scholarly journals Impact of forest fire on occurrence of Heterobasidion annosum s.s. root rot and other wood-inhabiting fungi in roots of Pinus mugo

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lygis ◽  
I. Vasiliauskaite ◽  
J. Stenlid ◽  
R. Vasaitis
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Pinus Mugo

Impact of root-rot pathogens on forest succession in unmanaged Pinus mugo stands in the Central Alps

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 2666-2674 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bendel ◽  
F Kienast ◽  
D Rigling ◽  
H Bugmann
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Central Alps ◽  
Swiss National Park ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
The Impact

In the mountain pine (Pinus mugo subsp. uncinata (DC.) Domin) forests of the Swiss National Park in the Central Alps, disease centers associated with the root-rot fungi Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. and Armillaria spp. are characteristic elements. We assessed the impact of these pathogens on forest dynamics by studying transects running across disease centers into the adjacent forest. Overall, mountain pine was the most abundant regenerating tree species and accounted for 84% of all seedlings (<20 cm high) and 93% of all saplings (20–130 cm high), whereas Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) was less frequent (15% seedlings : 7% saplings). The density of mountain pine seedlings did not differ significantly between the disease centers and the adjacent forest, whereas mountain pine saplings were more frequent within the disease centers, indicating that growth from the seedling to the sapling stage was favoured in disease centers. There was significantly more dead wood and a greater diversity of plant species in the disease centers than in the adjacent forest. The results suggest that root-rot fungi slow down succession towards stands with a higher proportion of P. cembra by causing premature mortality of mountain pines and creating disease centers with dense mountain pine regeneration.

Planting Betula pendula on pine sites infested by Heterobasidion annosum: disease transfer, silvicultural evaluation, and community of wood-inhabiting fungi

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaidotas Lygis ◽  
Rimvydas Vasiliauskas ◽  
Jan Stenlid
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Somatic Incompatibility ◽  
Forest Sites

Persistence of the root rot pathogen Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. s.s. on infested areas and its transfer to a forest regeneration was studied in three forest sites in eastern Lithuania. The sites represented H. annosum disease centres in Pinus sylvestris L. stands, which were clear-felled and replanted with Betula pendula Roth 25 years prior to our study. Fungal isolation from trees and stumps on each site was performed on both replanted B. pendula and surrounding P. sylvestris from the previous generation. Low productivity of B. pendula stands (45.0–76.1 m3·ha–1), high mortality rates, and comparatively low vigor of trees (measured as crown densities) indicated a strong impact of root rot. Based on somatic incompatibility tests, we detected large spreading areas of clones of H. annosum (up to 48 m across) and old (35- to 40-year-old) clonal individuals. Territorial clones covered areas that encompassed both previous stands of P. sylvestris and current stands of B. pendula. Our results showed that H. annosum is able to persist in root systems of diseased trees for decades and readily attack birch replanted on infested sites. In addition, a total of 83 fungal species (out of 398 isolates) was found as a result of sampling 508 B. pendula, 49 P. sylvestris, 21 Juniperus communis L., and 1 Salix cinerea L. trees.

scholarly journals Infection and spread of root rot caused by Heterobasidion spp. in Pinus contorta plantations in Northern Europe: three case studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 969-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zaļuma ◽  
I. Muižnieks ◽  
T. Gaitnieks ◽  
N. Burņeviča ◽  
Ā. Jansons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Clonal Spread

This study investigated the origins and spread patterns of Heterobasidion root disease in three Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loudon plantations established on forest and agricultural land and subjected to three different management scenarios. Trees with decline symptoms and stumps remaining from the previous rotation were sampled for fungal isolations. Ten isolates of Heterobasidion parviporum Niemelä & Korhonen and 425 of Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. were tested for clonality through somatic compatibility tests. The following conclusions were reached: (i) P. contorta is highly susceptible to H. annosum and H. parviporum and both pathogens cause dieback of P. contorta; (ii) H. annosum from previous-rotation P. sylvestris stumps can effectively transfer to P. contorta; (iii) the pathogens may form constantly expanding territorial clones; (iv) basidiospores of both pathogens colonise stumps of P. contorta (primary infections); (v) H. parviporum clones expanded more slowly than clones of H. annosum; (vi) clonal spread proceeded more quickly from stumps with established secondary infections than from stumps with primary infections; (vii) H. annosum can persist in pine stumps for at least 26 years; and (viii) stump treatment should be considered to control Heterobasidion primary infections.

scholarly journals Resistance of Scots pine half-sib families to Heterobasidion annosum in progeny field trials

Silva Fennica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adas Marčiulynas ◽  
Vaida Sirgedaitė-Šėžienė ◽  
Povilas Žemaitis ◽  
Āris Jansons ◽  
Virgilijus Baliuckas
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Sib Families

