scholarly journals OPTIK: a database for understanding catchment areas to guide mobilization of cancer center assets

Database ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Pal Mudaranthakam ◽  
Lisa M Harlan-Williams ◽  
Roy A Jensen ◽  
Hanluen Kuo ◽  
Vandita Garimella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Patient Privacy ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
The Impact

Abstract An increasingly diversified demographic landscape in rural and urban America warrants the attention of The University of Kansas Cancer Center (KU Cancer Center) researchers, clinicians, outreach staff and administrators as the institution assesses ways to reach its expansive, bi-state catchment area. Within the counties of the KU Cancer Center catchment area, patient level and public health data are available and categorized by varying geographic regional boundaries. Multiple data sources and different data collection processes complicate summarizing catchment area data. A curated data warehouse that retrieves and structures the data, with a common denominator, can support meaningful use of the data in a standard and consistent format. The KU Cancer Center built a data warehouse to Organize and Prioritize Trends to Inform KU Cancer Center (OPTIK), which functions to streamline the process of synthesizing data regarding Kansas and Missouri demographics, cancer risk factors and incidence and mortality rates. OPTIK standardizes these diverse data sources to enable analyses of the cancer burden at local, regional and national levels while upholding a strict standard of patient privacy. The OPTIK database enables researchers to use available data and create heat maps and other visualizations to aid in funding proposals, presentations and research activities. Furthermore, using knowledge provided by OPTIK, the KU Cancer Center is able to prioritize action items for research and outreach and more effectively communicate the impact of those efforts.

scholarly journals Understanding a Diverse Cancer Center Catchment Area: A Qualitative Needs Assessment Built on a Theoretical Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327482098302
Author(s):  
Clara Reyes ◽  
Beti Thompson ◽  
Katherine J. Briant ◽  
Jason Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Cancer Prevention And Control ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
And Control

INTRODUCTION: Quantitative approaches to the cancer incidence and mortality of a geographic region may lack understanding of the human context in the region thereby affecting how relevant cancer prevention and control activities can best be targeted to a cancer center’s catchment area. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to obtain and analyze qualitative data that described the barriers and facilitators in a cancer center’s catchment area. A further objective was to use the assessment to plan a comprehensive approach to cancer prevention and control activities in the region. METHODS: Extensive qualitative data were gathered from 32 key informants in the 13 county catchment area. We used the Warnecke Model for Analysis of Population Health and Health Disparities to analyze the qualitative data. We coded factors affecting cancer prevention and control using a directed content analysis approach guided by the Warnecke Model. RESULTS: Four outcome types included fundamental barriers such as political environment and discrimination, gaps in resources, and lack of coordinated activities. Social and physical barriers included distrust, diverse language and cultures, and geographic distance. Individual barriers included lack of system negotiation, health literacy, and poverty. Biological barriers were disparate disease rates in specific groups. CONCLUSION: The analysis and assessment led to the creation of a catchment area wide coalition that used the results to formulate a comprehensive strategic plan to address the barriers in the region.

scholarly journals Increasing Mean Age of Head and Neck Cancer Patients at a German Tertiary Referral Center

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 832
Author(s):  
Julius M. Vahl ◽  
Marlene C. Wigand ◽  
Michael Denkinger ◽  
Dhayana Dallmeier ◽  
Chiara Steiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Referral Center ◽  
The Impact

Background: The impact of demographic change on the age at diagnosis in German head and neck cancer (HNC) patients is unclear. Here we present an evaluation of aging trends in HNC at a tertiary referral center. Methods: Retrospective cohort study on aging trends at the initial diagnosis of newly diagnosed patients with HNC between 2004 and 2018 at the head and neck cancer center Ulm in relation to demographic data of the catchment area. Results: The study population consisted of 2450 individuals diagnosed with HNC with a mean age of 62.84 (±11.67) years. We observed a significant increase in annual incidence rates and mean age over time. Mean age among HNC patients increased significantly more than among the population in the catchment area. Whereas the incidence rate of patients <50 years did not change, the incidence of HNC patients aged ≥70 years increased the most. The mean patient age in the main tumor sites increased significantly. Surprisingly, HPV-positive patients were not younger than HPV-negative patients, but showed a non-significant trend towards a higher mean age (63.0 vs. 60.7 years). Conclusions: Increasing incidence rates in older patients pose a challenge for health care systems. A nationwide study is needed to assess the dynamics and impact of aging on the incidence of HNC.

