scholarly journals Level of Executive Function Influences Verbal Memory in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Predicts Prefrontal and Posterior Cingulate Thickness

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1305-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ling Chang ◽  
Mark W. Jacobson ◽  
Christine Fennema-Notestine ◽  
Donald J. Hagler ◽  
Robin G. Jennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Posterior Cingulate

Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy is Related to Learning Strategy Changes in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 706-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liling Zhang ◽  
Wen-hao Sun ◽  
Mengya Xing ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy ◽  
Semantic Learning ◽  
Semantic Clustering ◽  
Lobe Atrophy

AbstractObjective: Deficits in the semantic learning strategy were observed in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) in our previous study. In the present study, we explored the contributions of executive function and brain structure changes to the decline in the semantic learning strategy in aMCI. Methods: A neuropsychological battery was used to test memory and executive function in 96 aMCI subjects and 90 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs). The semantic clustering ratio on the verbal learning test was calculated to evaluate learning strategy. Medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) were measured on MRI with the MTA and Fazekas visual rating scales, respectively. Results: Compared to HCs, aMCI subjects had poorer performance in terms of memory, executive function, and the semantic clustering ratio (P < .001). In aMCI subjects, no significant correlation between learning strategy and executive function was observed. aMCI subjects with obvious MTA demonstrated a lower semantic clustering ratio than those without MTA (P < .001). There was no significant difference in the learning strategies between subjects with high-grade WMH and subjects with low-grade WMH. Conclusion: aMCI subjects showed obvious impairment in the semantic learning strategy, which was attributable to MTA but independent of executive dysfunction and subcortical WMH. These findings need to be further validated in large cohorts with biomarkers identified using volumetric brain measurements. (JINS, 2019, 25, 706–717)

P3-225: POSTERIOR CINGULATE GABA AND GLX ARE REDUCED IN AMNESTIC MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. P713-P713
Author(s):  
Florian Riese ◽  
Anton Gietl ◽  
Nikolaus Zölch ◽  
Anke Henning ◽  
Ruth O'Gorman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Posterior Cingulate

scholarly journals Anosognosia predicts default mode network hypometabolism and clinical progression to dementia

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. e932-e939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Therriault ◽  
Kok Pin Ng ◽  
Tharick A. Pascoal ◽  
Sulantha Mathotaarachchi ◽  
Min Su Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Posterior Cingulate ◽  
Impaired Awareness

ObjectiveTo identify the pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical significance of anosognosia for cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment.MethodsWe stratified 468 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment into intact and impaired awareness groups, determined by the discrepancy between the patient and the informant score on the Everyday Cognition questionnaire. Voxel-based linear regression models evaluated the associations between self-awareness status and baseline β-amyloid load, measured by [18F]florbetapir, and the relationships between awareness status and regional brain glucose metabolism measured by [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose at baseline and at 24-month follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression tested the association of awareness status with conversion from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to dementia.ResultsWe found that participants with impaired awareness had lower [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and increased [18F]florbetapir uptake in the posterior cingulate cortex at baseline. In addition, impaired awareness in mild cognitive impairment predicted [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose hypometabolism in the posterior cingulate cortex, left basal forebrain, bilateral medial temporal lobes, and right lateral temporal lobe over 24 months. Furthermore, participants with impaired awareness had a nearly 3-fold increase in likelihood of conversion to dementia within a 2-year time frame.ConclusionsOur results suggest that anosognosia is linked to Alzheimer disease pathophysiology in vulnerable structures, and predicts subsequent hypometabolism in the default mode network, accompanied by an increased risk of progression to dementia. This highlights the importance of assessing awareness of cognitive decline in the clinical evaluation and management of individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Naturalistic Action Performance Distinguishes Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment from Healthy Aging

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Gold ◽  
Norman W. Park ◽  
Kelly J. Murphy ◽  
Angela K. Troyer
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

AbstractIndividuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) show minor decrements in their instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Sensitive measures of IADL performance are needed to capture the mild difficulties observed in aMCI groups. Routine naturalistic actions (NAs) are familiar IADL-type activities that require individuals to enact everyday tasks such as preparing coffee. In the current study we examined the extent to which NAs could be used to help facilitate differential diagnosis of aMCI relative to composite measures of episodic memory, semantic knowledge, and executive function. Healthy older adults (n=24) and individuals with aMCI (n=24) enacted two highly familiar NAs and completed tests of episodic memory, semantic knowledge, and executive function. Binary logistic regression was used to predict group membership (aMCI vs. control participants). The regression analyses indicated that NA performance could reliably predict group membership, over and above measures of cognitive functioning. These findings indicated that NA performance can be used to help facilitate differential diagnosis of healthy aging and aMCI and used as an outcome measure in intervention studies. (JINS, 2015, 21, 419–428)

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