Assessing the redistributive impact of the 2013 CAP reforms: an EU-wide panel study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Redistributive Policies ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Direct Payments ◽  
Using Data

Abstract This paper analyses the effects of the 2013 Common Agricultural Policy reforms on the distribution of direct payments across the European Union (EU) member states. The differential implementation of two key redistributive policies across countries from 2014 onwards enables the use of a generalised difference-in-differences strategy to estimate their distributional effects. Using data on EU-wide direct payment recipients reveals a substantial negative impact on the largest payment recipients and significant redistribution towards smaller farmers. A disaggregated analysis suggests that of the two instruments, capping, though still an attractive option for policymakers, is less effective at redistributing subsidies towards smaller farmers than the Redistributive Payment Scheme.

Political aspects of security of the European Union Member States

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kusztykiewicz-Fedurek
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Political Security ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Eu

Political security is very often considered through the prism of individual states. In the scholar literature in-depth analyses of this kind of security are rarely encountered in the context of international entities that these countries integrate. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to key aspects of political security in the European Union (EU) Member States. The EU as a supranational organisation, gathering Member States first, ensures the stability of the EU as a whole, and secondly, it ensures that Member States respect common values and principles. Additionally, the EU institutions focus on ensuring the proper functioning of the Eurozone (also called officially “euro area” in EU regulations). Actions that may have a negative impact on the level of the EU’s political security include the boycott of establishing new institutions conducive to the peaceful coexistence and development of states. These threats seem to have a significant impact on the situation in the EU in the face of the proposed (and not accepted by Member States not belonging to the Eurogroup) Eurozone reforms concerning, inter alia, appointment of the Minister of Economy and Finance and the creation of a new institution - the European Monetary Fund.

Polityka klimatyczno-energetyczna Unii Europejskiej

2014 ◽  
pp. 104-121
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kułaga
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Climate Protection ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Climate And Energy Policy

The article is devoted to the subject of the goals of the climate and energy policy of the European Union, which can have both a positive, and a negative impact on the environmental and energy policies. Positive aspects are the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, diversification of energy supplies, which should improve Europe independence from energy imports, and increasing the share of renewable energy sources (RES) in the national energy system structures. On the other hand, overly ambitious targets and actions can lead to large losses for the economies of EU Member States. The article also highlights the realities prevailing in the international arena and noncompliance of international actors with global agreements on climate protection.

scholarly journals Energy Losses Due to Imperfect Payment Infrastructure and Payment Instruments

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8213
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Melnychenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Customers

One of the strategic objectives of the European Union is a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and improvement of energy efficiency by at least 32.5% in different areas of the economy by 2030. However, little is known about the impact of payment in retail on energy consumption. The purpose of this paper is to assess the chain of losses of time and energy, and therefore financial losses, that occur due to the imperfection of payment infrastructure and instruments using data of cashiers’ working time. The research is based on a regression analysis method, where the energy cost per payment transaction is considered in this study as a function of the number of customers per hour and the energy cost. The results of the panel models highlight that the number of customers per hour has a negative impact on the cost of energy per payment transaction. Furthermore, modern means and methods of payment, including cryptocurrencies, do not solve the problem of the excessive time that it takes to service payments, which entails a waste of energy and money. The empirical results give valuable insights into how to best organise payment in retail to achieve lower energy costs and improve energy efficiency in payment infrastructure.

scholarly journals Images and identity: Children constructing a sense of belonging to Europe

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Healy ◽  
Mary Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Citizenship Education ◽  
Development Project ◽  
European Identity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
State Education ◽  
Conventional School ◽  
Using Data ◽  
School Curricula

The European Framework for Key Competences (2006) promotes a shared European identity as a priority for assuring a cohesive future for the European Union (EU), yet the development of a discrete European identity remains acutely contentious, with critics claiming it is too shallow to support the bonds of solidarity needed to engender and support a shared ‘future together’. Most EU member states now have some sort of citizenship curriculum within their state education systems and most are aware that such programmes are difficult to introduce, to teach and to assess within conventional school curricula. However, much of the citizenship education literature tells us that educators are conscious of the problematic nature of exploring citizenship identities. Drawing on both philosophical perspectives and an empirical investigation undertaken by one of the authors, this paper argues that issues of belonging may prove a useful way to explore wider conceptions of citizenship. The research was designed to examine how visual art and citizenship education could be combined to explore and extend children’s notions of European identity, using data from Images & Identity, an EU-funded 2-year curriculum development project on citizenship and art education in the Czech Republic, England, Ireland, Germany, Malta and Portugal.

scholarly journals Ohio LEED Schools and Academic Performance: A Panel Study, 2006–2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Thombs ◽  
Allen Prindle
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Department Of Education ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Green Schools ◽  
School Based ◽  
Using Data

This study investigates the effect that Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) had on academic performance using a difference-in-differences (DID) estimator using data from the years 2006–2016. By obtaining data from the Ohio Department of Education and the Ohio Facilities Construction Commission, this investigation examines the effect that LEED design had on the Student Performance Index for schools that opened in the year 2012. Each LEED school was matched with a non-LEED school based on several criteria. The study determined that LEED did not have an impact on the Student Performance Index. Though we find no relationship, green schools do provide educational opportunities that standard buildings do not. We suggest that the state of Ohio should take advantage of potentially untapped opportunities in their green schools program that could enhance both social and ecological sustainability.

scholarly journals Effects of Neighborhood Discrimination Towards Mainland Immigrants on Mental Health in Hong Kong

