scholarly journals Neural Mechanisms of Short-term Plasticity in the Human Visual System

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2913-2920 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Parks ◽  
P. M. Corballis
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Human Visual System ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Plasticity

scholarly journals The Spatial Extent of Short-Term Plasticity Effects in the Human Visual System

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 998
Author(s):  
Matthew Gannon ◽  
Stephanie Long ◽  
Nathan Parks
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Human Visual System ◽  
Spatial Extent ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Plasticity

The Site of Binocular Rivalry Suppression

Perception ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randolph Blake ◽  
Randall Overton
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Human Visual System ◽  
Striate Cortex ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Threshold Elevation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Contrast Adaptation ◽  
A Site ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Two experiments were performed to localize the site of binocular rivalry suppression in relation to the locus of grating adaptation. In one experiment it was found that phenomenal suppression of a high-contrast adaptation grating presented to one eye had no influence on the strength of the threshold-elevation aftereffect measured interocularly. Evidently information about the adaptation grating arrives at the site of the aftereffect (presumably binocular neurons) even during suppression. In a second experiment 60 s of grating adaptation was found to produce a short-term reduction in the predominance of the adapted eye during binocular rivalry. These findings provide converging lines of evidence that suppression occurs at a site in the human visual system after the locus of grating adaptation and, hence, after the striate cortex.

scholarly journals Identification of competing neural mechanisms underlying positive and negative perceptual hysteresis in the human visual system

NeuroImage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 117153
Author(s):  
Alexandre Sayal ◽  
Teresa Sousa ◽  
João V. Duarte ◽  
Gabriel N. Costa ◽  
Ricardo Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Human Visual System ◽  
Neural Mechanisms

scholarly journals Plasticity as panacea? Nerves, hormones, and the currencies of trade-offs

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bastiaans ◽  
Elizabeth Bastiaans
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Behavioral Plasticity ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Behavioral Traits ◽  
Short Term Plasticity ◽  
Trade Offs

Abstract Phenotypic plasticity is nearly universal among organisms, and evidence indicates that plasticity can exhibit additive genetic variation and respond to selection. These findings have important implications for our understanding of how plasticity may be constrained and how its mechanistic structure may affect its evolution. Many life history trade-offs may be conceptualized as plastic traits, with individuals varying in their position along trade-off axes due to genetic differences, developmental plasticity, or short-term plasticity occurring throughout an individual’s lifetime. Behavioral plasticity is key to understanding when organisms are likely to encounter trade-offs, whether those trade-offs can be mitigated, and how the trade-offs affect the ecology and evolution of populations. In this review, we discuss hormonal and neural mechanisms that may influence how plastic behavioral traits are expressed and evolve. We also outline a classification of life history trade-offs and their mechanistic bases and discuss the currencies most likely to mediate each category of trade-off and how they are tied to the mechanisms by which animals express their behaviors.

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