scholarly journals STUDI HIDROLOGI BERDASARKAN CLIMATE CHANGES MENGGUNAKAN MODEL SWAT DI DAERAH TANGKAPAN AIR WADUK JATILUHUR

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Budi Darmawan Supatmanto ◽  
Sri Malahayati Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Hydrological Process ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Coverage

Daerah Tangkapan waduk Jatiluhur berada diantara 107011'36” - 107032'36" BT and 6029'50" - 6040'45" LS di Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Area dengan luas 380 km2 merupakan 8% dari seluruh total area Hulu Sungai Citarum seluas 4500 km2. Fungsi dari daerah ini untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air untuk pertanian di Karawang dan Bekasi dan memenuhi kebutuhan air di Jakarta. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk meneliti dampak dari perubahan ik (Climate Changes) terhadap hasil hidrologi di daerah tangkapan. Perubahan iklim ditentukan oleh beberapa scenario perubahan iklim yang disiapkan sebagai input dalam SWAT hidrologi model. Simulasi dilakukan sesudah model dikalibrasi untuk mendapatkan parameter model yang sesuai dengan model hidrologi. Setelah itu model divalidasi untuk mengetahui bahwa model menggambarkan keadaan lapangan. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai limpasan dan hasil air yang bervariasi berdasarkan perubahan iklim. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya untuk mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor perubahan iklim untuk mempelajari proses hidrologi di Daerah Tangkapan Air.Kata Kunci: SWAT, hidrologi, skenario perubahan iklim dan area tangkapan=Jatiluhur Reservoir Catchment Area is located between 107011'36” - 107032'36" BT and 6029'50" - 6040'45" LS in West Java, Indonesia. The catchment area embraces 380 km2, which is 8% of the total coverage area in the upstream of Citarum River with the total area of 4500 km2. The functions of this catchment are essential for meeting the needs of water for agriculture in Karawang and Bekasi area, and drinking water needs for Jakarta area. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of climate change on hydrology yield in the catchment. Changes in climate are discovered by several different climate changes scenarios, prepared as input for hydrological model SWAT. Simulation scenarios conducted after the model is calibrated in order to obtain model parameters that are sensitive to the hydrological response. Afterwards models are validated to find out that the model has described the state of the field. The result showed that the values of runoff and water yield are varies based on climate change. Therefore, there is a need to consider the factors of climate change in order to study hydrological process of a watershed.Keywords: SWAT, hydrology, climate changes scenarios and catchment areas.

scholarly journals Combining sediment Cladocera remains and geochemistry to reveal the role of a large catchment in driving changes in a small subalpine lake (Lake Ledro, N-Italy)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Milan ◽  
Richard Bindler ◽  
Monica Tolotti
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Lake Productivity ◽  
Cladocera Remains ◽  
Subalpine Lake ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Large Catchment

<p>Sediment Cladocera remains and geochemistry were analyzed at Lake Ledro, a small subalpine lake with a large catchment area located in northern Italy. The aim of the study was to investigate human, climate and hydrological impacts on the Cladocera community and on the geochemical components during the last few centuries. A sediment core was collected from the deepest point of Lake Ledro and radiometrically dated. Cladocera remains were analyzed to track the trophic lake evolution. The core bottom section revealed the dominance of Bosminidae in concomitance with nutrient pulses entering into the lake during major flood events. The abundance of species preferring cold water temperatures confirmed the deposition of this core section during the Little Ice Age. The flood event occurred in the first half of the 19<sup>th</sup> century produced a drastic increase in littoral species, due to the development of new habitats. The decrease in Cladocera densities during the following lake stage was followed by a rapid increase in planktonic species during the nutrient enrichment after the 1960s. Statistical analyses revealed a clear response of Cladocera community to climate variability during oligotrophic periods, while no relation to temperature changes was recorded during high nutrient levels. A preliminary study on Bosminidae and Daphnidae body size and appendages length was carried out to reconstruct major changes in the lake food web. Only <em>Bosminia</em> spp. revealed clear body size changes: minor shifts were recorded before the 1930s in relation to the low nutrient concentrations, while the major changes occurred during the 1980s were interpreted as related to the appearance of Cladocera invertebrate predators. Geochemical components were studied using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) analysis in order to recognize the impact of the large catchment area and from the lake-level regulations on the lake hydrology. Moreover the Si:Al ratios profile confirmed the increase in lake productivity after the 1960s. Although both Cladocera and geochemical analysis indicate major changes since the 1960s, they also revealed diverse responses to common external and local forcing, thus confirming the value of a multi-proxy approach for disentangling the lake responses to different environmental stressors. Moreover, it outlined the importance of larger catchment areas on small lakes as they are to a larger extent influenced by the modifications occurring in the drainage basin.</p>

scholarly journals Correlation between Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), Land Use Catchment Areas, and Local Environmental Transformation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Tong ◽  
Yaowu Wang ◽  
Edwin H. W. Chan ◽  
Qingfeng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Density Gradient ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Negative Exponential Function ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Negative Exponential ◽  
The Impact

