites ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the hobo transposable element in global reorganization of the Drosophila melanogaster genome has been investigated in transgenic lines generated by injection of hobo elements into the Hikone strain, which lacked them. In the present extensive survey, the chromosomal distribution of hobo insertion sites in the line 28 was found to be homogeneous and similar for all chromosomal arms, except 3L, when compared with other transgenic lines. However, some original features were observed in this line at the genetic and chromosomal levels. Several hotspots of insertion sites were observed on the X, second and third chromosomes. Five sites with a high frequency of hobo insertions were present on the 3L arm in most individuals tested, suggesting the action of selection for hobo element in some sites. The presence of doublets or triplet was also observed, implying that hobo inserts can show local jumps or insertions in preferred regions. This local transposition occurred independently in 11 specific genomic regions in many individuals and generations. The dynamics of this phenomenon were analysed across generations. These results support the use of the hobo system as an important tool in fundamental and applied Drosophila genetics.

scholarly journals A MODEL OF THE NEGATIVE CORRELATION BETWEEN MALE RECOMBINATION AND TRANSMISSION FREQUENCY IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-459
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Hiraizumi
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Excellent Agreement ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Male Recombination ◽  
Transmission Frequency ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Sperm Dysfunction

ABSTRACT A model is proposed to account for the phenomenon of negative correlation between male recombination (θ) and transmission frequency (k) in Drosophila melanogaster. The model assumes that, in some stage or stages of development, the male recombination elements cause a particular event that does not occur in normal males and that this event, in turn, induces with certain probabilities male recombination and/or sperm dysfunction. The regression equations of θ on k predicted by the model were compared with those actually observed. There was generally excellent agreement between them.

scholarly journals Selective sweep near the In(2L)t inversion breakpoint in an African population of Drosophila melanogaster

2000 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANTZ DEPAULIS ◽  
LIONEL BRAZIER ◽  
SYLVAIN MOUSSET ◽  
ANNE TURBE ◽  
MICHEL VEUILLE
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Selection Effect ◽  
West African ◽  
African Population ◽  
Inversion Breakpoint ◽  
Major Haplotype ◽  
Selective Forces ◽  
Significant Deficit ◽  
Proximal Breakpoint

Chromosomal inversions largely inhibit recombination and may be associated with selective forces, such as hitch-hiking effects: the effect of positive selection on linked loci. A West African population of Drosophila melanogaster showed a high frequency (0·61) of the In(2L)t inversion. Departure from neutrality statistically associated with the inversion polymorphism was previously recorded at Su(H), a locus distant from the proximal breakpoint of the inversion. These results were consistent with hitch-hiking effects with recombination. The present sequence polymorphism survey involves a 1 kb fragment of the Vha68-1 locus located closer to the proximal breakpoint of the inversion. It shows a significant deficit of polymorphism with respect to divergence when compared with other loci studied in the same population, thus suggesting selective effects. Only 11 polymorphic sites are present in a sample of 20 chromosomes and these sites present a significant excess of rare-frequency variants. The major haplotype shows an unexpectedly high frequency. Our estimate of the background selection effect is not sufficient to account for the observed reduction of polymorphism. Intraspecific variation is structured between inverted and standard chromosomes; there are no shared polymorphisms but also no fixed differences between them. This pattern, together with that found on other loci previously studied near this inversion breakpoint, suggests hitch-hiking effects enhanced by the inversion.

scholarly journals An estimate of heterosis in Drosophila melanogaster

1971 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Sved
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Marker Chromosome ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Set Up

SUMMARYTwenty-five population cages of D. melanogaster were set up, each containing a different wild-type second chromosome and the marker chromosome Cy. In all but one case where contamination apparently occurred, the Cy chromosome persisted in the population at high frequency, showing a selective advantage of Cy/ + heterozygotes over wild-type homozygotes. Overall, the results indicate that homozygosity of the entire second chromosome causes a depression in fitness of the order of 85%.

scholarly journals Characterization of natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster with regard to the hobo system: a new hypothesis on the invasion

1997 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIC BONNIVARD ◽  
DOMINIQUE HIGUET ◽  
CLAUDE BAZIN
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Male Recombination ◽  
System A ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
New Hypothesis

Until now, with regard to the hobo system of hybrid dysgenesis, natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster have been investigated using only two criteria: at the molecular level, the presence or absence of XhoI fragments 2·6 kb long or smaller; and/or at the genetic level, the ability to induce gonadal dysgenesis sterility in crosses A (females of an E reference strain crossed with males under test) and A* (females under test crossed with males of an H reference strain). Recently, analyses of laboratory strains using these criteria as well as the mobilization of two reporter genes, the male recombination and the number of ‘TPE’ repeats in the S region, revealed a lack of correlation between the different dysgenic parameters themselves, and also between these parameters and the molecular characteristics of the strains. Thirteen current strains derived from world populations were therefore investigated with regard to all these dysgenic traits, to determine discriminating criteria providing a robust method of classifying natural populations and deducing the dynamics of hobo elements in these populations. We show, as in laboratory strains, a lack of correlation between the parameters studied. Therefore, the significance of each of them as well as the nature of hobo hybrid dysgenesis are discussed, to propose an analysis method of the hobo system applicable to natural populations. According to the geographical distribution of hobo activities in world populations and to the variable polymorphism of the number of ‘TPE’ repeats, we propose a new scenario for the invasion of D. melanogaster by hobo elements.

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