Factors Affecting Survival and Reproduction of the Banks Grass Mite, Oligonychus pratensis 12

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harlan Feese ◽  
Gerald Wilde
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Oligonychus Pratensis ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Banks Grass Mite

Banks Grass Mite, Oligonychus pratensis (Banks)

2008 ◽  
pp. 378-378
Author(s):  
Colin Berry ◽  
Jason M. Meyer ◽  
Marjorie A. Hoy ◽  
John B. Heppner ◽  
William Tinzaara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oligonychus Pratensis ◽  
Banks Grass Mite

scholarly journals Host Range, Biology, and Factors Affecting Survival and Reproduction of the Stubby Root Nematode

1969 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 341-369
Author(s):  
Alejandro Ayala ◽  
M. W. Allen ◽  
E. M. Noffsinger
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Tobacco Rattle Virus ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Stubby Root Nematode

Populations of T. allius increased to levels nine times higher in Glurk tobacco plants infected with California tobacco rattle virus than in healthy plants of the same variety and age. Populations of T. christiei increased with applications of Hoagland's nutrient solution diluted up to 50-percent concentration, whereas population densities were low at the highest concentration (100 percent), and in water alone. Trichodorus allius did not seem to be affected to a large extent by similar applications of Hoagland's nutrient solution. Soil type influenced populations of T. allius; lighter soils were conducive to development of higher populations while soil, coarse sand, and white quartz sand used separately were not favorable for reproduction. Temperature proved to be one of the most important ecological factors in nematode reproduction. The optimum temperatures for the reproduction of each species was as follows: T. christiei, 16° to 24° C; T. porosus, 24° C; and. T allius, 21° to 24° C. Extremes of temperatures at which the different species could reproduce also varied. Populations of T. christiei were affected by an undetermined disease or condition which seemed to slow movement but did not have any apparent effect on rate of reproduction. Host ranges of three species of Trichodorus were studied. All three nematode species seemed to be polyphagous because 90 percent, 90 percent and 95 percent of the plant species tested were hosts of T. christiei, T. porosus, and T. allius, respectively. Twenty-five plant species were tested for T. porosus, 50 for T. christiei and 38 for T. allius. A method is described for keeping populations of T. allius alive in water for extended periods of time.

Variation in host foliage nutrient concentrations in relation to western spruce budworm herbivory

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 530-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Clancy ◽  
Michael R. Wagner ◽  
Richard W. Tinus
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Foliar Concentrations

The western spruce budworm, Choristoneuraoccidentalis Freeman, prefers to feed on early season, new foliage; phenological age of host foliage has profound influences on larval growth and development. Budworm growth, survival, and reproduction also differ with host plant species. Seasonal and interspecific variation in foliar nutrients suggests that they may be key nutritional factors affecting budworm performance. Foliar concentrations and balances of N and eight mineral elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, P/N, Cu/Zn, Mn/Fe, and Ca/Mg) in current-year needles varied with season and tree species (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco, Abiesconcolor (Gord. & Glend.), and Piceaengelmannii Parry ex Engelm.). Seasonal trends occurring in all host species as the new needles matured were (i) declines in N, P, K, and Zn; (ii) increases in Ca, Mn, P/N, Mn/Fe, and Ca/Mg; and (iii) an increase followed by a decrease in Fe. Nutrients showing distinct differences among host species included N, P, K, Ca, Fe, and Zn, plus the Cu/Zn ratio. Mg and Cu were different among some but not all host species or sampling times.

scholarly journals Banks Grass Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) Suppression May Add to the Benefit of Drought-Tolerant Corn Hybrids Exposed to Water Stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Ruckert ◽  
Julian R Golec ◽  
Cody L Barnes ◽  
Ricardo A Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Oligonychus Pratensis ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Mite Infestations ◽  
Arid West ◽  
Banks Grass Mite

Abstract Spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) outbreaks are common on corn grown in the arid West. Hot and dry conditions reduce mite development time, increase fecundity, and accelerate egg hatch. Climate change is predicted to increase drought incidents and produce more intense temperature patterns. Together, these environmental shifts may cause more frequent and severe spider mite infestations. Spider mite management is difficult as many commercially available acaricides are ineffective due to the development of resistance traits in field mite populations. Therefore, alternative approaches to suppress outbreaks are critically needed. Drought-tolerant plant hybrids alleviate the challenges of growing crops in water-limited environments; yet, it is unclear if drought-tolerant hybrids exposed to water stress affect mite outbreaks under these conditions. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to evaluate the effect of drought-tolerant corn hybrids on Banks grass mite [Oligonychus pratensis Banks (Acari: Tetranychidae)], a primary pest of corn, under optimal irrigation and water-stress irrigation. This was followed by a 2-yr field study investigating the effect of drought-tolerant corn hybrids exposed to the same irrigation treatments on Banks grass mite artificially infested on hybrids and resident spider mite populations. Results showed that water-stressed drought-tolerant hybrids had significantly lower Banks grass mite and resident spider mite populations than water-stressed drought-susceptible hybrids. Interestingly, water-stressed drought-tolerant hybrids had equal Banks grass mite populations to drought-susceptible and drought-tolerant hybrids under optimal irrigation. We posit that planting drought-tolerant hybrids may suppress spider mite outbreaks in water-challenged areas.

scholarly journals Links between personality, early natal nutrition and survival of a threatened bird

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1781) ◽  
pp. 20190373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate M. Richardson ◽  
Elizabeth H. Parlato ◽  
Leila K. Walker ◽  
Kevin A. Parker ◽  
John G. Ewen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Early Environment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Dynamics Of Populations ◽  
Cage Test

There is growing recognition that variation in animal personality traits can influence survival and reproduction rates, and consequently may be important for wildlife population dynamics. Despite this, the integration of personality research into conservation has remained uncommon. Alongside the establishment of personality as an important source of individual variation has come an increasing interest in factors affecting the development of personality. Recent work indicates the early environment, including natal nutrition, may play a stronger role in the development of personality than previously thought. In this study, we investigated the importance of three personality metrics (activity, boldness and acclimation time) for estimating survival of a threatened species, the hihi ( Notiomystis cincta ), and evaluated the influence of early natal nutrition on those metrics. Our results showed that boldness (as measured from a one-off cage test) had a positive effect on the probability of juvenile hihi surviving to adulthood. There was also a tendency for juveniles that received carotenoid supplementation in the nest to be bolder than those that did not, suggesting that the early environment had some influence on the expression of boldness in juvenile hihi. Linking the development of personality traits with ultimate effects on vital rates may benefit conservation management, as it could enable developmentally targeted management interventions. To our knowledge, this study is the first to identify potential linkages between early natal nutrition, personality and fitness in a wild-living population. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities: application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation’.

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