Transit-oriented development (TOD) has been recognised as a sustainable planning approach and that is typically designed for a whole city. Individual land use characteristics and the causations have often been ignored. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to explore the factors that influence the land use catchment area (LCA) characteristics at a station neighborhood level. First, it contributes a methodology to measure the LCA by introducing a new concept. The density gradient was introduced to generate the scale and compactness degree of each station. Second, it provides a theoretical framework for understanding the causes of different LCAs. The partial least squares (PLS) regression model was employed to explore the accessibility effects. By analysing density gradient curves, it reveals that stations grew to fit the negative exponential function. Regarding the scale and form degree of LCAs, the impact of accessibility before and after a station construction have been corroborated. Moreover, the effects of facilities function before construction, distance from main roads, and elevated stations have been emphasized. The results provide support for a more sophisticated concept of catchment area relating to land use at the level of an individual TOD station, while shedding light on the benefits of those engaged in the future design of TOD with due consideration of the local physical environments.

scholarly journals Influence of forest cutting down on runoff and nutrient removal from forest catchment of Karelia (according to mathematical modeling)

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
S.A. Kondratyev ◽  
Yu.V. Karpechko ◽  
M.V. Shmakova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Lake Onega ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Forest Catchment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Forest Cutting

The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of forestry activities on the runoff and nutrient removal from the forest catchments of Karelia using mathematical modeling. The catchment area of the Big Velmuksa river in Karelia with an area of about 139 km2 has been chosen as a research object. It is a part of the catchment of the Vodla river - one of the largest tributaries of Lake Onega. Almost the entire catchment area of the Big Velmuksa river is forested (94%). The main direction of economic activity in the forest catchment areas in Karelia, including the Big Velmuksa catchment, is cutting down and growing new forest. In this study a simple model of runoff and nutrient removal from the forest catchment has been proposed. The purpose of this model is to describe the dynamics of the studied processes both during the natural development of the forest and in the process of reforestation after cutting down. It is shown that when forestry activities are carried out in accordance with forestry regulations rules, significant changes in runoff and nutrient removal are not recorded. The obtained result is explained by the fact that the volume of cutting down is approximately equal to the volume of growth, the level of variation in runoff and removal of chemicals depending insignificantly on human forestry activities. In addition, a simulation of the effects of hypothetical cutting down of 50 and 100% of the forest area on an experimental catchment has been carried out, allowing to assess the interval of possible extreme changes in runoff and nutrient removal. The results show the increase in runoff from the catchment to be 48 mm / year and the decrease in nutrient removal - 14.3 tN / year and 0.35 tP / year after 100% deforestation. Subsequent reforestation and the associated increase in nitrogen and phosphorus removal will continue for about 80 years

Evaluation of Environmental Efficiency of Runoff Responsibility Distribution from the Perspective of Equity and Efficiency

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Kuan Ling ◽  
Chang Hsueh Sheng ◽  
Cheng Hao Teng
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Spatial Unit ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

