scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequencing of a 900-Year-Old Human Skeleton Supports Two Past Migration Events from the Russian Far East to Northern Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiro Sato ◽  
Noboru Adachi ◽  
Ryosuke Kimura ◽  
Kazuyoshi Hosomichi ◽  
Minoru Yoneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Population History ◽  
Hla Typing ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Northern Japan

Abstract Recent studies on paleogenomics have reported some Paleolithic and Neolithic genomes that have provided new insights into the human population history in East and Northeast Asia. However, there remain some cases where more recent migration events need to be examined to elucidate the detailed formation process of local populations. Although the area around northern Japan is one of the regions archaeologically suggested to have been affected by migration waves after the Neolithic period, the genetic source of these migrations are still unclear. Thus, genomic data from such past migrant populations would be highly informative to clarify the detailed formation process of local populations in this region. Here, we report the genome sequence of a 900-year-old adult female (NAT002) belonging to the prehistoric Okhotsk people, who have been considered to be the past migrants to northern Japan after the Neolithic period. We found a close relationship between NAT002 and modern Lower Amur populations and past admixture events between the Amur, Jomon, and Kamchatka ancestries. The admixture dating suggested migration of Amur-related ancestry at approximately 1,600 BP, which is compatible with the archaeological evidence regarding the settlement of the Okhotsk people. Our results also imply migration of Kamchatka-related ancestry at approximately 2,000 BP. In addition, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing detected the HLA-B*40 allele, which is reported to increase the risk of arthritis, suggesting the genetic vulnerability of NAT002 to hyperostosis, which was observed around her chest clavicle.

scholarly journals Forests of Japanese alder in the Russian Far East: the new association of the class Alnetea japonicae Miyawaki et al. 1977

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirill A. Korznikov ◽  
◽  
Valentina P. Verkholat ◽  
Pavel V. Krestov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Coastal Plains ◽  
Alnus Japonica ◽  
Lateral Inflow ◽  
New Association ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
Hokkaido Island ◽  
Northern Japan ◽  
The Russian Far East

We describe the new association Lycopo lucidi–Alnetum japonicae Korznikov, Verkholat & Krestov 2021 ass. nov. of the Alnus japonica swampy forests of the coastal plains and river valleys in the south of the Primorye Territory of Russia. The association includes two subassociations: Lycopo lucidi–Alnetum japonicae typicum Korznikov, Verkholat & Krestov 2021 subass. nov. and the preliminary delineated Lycopo lucidi–Alnetum japonicae betuletosum davuricae subass. prov. developing on gently sloping foothills with a lateral inflow of moisture and is transitional to zonal broad-leaved forests of the class Quercetea mongolicae Song ex Krestov et al. 2006. The association is classified to the alliance Fraxino–Alnion japonicae Miyawaki et al. 1977 described from Japan and belonging to the order Alnetalia japonicae Miyawaki et al. 1977 and the class Alnetea japonicae Miyawaki et al. 1977. We also validate the name of the association Stellario longifoliae–Alnetum japonicae Ohno in Miyawaki 1988 nom. inval. (art. 5) from Hokkaido Island, Northern Japan.

scholarly journals Molecular and cytological evidences denied the immediate-hybrid hypothesis for Saxifraga yuparensis (sect. Bronchiales, Saxifragaceae) endemic to Mt. Yubari in Hokkaido, northern Japan

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAYA TAMURA ◽  
TOMOKO FUKUDA ◽  
ELENA A. PIMENOVA ◽  
EKATERINA A. PETRUNENKO ◽  
PAVEL V. KRESTOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Coordinate Space ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Snp Data ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Bayesian Criteria ◽  
Northern Japan

SAYA TAMURA, TOMOKO FUKUDA, ELENA A. PIMENOVA, EKATERINA A. PETRUNENKO, PAVEL V. KRESTOV, SVETLANA N. BONDARCHUK, OLGA A. CHERNYAGINA, YOSHIHISA SUYAMA, YOSHIHIRO TSUNAMOTO, AYUMU MATSUO, HAYATO TSUBOI, HIDEKI TAKAHASHI, KEN SATO, YOKO NISHIKAWA, TAKASHI SHIMAMURA, HIROKO FUJITA & KOH NAKAMURA An alpine plant Saxifraga yuparensis is endemic to a scree consisting of greenschist of Mt. Yubari in Hokkaido, Japan and it has been proposed as an immediate hybrid derived from two species of the same section Bronchiales based on morphological intermediacy: namely S. nishidae, a diploid species endemic to a nearby cliff composed of greenschist and tetraploid S. rebunshirensis comparatively broadly distributed in Japan and Russian Far East. Saxifraga yuparensis is red-listed and it is crucial for conservation planning to clarify whether this is an immediate hybrid and lacks a unique gene pool. The immediate-hybrid hypothesis was tested by molecular and cytological data. In nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast DNA trees based on maximum parsimony and Bayesian criteria, S. yuparensis and S. rebunshirensis formed a clade with several other congeners while S. nishidae formed another distinct clade. Genome-wide SNP data clearly separated these three species in principal coordinate space, placing S. yuparensis not in-between of S. rebunshirensis and S. nishidae. Chromosome observation indicated that S. yuparensis is tetraploid, not triploid directly derived from diploid-tetraploid crossing. Additionally, observation of herbarium specimens revealed that leaf apex shape of S. yuparensis fell within the variation of S. rebunshirensis. These results indicate that S. yuparensis is not an immediate hybrid of S. rebunshirensis and S. nishidae but a distinct lineage and an extremely narrow endemic species, that deserves for intensive conservation.

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