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1025
Author(s):  
Juan Chen ◽  
Zhonglu Li ◽  
Duoduo Xu ◽  
Xiaogang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Using Data

Using data from a representative sample of Chinese adults who were surveyed in the Hong Kong Panel Study of Social Dynamics (HKPSSD), we estimate the effects of neighborhood discrimination towards immigrants from Mainland China on the mental health of Chinese residents in Hong Kong. Contrary to our expectations, discrimination towards immigrants from Mainland China measured at the neighborhood level is not associated with the poor mental health of post-1997 immigrants; instead, a higher level of immigrant discrimination is associated with a lower level of psychological distress for both post-1997 Mainland immigrants and other Chinese residents in Hong Kong. A functional family also appears to be a consistent predictor of better mental health for both groups. Our findings, therefore, suggest that immigrant discrimination can signify a prejudice that leads to social distance or avoidance and that the post-1997 Mainland immigrants do not have extensive contact with other local residents in Hong Kong. Although local residents’ discriminatory attitudes may not result in aggressive behaviors that have a negative impact on newcomers’ mental health, the social distance between the immigrants and the local residents is still an issue that requires further research and practical attention.

scholarly journals Illiberal democratic attitudes and support for the EU

Politics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 026339572097597
Author(s):  
Wouter van der Brug ◽  
Sebastian Adrian Popa ◽  
Sara B Hobolt ◽  
Hermann Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Weak Link ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Democratic Attitudes ◽  
European Election ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Mass Attitudes ◽  
Eu Support ◽  
The Eu

Are those who support the core values of liberal democracy also more likely to support the European Union? In this article, we study the relationship between EU support and support for the principles of liberal democracy among citizens in the 28 EU member states, using data from the European Election Studies 2019. Our findings demonstrate that supporters of liberal principles of democracy tend to be more supportive of the EU, while supporters of more direct forms of citizen influence are more Eurosceptic. We argue that this may be in part due to the design of the EU with strong institutional checks-and-balances, but a weak link to citizens. Attitudes towards liberal democracy are less structured than previous research suggests. Yet, the structuration of attitudes towards liberal democracy and the association between these attitudes and EU support is stronger in contexts where the role of the institutions of liberal democracy is more contested. This reconfirms that elite cues are essential for the formation of structured mass attitudes.

scholarly journals Profit Shifting and the Tax Response of Multinational Banks in Eastern Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 729-736
Author(s):  
Daniel Anarfi ◽  
Danuše Nerudová
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Profit Shifting ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Eastern European Countries

The aim of the paper is to measure the amount of profit shifting within the banking sector in Eastern European countries. The paper uses firm‑level bank data from the Bankscope database of multinational subsidiary banks operating in Eastern Europe for a period of 10 years (2006-2015). An empirical analysis is performed on the panel data to identify the profit‑shifting activities of these banks. Focusing on the banking sector of Eastern European countries, which are a microcosm of the European Union, substantial evidence of profit shifting is found and confirms that banks have enhanced tax‑planning opportunities similar to firms from different jurisdictions. The paper also seeks to contribute to recommendations on how fair and sustainable taxation and social policy reforms can increase the economic stability of the EU member states.

scholarly journals DETERMINING THE IMPACTS OF FREIGHT TRANSPORT MODE COMBINATIONS ON AIR POLLUTION USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Nikola Petrović ◽  
Vesna Jovanović ◽  
Marijana Petrović ◽  
Boban Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Transport Mode ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Feed Forward Neural Networks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Transport is one of the largest emitters of harmful substances that affect air quality. Each combination of freight transport modes has a different volume and at the same time has a differentiated negative impact on air quality. That is why the European Union has been making special efforts for many years to create and implement strategies aimed at improving air quality. The main goal of this paper is to present a methodology that enables quantification and analysis of the impact of each freight transport mode combination on air quality using feed-forward neural networks. The developed model uses the parameters of the EU member states in the period from 2000 to 2014. In addition to the scientific and practical contribution, the development of the model provides a good basis for the universal platform formation in order to create and develop strategies, i.e. measures to improve air quality on a global level.

scholarly journals Starzenie się społeczeństwa a wzrost gospodarczy w krajach Unii Europejskiej

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (4) ◽  
pp. 481-492
Author(s):  
Ewa Wasilewska ◽  
Łukasz Pietrych
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Panel Models ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
The Impact

Due to the still growing demographic aging process and the significance of this process on the economy, the article analyzes relationship between the demographic aging of the European Union countries and economic growth. The aim of the research was to determine the impact of demographic aging on the rate of economic growth in the EU27. The research period covered the years 2000-2015. Data from the Eurostat and the World Bank databases were used. The study adopted a division into the “old” and “new” EU Member States. The rate of GDP growth was taken as the measure of economic growth, while the measures of demographic aging included the old-age rate (percentage of population aged 65 or over) and the venerable senility rate (share of the population at the age of 80 or more in the general number of population). Panel models were used. It was found that the demographical aging of society negatively correlates with the dynamics of economic growth. In panel models constructed for countries of the "old" Union, regression coefficients for the old-age rate and the venerable senility rate were respectively: –0,446 and –1,521, while for the "new" EU countries were equal to: –0,153 (for the old-age rate) and –0,980 (for the venerable senility rate). This means that the negative impact of demographic aging on the GDP growth rate is more strongly observed in the countries of the "old" Union in comparison with the countries of the "new" Union.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document