&lt;p&gt;In recent years, the risk of flooding disasters caused by climate change has increased, and a new concept of runoff sharing has been proposed in China. It is an operation method based on the area of &amp;#8203;&amp;#8203;the catchment from the perspective of water conservancy. However, the basin area is also a spatial unit of human economic activity. Social and economic development and the distribution of runoff responsibilities clearly show a mutual measurement relationship, and the land has a certain social responsibility to handle its own runoff. How can it be distributed fairly and efficiently? The issue of responsibility for runoff sharing has become an important issue for joint initiatives in the field of soil and water.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the case of considering the watershed as a spatial scope, in addition to considering its own hydrological properties, there are also socioeconomic development issues that should be clarified and discussed step by step. Therefore, this study attempts to use the three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to consider hydrology The concept of interaction with the socio-economic environment takes into account the impact of exogenous factors on the allocation of runoff responsibility, and evaluates the efficiency of runoff responsibility. In view of this, from the standpoint of the government and residents sharing the runoff, this study effectively combines the different types of data of the social, economic, and ecological environments in the catchment areas to carry out a comprehensive assessment, and weighs out the optimal distribution efficiency of the overall river basin.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study is divided into three parts to clarify the distribution of runoff responsibilities, which are divided into: (1) Establishing an assessment framework for the distribution of river basin runoff responsibilities: Based on the analysis of the spatial unit of the catchment area, an attempt is made to integrate different regional development conditions, which can be summarized Appropriate and appropriate distribution methods; (2) Weighing the fairness and efficiency of the distribution of runoff responsibilities in the spatial unit of the watershed: Point out the current runoff responsibility distribution model and characteristics of the catchment area; (3) Attempt to develop the principles for the use of land use planning, Apply the concept of runoff responsibility to land use planning.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Based on the results of this study, a more fair way to distribute runoff responsibilities is proposed, and a new perspective on social natural equality from the river basin scale is clarified. The key factors that affect the distribution of runoff responsibilities are clear. Efficiently undertake total runoff and provide policy planning advice. Try to discuss the issue of runoff responsibility allocation from the field of urban planning, provide river basin runoff responsibility with a planning vision, strengthen the spatial thinking of water and soil dialogue, and look forward to providing a new model of river basin governance in extreme climates.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Choice as a duty? The abolition of primary school catchment areas in North Rhine-Westphalia/Germany and its impact on parent choice strategies

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (15) ◽  
pp. 3274-3291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Ramos Lobato ◽  
Thomas Groos
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Parent Choice ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
The Impact

In 2008, primary school catchment areas were abolished in the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW)/Germany. Written several years later, this article’s main aim is to provide insights into the impact of the policy reform on parent choice practices and subsequently on educational segregation. Based on a mixed-methods approach, it seeks to understand how being raised in and accustomed to a catchment area system affects parents’ understanding of the policy reform and impacts their choice strategies. We demonstrate that the (socially selective) choice of a school outside the former catchment area increased significantly after 2008, leading to a higher level of school segregation, though affecting schools to very different extents. The study clearly reveals that the differences in choice strategies are shaped by the dissimilar conclusions parents from different educational backgrounds draw from the policy reform. While less-educated parents attribute less significance to this early stage of schooling, many well-educated ones interpret the introduction of free choice as an instigation to choose – a perception triggered and intensified by the policy reform. For them, choice is no longer only perceived as an opportunity; through its formalisation it rather seems to become a duty. Thus, by one-sidedly favouring well-educated parents’ interests and benefiting their abilities to play the game, the reform seems to perpetuate existing inequalities in choice rather than to alleviate them.

Safeguarding the Privacy of Electronic Medical Records

Cyber Crime ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 891-901
Author(s):  
Jingquan Li ◽  
Michael J. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Privacy Policy ◽  
Patient Privacy ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The continued growth of healthcare information systems (HCIS) promises to improve quality of care, reduce harmful medical errors, and streamline the entire healthcare system. But the resulting dependence on electronic medical records (EMRs) has kindled patient concern about who has access to sensitive medical records. Healthcare organizations are obliged to protect patient medical records under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 and the economic stimulus bill of 2009. The purpose of this study is to develop a formal privacy policy for safeguarding the privacy of EMRs. This study describes the impact of EMRs and HIPAA on patient privacy. It proposes access control and audit logs policies to protect patient privacy. To illustrate the best practices in the healthcare industry, this chapter presents the case of the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. The case demonstrates that it is critical for a healthcare organization to have a formal privacy policy in place.

Safeguarding the Privacy of Electronic Medical Records

2010 ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
Jingquan Li ◽  
Michael J. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Privacy Policy ◽  
Patient Privacy ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The continued growth of healthcare information systems (HCIS) promises to improve quality of care, reduce harmful medical errors, and streamline the entire healthcare system. But the resulting dependence on electronic medical records (EMRs) has kindled patient concern about who has access to sensitive medical records. Healthcare organizations are obliged to protect patient medical records under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 and the economic stimulus bill of 2009. The purpose of this study is to develop a formal privacy policy for safeguarding the privacy of EMRs. This study describes the impact of EMRs and HIPAA on patient privacy. It proposes access control and audit logs policies to protect patient privacy. To illustrate the best practices in the healthcare industry, this chapter presents the case of the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. The case demonstrates that it is critical for a healthcare organization to have a formal privacy policy in place.

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