Five Scots pine ( L.) progeny field trials, each established in different Lithuanian regions of provenance in 1983, were studied. Each progeny field trial consists of 140 half-sib families from seven populations (20 families from each population). The evaluation was carried out in 2012 and 2018 to assess the families resistance to (Fr.) Bref. An index of resistance in the infected plots was calculated. To verify the accuracy of the method, total phenolic compounds (TPC) was chosen as key parameter to compare with the plant resistance index. During the six years between the two assessments, the percentage of living Scots pine trees in the progeny field trials decreased up to 20 percentage points (range: 4 p.p. to 20 p.p.). In 2018 the area of damaged plots (in percentage from total field trial area) varied from 17 to 27%. Tree mortality in the trial correlates with site soil fertility – more fertile soils were distinguished by higher tree percentage loss and . Using analysis from combined data of all progeny trials, the family variance component reached 13.3 ± 2.2% and family heritability was 0.81. Family heritability estimates for root rot resistance show possibilities of high breeding effectiveness. The correlations between the trials in family resistance estimates were negligible (ranging from 0 to 0.28). The significant high correlation coefficient was determined between the resistance index and TPC concentration ( = 0.77,  = 0.0003). This allows us to assume that plant resistance is directly linked on TPC synthesis. The results indicate that the chosen methods of chemical resistance for identification of root rot-resistant genotypes are applicable for the selection of Scots pine half-sib families in the field trials with higher resistance to pathogens.Pinus sylvestrisHeterobasidion annosumH. annosumvice versarp

scholarly journals High Seedling Mortality of Scots Pine Caused by Heterobasidion annosum s.s.

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1289
Author(s):  
Tuula Piri ◽  
Eeva J. Vainio ◽  
Heikki Nuorteva ◽  
Jarkko Hantula
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Secondary Spread ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Pine Regeneration

This study provides new information on the infection biology and pathogenicity of an important root-rot fungus, Heterobasidion annosum sensu stricto (Fr.) Bref., through a detailed examination of the vegetative spread of clonal individuals and their capacity to produce fruiting bodies on young pine seedlings. The seedlings were planted in a clear-cutting area (c. 1.2 ha in size) after a pine generation that showed slight external symptoms of Heterobasidion root rot. The first dead seedlings were found five years after planting and during a nine-year monitoring period; nearly 600 seedlings were killed by H. annosum s.s. in 48 individual disease centers. Based on pairing tests of 482 isolates, 117 different H. annosum s.s. genotypes were identified. On average, 2.9 genotypes occurred in a single disease center. The extensive secondary spread of genotypes within root systems (up to 48 pine seedlings infected by the same genotype) resulted in annually expanding disease centers. In addition, more than half of the seedlings killed by H. annosum s.s. produced perennial fruiting bodies thus providing air-borne inoculum. The risk of spore infection should be taken into account in any type of cutting operation in young pine stands. Moreover, new control measures directed towards the secondary spread of H. annosum s.s. in pine regeneration are urgently needed in order to maintain the productivity of the pine forest on infested sites.

Impact of Annosus Root Rot Minimal 22 Years After Planting Pines on Root Rot Infested Sites

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Kuhlman
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Mortality due to annosus root rot among trees of seven species on two sites was 6% or less by age ten. Previous stands on these sites had been clearcut because the disease was widespread. After 22 years neither basidiocarps of Heterobasidion annosum nor trees with symptoms of annosus root rot were present in the plantations. Planted seedlings of loblolly (Pinus taeda L.), longleaf (P. palustris Mill.), slash (P. elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii), and eastern white (P. strobus L.) pines survived well and at age 22 provided fully stocked to overstocked stands with good basal area and average dbh. Plots direct seeded with loblolly were fully stocked, whereas seeded slash and longleaf plots have always been poorly stocked. Annosus root rot is not a serious threat to regeneration on annosus infested sites. South J. Appl. For. 10:96-98, May 1986.

Comparison of RAPD technique and somatic incompatibility tests for the identification of Phlebiopsis gigantea strains

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 2097-2104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geneviève Roy ◽  
Martine Cormier ◽  
Michel Dessureault ◽  
Richard C. Hamelin
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Somatic Incompatibility ◽  
Rapd Profile ◽  
Phlebiopsis Gigantea ◽  
Combined Use

Somatic incompatibility assays and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis were assessed and compared for use in monitoring the survival of introduced strains of Phlebiopsis gigantea, a fungal biocontrol agent used against Heterobasidion annosum root rot. Overall there was concordance between the two methods. All incompatible strains exhibited different RAPD profiles whilst compatible ones, with two exceptions, had the same RAPD profile. Somatic incompatibility tests and RAPD profiles generated by three primers, from which 11 markers were retained, could distinguish field-tested strains from among 60 strains from a population collected in Quebec and Ontario. Furthermore, both methods allowed us to clearly demonstrate the presence of inoculated strains 1 year after treatment. The combined use of these techniques provides a valuable tool for discriminating between different P. gigantea strains and conducting epidemiological studies. Key words: Heterobasidion annosum, vegetative incompatibility, random amplified polymorphic DNA, biological control, Pinus resinosa.

scholarly journals Population structure of a novel putative mycovirus infecting the conifer root-rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato

Virology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 422 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva J. Vainio ◽  
Rafiqul Hyder ◽  
Gülden Aday ◽  
Everett Hansen ◽  
Tuula Piri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum
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