scholarly journals Mesolimbic dopamine and anterior cingulate cortex connectivity changes lead to impulsive behaviour in Parkinson’s disease

Brain ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio P Strafella
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Mesolimbic Dopamine ◽  
Impulsive Behaviour

scholarly journals Synaptic potentiation of anterior cingulate cortex contributes to chronic pain of Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxiang Zhou ◽  
Penghai Ye ◽  
Xu-Hui Li ◽  
Yuxiang Zhang ◽  
Muhang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Mechanical Hypersensitivity ◽  
Mptp Treatment ◽  
Emotional Changes

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a multi-system neurodegenerative disorder. Patients with PD often suffer chronic pain. In the present study, we investigated motor, sensory and emotional changes in three different PD mice models. We found that 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treatment caused significant changes in all measurements. Mechanical hypersensitivity of PD model induced by MPTP peaked at 3 days and persisted for at least 14 days. Using Fos transgenic mice, we found that neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) were activated after MPTP treatment. Inhibiting ACC by bilateral microinjection of muscimol significantly reduced mechanical hypersensitivity and anxiety-like responses. By contrast, MPTP induced motor deficit was not affected, indicating ACC activity is mostly responsible for sensory and emotional changes. We also investigated excitatory synaptic transmission and plasticity using brain slices of MPTP treated animals. While L-LTP was blocked or significantly reduced. E-LTP was not significantly affected in slices of MPTP treated animals. LTD induced by repetitive stimulation was not affected. Furthermore, we found that paired-pulse facilitation and spontaneous release of glutamate were also altered in MPTP treated animals, suggesting presynaptic enhancement of excitatory transmission in PD. Our results suggest that ACC synaptic transmission is enhanced in the animal model of PD, and cortical excitation may play important roles in PD related pain and anxiety.

Lewy body densities in the entorhinal and anterior cingulate cortex predict cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enikö Kövari ◽  
Gabriel Gold ◽  
François R. Herrmann ◽  
Alessandra Canuto ◽  
Patrick R. Hof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Lewy Body ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate

scholarly journals Role of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in the Control of Micturition Reflex in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 195 (5) ◽  
pp. 1613-1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeya Kitta ◽  
Michael B. Chancellor ◽  
William C. de Groat ◽  
Nobuo Shinohara ◽  
Naoki Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Micturition Reflex

Attention and Sentence Processing Deficits in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of Anterior Cingulate Cortex

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 513-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray Grossman ◽  
Peter Crino ◽  
Martin Reivich ◽  
Matthew B. Stem ◽  
Howard I. Hurtig
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Processing Deficits

scholarly journals Reorganisation of diffusion microstructure in the precuneus is associated with preserved cognitive function in Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuko Nagano-Saito ◽  
Jean-Christophe Houde ◽  
Christophe Bedetti ◽  
Maxime Descoteaux ◽  
Marco Leyton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
High Angular Resolution ◽  
Fiber Density ◽  
Posterior Cingulate

Abstract Functional neuroimaging studies of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have repeatedly identified over-activations in midline structures (medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and precuneus), especially in those without comorbid dementia. Here, we investigated whether the different cognitive profiles in PD were linked to measures of diffusion microstructure in medial regions of the brain. Using magnetic resonance based diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in healthy volunteers (HV) and PD patients with and without mild cognitive impairment (PD-nonMCI and PD-MCI), applying diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) techniques, we observed: 1) increased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the precuneus and the anterior cingulate in the PD-nonMCI participants compared with the HV; 2) an association between precuneus FA and executive and memory function, respectively, in PD and HV; 3) a negative correlation between age and midline structure FA in PD but not HV; and 4) a differential association between cognitive scores and apparent fiber density (AFD) of the posterior cingulate-precuneus bundle in HV vs. PD. Together, these findings suggest that white matter reorganization of the posterior medial microstructures might serve a compensatory role for damaged basal ganglia function in PD-nonMCI.

scholarly journals Cerebral glucose metabolism and cognitive impairment in tremor-dominant and akinetic-rigid subtypes of Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
I. V. Miliukhina ◽  
Yu. G. Khomenko ◽  
E. V. Gracheva ◽  
G. V. Kataeva ◽  
E. A. Gromova
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Cerebral Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Anterior Cingulate

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a disease characterized by marked phenotypic heterogeneity. The akinetic-rigid (AR) and tremor-dominant (TD) types of PD differ not only in motor manifestations, but also in the severity of non-motor symptoms, including cognitive impairment (CI). It is the PD heterogeneity study that can achieve the task of creating a modern personalized therapy for this disease.Objective: to study the characteristics of cerebral glucose metabolism in CI in patients with AR and TD PD.Patients and methods. Examinations were made in 69 patients with PD (the TD and AR subtypes were in 23 and 46 patients, respectively). Their cognitive status was assessed using the Mini-mental State Examination, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, the Frontal Assessment Battery, and the Clock Drawing Test. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography was performed according to the standard procedure; glucose metabolism rate (GMR) was determined in different Brodmann areas (BA).Results and discussion. GMR in the frontal areas (right BA 6, 8, 9, 46 and left BA 46) was lower in the AR group that in the TD one (p< 0.05). The severity of CI in the AR group correlated with GMR in the parietal and posterior cingulate cortex (BA 7, 23, 26, 29, 30, and 31). The TD group showed correlations of the values of cognitive tests mainly with GMR in the frontal and anterior cingulate cortex (BA 6, 8–11, 24), and in the parietal (BA 7) and temporal cortices (BA 22). The only area, in which GMR correlated with cognitive performance in both groups, was BA 7.Conclusion. Two distinct patterns of GMR were identified in AR and TD within the general pattern of decreased cerebral glucose metabolism, which was specific for CI in PD. The findings may suggest that there are two different CI pathogenetic mechanisms associated with the clinical subtypes of PD.

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