scholarly journals Spruce and beech as local determinants of forest fungal community structure in litter, humus and mineral soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Asplund ◽  
Håvard Kauserud ◽  
Mikael Ohlson ◽  
Line Nybakken
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Fungal Community Structure

Response of microbial processes and fungal community structure to vegetation management in mixedwood forest soils

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 2002-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
APC Houston ◽  
S Visser ◽  
R A Lautenschlager
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Vegetation Management ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Microbial Processes ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Decomposer Fungi

Previous research to determine the impacts of harvesting and site preparation on microbial processes and decomposer fungi in mixedwood forests indicated that effects were minimal. As an extension to this research, the present study was conducted to evaluate if microbial processes and decomposer fungi were sensitive to manual or chemical vegetation management in addition to harvesting and site preparation. The impact of vegetation management on microbial processes and decomposer fungi was examined in organic and mineral soil from harvested sites in northwestern Ontario. Three vegetation management treatments were applied to three clear-cut and prepared sites 2 years prior to the initiation of the study. Four treatments were established within each site: (i) harvested (control), (ii) glyphosate herbicide (Vision®), (iii) triclopyr herbicide (Release®), and (iv) manually operated brushsaws. The objective of the study was to determine the response of basal respiration, microbial biomass C, metabolic quotients (qCO2), microbial carbon : soil organic carbon ratio (Cmic/Corg), nitrogen mineralization, and fungal community structure to vegetation management by chemical and manual means. Relative to the harvested control, vegetation management had no significant impact on fungal community structure as evidenced through rank abundance curves and indices of fungal community richness, diversity, evenness, or dominance. Although the abundances of the majority of fungal species were not impacted by vegetation management, herbicide and brushsaw use decreased the isolation frequencies of Mortierella vinacea (Dixon-Stewart) and Paecilomyces carneus (Duché and Heim) Brown and Smith, respectively. Occurrence of Paecilomyces carneus was significantly greater in the organic soil than in the mineral soil of the harvested control, but this difference was not detectable in the blocks that had undergone vegetation management. Two years after vegetation management was imposed there were no detectable effects on basal respiration, microbial biomass C, qCO2, Cmic/Corg, or nitrogen mineralization in either the organic or mineral soil layers as compared with measurements made in the harvested control plots.Key words: harvesting, herbicide, brushsaw, fungal community, microbial processes.

Microbial processes and fungal community structure in soils from clear-cut and unharvested areas of two mixedwood forests

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
APC Houston ◽  
S Visser ◽  
R A Lautenschlager
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Microbial Processes ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Mixedwood Forests ◽  
The Impact

Decomposer fungi and microbial processes were examined in harvested and adjacent unharvested areas of two mixedwood forests in northwestern Ontario. Seven to 9 years following harvesting, organic and mineral soil from treated and control areas was sampled with the objective of examining the impact of clear-cutting and site preparation on soil basal respiration, microbial biomass carbon (C), metabolic quotients (qCO2), microbial C to organic C ratios (Cmic:Corg), nitrogen mineralization, and fungal community structure. Relative sensitivity of fungal community indices at species and genus levels was also examined. Soil microbial processes and fungal community structure were similar in harvested and unharvested stands. Although reductions were not significant, basal respiration, microbial biomass C, qCO2, Cmic:Corg, and nitrogen mineralization tended to be lower in organic soil from the harvested sites than the unharvested sites, with the exception of qCO2. Fungal community structure indicated by rank abundance curves and indices of fungal richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance was similar in harvested and unharvested soil. When comparing organic and mineral soil layers, fungal richness, diversity, and community composition corresponded more closely in the harvested sites than unharvested sites. The isolation frequencies of all frequently found fungal species were equivalent in harvested and unharvested soil. In this study, identifying fungi to the genus level instead of the species level did not alter any major conclusions.Key words: harvesting, fungal community, microbial processes.

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal fungal community structure in tropical humid soils under fallow and cropping conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Jemo ◽  
Driss Dhiba ◽  
Abeer Hashem ◽  
Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah ◽  
Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Fungal Community Structure

scholarly journals Common garden experiments disentangle plant genetic and environmental contributions to ectomycorrhizal fungal community structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 221 (1) ◽  
pp. 493-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adair Patterson ◽  
Lluvia Flores-Rentería ◽  
Amy Whipple ◽  
Thomas Whitham ◽  
Catherine Gehring
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Community ◽  
Common Garden Experiments

scholarly journals Water-Covered Depth with the Freeze–Thaw Cycle Influences Fungal Communities on Rice Straw Decomposition

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Lin ◽  
Zongmu Yao ◽  
Xinguang Wang ◽  
Shangqi Xu ◽  
Chunjie Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Straw Decomposition ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Thaw Cycle ◽  
Freeze Thaw Cycle ◽  
Rice Straw Decomposition

Rice is a staple food for the world’s population. However, the straw produced by rice cultivation is not used sufficiently. Returning rice straw to the field is an effective way to help reduce labor and protect the soil. This study focused on the effect of water-covered depth with the freeze–thaw cycle on rice straw decomposition and the soil fungal community structure in a field in Northeast China. The field and controlled experiments were designed, and the fungal ITS1 region was tested by high-throughput sequencing for analyzing the fungal communities in this study. The results showed that water coverage with the freeze–thaw cycle promoted the decomposition of rice straw and influenced the fungal community structure; by analyzing the network of the fungal communities, it was found that the potential keystone taxa were Penicillium, Talaromyces, Fusarium, and Aspergillus in straw decomposition; and the strains with high beta-glucosidase, carboxymethyl cellulase, laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase could also be isolated in the treated experiment. Furthermore, plant pathogenic fungi were found to decrease in the water-covered treatment. We hope that our results can help in rice production and straw return in practice.

scholarly journals Comparison of rhizosphere soil microbial diversity of different introduced alfalfa varieties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhui Ma ◽  
Jiangjiao Qi ◽  
Xue Yu ◽  
Lihe Su ◽  
Tingting He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Desert Soil ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Fungal Community Structure

Abstract Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage legume in farming and animal husbandry systems. In this study, MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was applied to assess the relationship between bacterial and fungal community structures and alfalfa growth characteristics and soil physical and chemical properties induced by different cultivars alfalfa (Victoria, Kangsai, Aohan) in the grey desert soil. The results showed that the diversity of bacterial and fungal in Victoria was higher, and the bacterial diversity was significantly lower for alfalfa with Aohan than for the others, and the fungal diversity was lower for alfalfa with Kangsai than for the others. Heatmap showed that total nitrogen, fresh weight, pH and organic have significantly affect fungal community structure, whereas pH and organic carbon also significant effects on bacterial community structure. LefSe analysis showed that the growth adaptability of introduced alfalfa is mainly related to fungal and bacterial species, and the beneficial microorganisms with significant differences and relative high abundance are significantly enriched in Victoria. Pathogens with high relative abundance are mainly concentrated in Aohan alfalfa soil. Based on our findings, Victoria is the high-yield alfalfa suitable for planting in gray desert soil, while planting Kangsai and Aohan alfalfa needs probiotic for adjuvant.

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