scholarly journals Convalescent Plasma Treatment Reduced Mortality in Patients With Severe Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Virus Infection

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan FN Hung ◽  
Kelvin KW To ◽  
Cheuk-Kwong Lee ◽  
Kar-Lung Lee ◽  
Kenny Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Background. Experience from treating patients with Spanish influenza and influenza A(H5N1) suggested that convalescent plasma therapy might be beneficial. However, its efficacy in patients with severe pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus (H1N1 2009) infection remained unknown. Methods. During the period from 1 September 2009 through 30 June 2010, we conducted a prospective cohort study by recruiting patients aged ≥18 years with severe H1N1 2009 infection requiring intensive care. Patients were offered treatment with convalescent plasma with a neutralizing antibody titer of ≥1:160, harvested by apheresis from patients recovering from H1N1 2009 infection. Clinical outcome was compared with that of patients who declined plasma treatment as the untreated controls. Results. Ninety-three patients with severe H1N1 2009 infection requiring intensive care were recruited. Twenty patients (21.5%) received plasma treatment. The treatment and control groups were matched by age, sex, and disease severity scores. Mortality in the treatment group was significantly lower than in the nontreatment group (20.0% vs 54.8%; P =  .01). Multivariate analysis showed that plasma treatment reduced mortality (odds ratio [OR], .20; 95% confidence interval [CI], .06-.69; P =  .011), whereas complication of acute renal failure was independently associated with death (OR, 3.79; 95% CI, 1.15-12.4; P =  .028). Subgroup analysis of 44 patients with serial respiratory tract viral load and cytokine level demonstrated that plasma treatment was associated with significantly lower day 3, 5, and 7 viral load, compared with the control group (P <  .05). The corresponding temporal levels of interleukin 6, interleukin 10, and tumor necrosis factor α (P <  .05) were also lower in the treatment group. Conclusions. Treatment of severe H1N1 2009 infection with convalescent plasma reduced respiratory tract viral load, serum cytokine response, and mortality.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence study in Vojvodina (Serbia) following 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 751-755
Author(s):  
Vladimir Petrovic ◽  
Zorica Seguljev ◽  
Jasminka Nedeljkovic ◽  
Mioljub Ristic
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Seroprevalence Study ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Introduction. The seroprevalence study was performed in Vojvodina during May and June 2010 in order to asses the effects of the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v epidemic on herd immunity. It was a part of the Serbian Ministry of Health funded nationwide study. Objective. Prevalence of antibodies against 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v was determined in a 1% sample of the population monitored for influenza-like illness and acute respiratory infections in Vojvodina through sentinel surveillance system. Methods. The study sample involved a total of 1004 inhabitants of Vojvodina. The control group consisted of randomly selected and age-adjusted 1054 sera collected in the pre-pandemic period. Sera were tested by the reaction of hemagglutination inhibition using influenza A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) antigen in dilution from 1:8 to 1:256. Antibody titers ?1:32 and ?1:8 were considered protective and diagnostic, respectively. Results. The differences between control and study sera in all age groups were significant for both diagnostic ?1/8 and protective titres ?1/32 of hemagglutination inhibition antibodies (chi square test, p<0.001). The highest percentage of seropositive subjects was registered in the age group 15-19 years followed by children aged 5-14 years. Both diagnostic and protective titres were about twice higher in the vaccinated as compared to the non-vaccinated group. There were no statistically significant differences in seroprevalence between seven districts of Vojvodina. Conclusion. The 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v epidemic significantly influenced the herd immunity in our population regardless of low immunization coverage with highest immunity levels in adolescents aged 15-19 years and with similar herd immunity levels in all the regions in the province six months after the outbreak.

scholarly journals Lower respiratory tract hemorrhage associated with 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 761-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin D. Kennedy ◽  
Monika Roy ◽  
Jeffrey Norris ◽  
Alicia M. Fry ◽  
Mitul Kanzaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
H1n1 Virus Infection

Adult intensive-care patients with 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (8) ◽  
pp. 1202-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. FUHRMAN ◽  
I. BONMARIN ◽  
D. BITAR ◽  
T. CARDOSO ◽  
N. DUPORT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

SUMMARYIn France, the surveillance of hospitalized cases of pandemic influenza was implemented in July 2009 and restricted to intensive-care unit (ICU) patients in November. We described the characteristics of the 1065 adult patients admitted to ICUs and analysed risk factors for severe outcome (mechanical ventilation or death). Eighty-seven percent of cases were aged 15–64 years. The case-fatality ratio was 20%. The risk for severe outcome increased with age and obesity while this association was negative for chronic respiratory disease. Late antiviral therapy was associated with a severe outcome in ICU patients with risk factors (adjusted OR 2·0, 95% CI 1·4–3·0). This study confirms the considerable contribution of young adults to A(H1N1) 2009 mortality. It shows the role of obesity as an independent risk factor for severe disease, and of early antiviral therapy as a protective factor, at least in patients with risk factors.

Viral load and epidemiological profile of patients infected by pandemic influenza a (H1N1) 2009 and seasonal influenza a virus in Southern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Gorini da Veiga ◽  
Nélson Alexandre Kretzmann ◽  
Laura Trevizan Corrêa ◽  
Alessandra Mari Goshiyama ◽  
Tatiana Baccin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

scholarly journals Acute respiratory failure from pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in an intensive care unit in southern Brazil

Critical Care ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. P91 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Beduschi Filho ◽  
D Siqueira ◽  
SC Carvalho Flores ◽  
I Yoshiko Masukawa ◽  
L Kretzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Factors associated to admission to Intensive Care in patients hospitalized due to pandemic Influenza A/H1N1 2009

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 463-469
Author(s):  
A.E. González-Vélez ◽  
C. Díaz-Agero-Pérez ◽  
A. Robustillo-Rodela ◽  
A.M. Cornejo-Gutiérrez ◽  
M.J. Pita-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Influenza A H1n1
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