scholarly journals The impact of within-host ecology on the fitness of a drug-resistant parasite

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvie Huijben ◽  
Brian H K Chan ◽  
William A Nelson ◽  
Andrew F Read
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Parasite ◽  
Host Ecology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drug Resistant Parasite

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity of 4-Methylaminoquinoline Compounds against Drug-Resistant Parasite

ACS Omega ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Shankar Tiwari ◽  
Prince Joshi ◽  
Kanchan Yadav ◽  
Anamika Sharma ◽  
Sushobhan Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Parasite ◽  
Drug Resistant Parasite

scholarly journals First report of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae harboring blaKPC-2 in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharif Hala ◽  
Chakkiath Paul Antony ◽  
Mohammed Alshehri ◽  
Abdulhakeem O. Althaqafi ◽  
Asim Alsaedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Abstract Background Nosocomial infections caused by multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae are a global public health threat that ought to be promptly identified, reported, and addressed accurately. Many carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae-associated genes have been identified in Saudi Arabia but not the endemic Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPCs), which are encoded by blaKPC-type genes. KPCs are known for their exceptional spreading potential. Methods We collected n = 286 multi-drug resistant (MDR) Klebsiella spp. isolates as part of screening for resistant patterns from a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia between 2014 and 2018. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using both VITEK II and the broth microdilution of all collected isolates. Detection of resistance-conferring genes was carried out using Illumina whole-genome shotgun sequencing and PacBio SMRT sequencing protocols. Results A Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae strain was identified as a novel ST-3510 carrying a blaKPC-2 carbapenemase encoding gene. The isolate, designated as NGKPC-421, was obtained from shotgun Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) surveillance of 286 MDR Klebsiella spp. clinical isolates. The NGKPC-421 isolate was collected from a septic patient in late 2017 and was initially misidentified as K. pneumoniae. The sequencing and assembly of the NGKPC-421 genome resulted in the identification of a putative ~ 39.4 kb IncX6 plasmid harboring a blaKPC-2 gene, flanked by transposable elements (ISKpn6-blaKPC-2–ISKpn27). Conclusion This is the first identification of a KPC-2-producing CRE in the Gulf region. The impact on this finding is of major concern to the public health in Saudi Arabia, considering that it is the religious epicenter with a continuous mass influx of pilgrims from across the world. Our study strongly highlights the importance of implementing rapid sequencing-based technologies in clinical microbiology for precise taxonomic classification and monitoring of antimicrobial resistance patterns.

scholarly journals Impact of pretreatment low-abundance HIV-1 drug-resistant variants on virological failure among HIV-1/TB-co-infected individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 3319-3326
Author(s):  
Benjamin Chimukangara ◽  
Jennifer Giandhari ◽  
Richard Lessells ◽  
Nonhlanhla Yende-Zuma ◽  
Benn Sartorius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Virological Failure ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Ngs Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives To determine the impact of pretreatment low-abundance HIV-1 drug-resistant variants (LA-DRVs) on virological failure (VF) among HIV-1/TB-co-infected individuals treated with NNRTI first-line ART. Methods We conducted a case–control study of 170 adults with HIV-1/TB co-infection. Cases had at least one viral load (VL) ≥1000 RNA copies/mL after ≥6 months on NNRTI-based ART, and controls had sustained VLs <1000 copies/mL. We sequenced plasma viruses by Sanger and MiSeq next-generation sequencing (NGS). We assessed drug resistance mutations (DRMs) using the Stanford drug resistance database, and analysed NGS data for DRMs at ≥20%, 10%, 5% and 2% thresholds. We assessed the effect of pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) on VF. Results We analysed sequences from 45 cases and 125 controls. Overall prevalence of PDR detected at a ≥20% threshold was 4.7% (8/170) and was higher in cases than in controls (8.9% versus 3.2%), P = 0.210. Participants with PDR at ≥20% had almost 4-fold higher odds of VF (adjusted OR 3.7, 95% CI 0.8–18.3) compared with those without, P = 0.104. PDR prevalence increased to 18.2% (31/170) when LA-DRVs at ≥2% were included. Participants with pretreatment LA-DRVs only had 1.6-fold higher odds of VF (adjusted OR 1.6, 95% CI 0.6–4.3) compared with those without, P = 0.398. Conclusions Pretreatment DRMs and LA-DRVs increased the odds of developing VF on NNRTI-based ART, although without statistical significance. NGS increased detection of DRMs but provided no additional benefit in identifying participants at risk of VF at lower thresholds. More studies assessing mutation thresholds predictive of VF are required to inform use of NGS in treatment decisions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Impact of News Coverage of an HIV Multiclass Drug–Resistant Cluster in Seattle, Washington

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (S1) ◽  
pp. S131-S136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin M. Kahle ◽  
Elizabeth A. Barash ◽  
Libby C. Page ◽  
Amy Lansky ◽  
Krishna Jafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
News Coverage ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Investigating the impact of poverty on colonization and infection with drug-resistant organisms in humans: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Alividza ◽  
Victor Mariano ◽  
Raheelah Ahmad ◽  
Esmita Charani ◽  
Timothy M. Rawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
The Impact
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document