scholarly journals Influenza Hemagglutination-inhibition Antibody Titer as a Mediator of Vaccine-induced Protection for Influenza B

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 1713-1717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J Cowling ◽  
Wey Wen Lim ◽  
Ranawaka A P M Perera ◽  
Vicky J Fang ◽  
Gabriel M Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Inhibition Antibody

scholarly journals Influenza Hemagglutination-Inhibition Antibody Titer as a Correlate of Vaccine-Induced Protection

2011 ◽  
Vol 204 (12) ◽  
pp. 1879-1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne E. Ohmit ◽  
Joshua G. Petrie ◽  
Rachel T. Cross ◽  
Emileigh Johnson ◽  
Arnold S. Monto
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Antibody

scholarly journals Hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers as a correlate of protection against influenza disease in the 2018/2019 epidemic season in Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Hallmann-Szelińska ◽  
Karol Szymański ◽  
Katarzyna Łuniewska ◽  
Katarzyna Kondratiuk ◽  
Lidia Bernadeta Brydak
Keyword(s):  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Epidemic Season ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition Test ◽  
Inhibition Antibody

The aim of this study was to determine the level of antibodies against hemagglutinin of influenza viruses in the sera of people in the seven age groups in the epidemic season 2018/2019 in Poland. The level of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies was determined by hemagglutination inhibition test (HAI). 1050 clinical samples from all over the country were tested. The level of antibodies against influenza viruses was highest in the 10–14 age group for A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (H3N2) and B/Phuket/3073/2013 Yamagata lineage antigens. These results confirm the circulation of four antigenically different influenza virus strains, two subtypes of influenza A virus – A/Michigan/45/2015 (H1N1)pdm09 and A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (H3N2) and two lineages of influenza B virus – B/Colorado/06/2017 – Victoria lineage and B/Phuket/3073/2013 Yamagata lineage.

scholarly journals Association between hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers and protection against RT-PCR confirmed influenza illness in children 6−35 months of age: statistical evaluation of a correlate of protection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasur Danier ◽  
Andrea Callegaro ◽  
Jyoti Soni ◽  
Alfoso Carmona ◽  
Pope Kosalaraska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Correlate Of Protection ◽  
Inhibition Antibody ◽  
Clinical Protection ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
H3n2 Influenza

Abstract Background Data from a randomized, controlled efficacy trial of an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine in children 6−35 months of age were used to determine whether hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titer against A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 is a statistical correlate of protection (CoP) for the risk of RT-PCR-confirmed influenza associated with the corresponding strain. Methods The Prentice criteria were used to statistically validate strain-specific HI antibody titer as a CoP. The probability of protection was identified using Dunning's model corresponding to a pre-specified probability of protection at an individual level. The group level protective threshold was identified using Siber's approach, leading to unbiased predicted vaccine efficacy (VE). A case-cohort sub-sample was used for this exploratory analysis. Results Prentice criteria confirmed that HI titer is a statistical CoP for RT-PCR-confirmed influenza. Dunning's model predicted a probability of protection of 49.7% against A/H1N1 influenza and 54.7% against A/H3N2 influenza at an HI antibody titer of 1:40 for the corresponding strain. Higher titers of 1:320 were associated with more than 80% probability of protection. Siber's method predicted VE of 61.0% at a threshold of 1:80 for A/H1N1 and 46.6% at 1:113 for A/H3N2. Conclusions The study validated HI antibody titer as a statistical CoP, by demonstrating that HI titer is correlated with clinical protection against RT-PCR-confirmed influenza associated with the corresponding influenza strain and is predictive of VE in children 6−35 months of age.

COOPERATIVE MEASLES VACCINE FIELD TRIAL

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-665
Author(s):  
Vincent F. Guinee ◽  
Donald A. Henderson ◽  
Helen L. Casey ◽  
Sara T. Wingo ◽  
Delmar W. Ruthig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Live Vaccine ◽  
Measles Vaccine ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Inhibition Antibody

The efficacy of two measles vaccine schedules was tested in a double-blind, placebo-controlled field trial. One group of children received three injections of 0.5 ml of inactivated measles virus vaccine. A second group received two injections of inactivated measles virus vaccine followed by 1400 TCID50 of live attenuated virus measles vaccine. Half of the participating children received placebo injections. The 4,758 participating children in kindergarten and first and second grades were kept under surveillance over a period of 14 months. Among these children 504 cases of clinically diagnosed measles occurred; 430 were in the placebo group. The inactivated measles virus vaccine, although providing good protection against cases of typical severity during the immediate 3 months after vaccination, showed a progressively decreasing level of efficacy over a year's period. At the end of a year, efficacy had fallen to 75%. The combined vaccine schedules demonstrated a consistently high order of protection, of about 95% or better, throughout the study period. The efficacy of two measles vaccine schedules—three injections of 0.5 ml of inactivated measles virus vaccine and two doses of inactivated virus vaccine followed by one dose of live vaccine—was tested in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study among 4,758 children in kindergarten and first and second grades. Measles hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers were measured on a randomly selected sample of study participants immediately before and 1, 8, and 14 months after the third injection. Although over 90% of those given the inactivated virus vaccine demonstrated detectable hemagglutination inhibition antibody 1 month post-vaccination, only 50% were seropositive 14 months later. Some clinically typical measles cases did occur among children in whom the inactivated virus vaccine had evoked an initial antibody response. Of those children receiving two doses of inactivated virus vaccine followed by live vaccine, 97% showed seroconversion 1 month post-vaccination. Fourteen months later 89% still had detectable antibody. Fourfold or greater titers occurred in some children in both vaccine groups without evident clinical measles illnesses. These titer "boosts" were considered to be on the basis of subclinical measles infections.

THE USE OF GAMMA RADIATION FOR THE PREPARATION OF VIRUS VACCINES

1962 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Polley
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Neutralization Techniques ◽  
Hemagglutination Titer

A protective agent such as histidine or sodium p-aminohippurate was added to purified suspensions of influenza and mumps viruses. It was then possible to inactivate them in about an hour with gamma radiation while retaining most of the hemagglutination titer. It was demonstrated in mice that a vaccine prepared from a mouse-adapted virus (Shope's swine influenza strain of influenza A) conferred protection against challenge by the live virus and produced an antibody response as measured by the hemagglutination–inhibition technique. Vaccines prepared with the viruses of influenza A(PR8), influenza B, and mumps were shown to produce antibody responses in guinea pigs as measured by the hemagglutination–inhibition and serum neutralization techniques. With gamma radiation it was possible to prepare influenza and mumps virus vaccines quickly and with precise control of the inactivation. This work is being continued with other viruses.

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