scholarly journals Occupational Risk Factors for Tuberculosis Among Healthcare Workers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (suppl 3) ◽  
pp. S255-S261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Tudor ◽  
Martie L. Van der Walt ◽  
Bruce Margot ◽  
Susan E. Dorman ◽  
William K. Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Kwazulu Natal

scholarly journals Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a multi-ethnic cohort of United Kingdom healthcare workers: a prospective nationwide cohort study (UK-REACH)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A Martin ◽  
Daniel Pan ◽  
Carl Melbourne ◽  
Lucy Teece ◽  
Avinash Aujayeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Hospital Inpatient ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Factors Associated

Introduction Healthcare workers (HCWs), particularly those from ethnic minority groups, have been shown to be at disproportionately higher risk of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) compared to the general population. However, there is insufficient evidence on how demographic and occupational factors influence infection risk among ethnic minority HCWs. Methods We analysed data from the United Kingdom Research study into Ethnicity And COVID-19 Outcomes in Healthcare workers (UK-REACH) cohort study. We used logistic regression to examine associations of demographic, household and occupational predictor variables with SARS-CoV-2 infection (defined by PCR, serology or suspected COVID-19) in a diverse group of HCWs. Results 2,496 of the 10,772 HCWs (23.2%) who worked during the first UK national lockdown in March 2020 reported previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. In an adjusted model, demographic and household factors associated with increased odds of infection included younger age, living with other key workers and higher religiosity. Important occupational risk factors associated with increased odds of infection included attending to a higher number of COVID-19 positive patients (aOR 2.49, 95%CI 2.03—3.05 for ≥21 patients per week vs none), working in a nursing or midwifery role (1.35, 1.15—1.58, compared to doctors), reporting a lack of access to personal protective equipment (1.27, 1.15 — 1.41) and working in an ambulance (1.95, 1.52—2.50) or hospital inpatient setting (1.54, 1.37 — 1.74). Those who worked in Intensive Care Units were less likely to have been infected (0.76, 0.63—0.90) than those who did not. Black HCWs were more likely to have been infected than their White colleagues, an effect which attenuated after adjustment for other known predictors. Conclusions We identified key sociodemographic and occupational risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection amongst UK HCWs, and have determined factors that might contribute to a disproportionate odds of infection in HCWs from Black ethnic groups. These findings demonstrate the importance of social and occupational factors in driving ethnic disparities in COVID-19 outcomes, and should inform policies, including targeted vaccination strategies and risk assessments aimed at protecting HCWs in future waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Trial registration: ISRCTN 11811602

scholarly journals Occupational Risks in Occupational Therapy Service Learning: A Single-Site “Fear Factor” Study in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Deshini Naidoo ◽  
Pragashnie Govender ◽  
Stephanie Nicole Naidoo ◽  
Naledi Ngubane ◽  
Zamankosi Nkosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Therapy Students ◽  
Occupational Risks

Background. Service-learning constitutes the main practical component of an undergraduate health profession training programme. However, limited exploration of the potential occupational risks that students face during their service-learning placement is noted in the literature. Aim. This study in South Africa explored occupational risk factors as reported by occupational therapy students whilst engaged in service-learning. Methods. In this explorative qualitative study, purposeful homogenous sampling was used to recruit third and fourth level occupational therapy students who completed a Bachelor of Occupational Therapy degree. Three focus groups were conducted with seventeen students who voluntarily participated. Audio-recorded data were transcribed and analysed thematically using deductive reasoning. Results. Several concerns over potential occupational risks were reported, namely, anxiety over contracting infectious diseases, concerns around musculoskeletal injuries due to manual handling requirements, and inappropriate behaviour of clients, which made the students feel unsafe. Concerns around the implementation of infection control measures, the lack of resources allocated to infection control at some service-learning sites, as well as the coping strategies used during service-learning were highlighted. Conclusion. Varied occupational risk factors during service-learning were reported by students. These insights into the perceived occupational risk factors can be translated into actionable strategies to improve the preparation of health science students for service-learning, including coping skills to deal with the demands of service-learning.

scholarly journals Occupational Histoplasmosis: Epidemiology and Prevention Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Marie A. de Perio ◽  
Kaitlin Benedict ◽  
Samantha L. Williams ◽  
Christine Niemeier-Walsh ◽  
Brett J. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors

In areas where Histoplasma is endemic in the environment, occupations involving activities exposing workers to soil that contains bird or bat droppings may pose a risk for histoplasmosis. Occupational exposures are frequently implicated in histoplasmosis outbreaks. In this paper, we review the literature on occupationally acquired histoplasmosis. We describe the epidemiology, occupational risk factors, and prevention measures according to the hierarchy of controls.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for HIV Infection Among Heterosexual Men Recruited from Socializing Venues in Rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nonzwakazi P. Ntombela ◽  
Ayesha B. M. Kharsany ◽  
Adenike Soogun ◽  
Nonhlanhla Yende-Zuma ◽  
Hans-Peter Kohler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Kwazulu Natal

scholarly journals Occupational risk factors for chronic kidney disease in Andhra Pradesh: ‘Uddanam Nephropathy’

Renal Failure ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1032-1041
Author(s):  
Youssef M. K. Farag ◽  
Kuyilan Karai Subramanian ◽  
Vikrum A. Singh ◽  
Ravi Raju Tatapudi ◽  
Ajay K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors
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