scholarly journals Heterogeneity in reproductive success explained by individual differences in bite rate and mass change

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uriel Gélin ◽  
Graeme Coulson ◽  
Marco Festa-Bianchet
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Mass Change ◽  
Bite Rate

Individual Variation in the Strength of Territory Defense in Male Song Sparrows: Correlates of Age, Territory Tenure, and Neighbor Aggressiveness

Behaviour ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Hyman ◽  
Melissa Hughes ◽  
Stephen Nowicki ◽  
William Searcy
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Territory Defense ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Territorial Aggression ◽  
Male Song ◽  
Song Sparrows ◽  
Territory Owner ◽  
Older Males

AbstractIn many species, the ability to defend a territory is essential for a male to obtain any reproductive success at all, and even among territorial individuals, variation in the strength of territory defense could have a significant impact on how much reproductive success is obtained. Previous studies have documented consistent individual differences in the vigor with which male song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) defend their territories, as measured by the strength of their reactions to territorial intrusions simulated through song playback. Variation in the strength of defense could reflect intrinsic differences among individuals in their resource holding potential (RHP), or variation in extrinsic factors. In this study, we examined whether variation in the strength of territory defense corresponds to differences in intrinsic factors such as the age or experience of the territory owner, the extrinsic factor of the level of aggression shown by neighbours, or both. Results indicate that males that previously held territories on the study site, regardless of whether they were holding the same territory as the previous year, show higher levels of territory defense than males that are new to the study site, and, assuming that returning males are older males, suggest that age is more important than experience on a specific territory in determining strength of territory defense. In addition, we found evidence that males with high levels of territorial aggression tend to be spatially clustered. The pattern observed suggests that a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors contribute to the expression of individual differences in territorial aggression.

Individual differences in appeal of energy dense foods predicts lower body mass change during adolescence

Appetite ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 184-190
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Sadler ◽  
Eric Stice ◽  
Grace E. Shearrer ◽  
Kyle S. Burger
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mass Change ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Body Mass Change

Social personality in sheep: Can social strategies predict individual differences in cognitive abilities, morphology features, and reproductive success?

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genaro C. Miranda-de la Lama ◽  
María Pascual-Alonso ◽  
Lorena Aguayo-Ulloa ◽  
Wilmer S. Sepúlveda ◽  
Morris Villarroel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Social Strategies

Male reproductive success and female preference in bushy-tailed woodrats (Neotoma cinerea): do females prefer males in good physical condition?

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Weber ◽  
J.S. Millar ◽  
B.D. Neff
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Mass Change ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Male Reproductive Success ◽  
Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Neotoma Cinerea

In many mating systems, females may benefit by selecting a male with high genetic quality in the form of good genes or compatible genes. In bushy-tailed woodrats ( Neotoma cinerea Ord, 1815), previous research has shown that male reproductive success correlates with the mass change of males over the breeding season, indicating that physical body condition may directly influence female choice and hence male reproductive success. We examined male physical condition in relation to reproductive success in the field. Male physical condition was measured as body-mass change over the breeding season, body size, body condition (mass versus size), and anaemia (packed cell volume and mean corpuscular volume). We then conducted trials in the laboratory in which captive females were presented with visual and olfactory cues from two males simultaneously. In the field, males with a low mean corpuscular volume had the highest reproductive success. Captive females also showed a preference for males with low levels of anaemia based on mean corpuscular volume. These results suggest that females are employing a condition-dependent preference.

scholarly journals Personality-specific carry-over effects on breeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1940) ◽  
pp. 20202381
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Harris ◽  
Sébastien Descamps ◽  
Lynne U. Sneddon ◽  
Milena Cairo ◽  
Philip Bertrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Breeding Phenology ◽  
Breeding Performance ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Breeding Activity ◽  
Pace Of Life ◽  
Carry Over

Carry-over effects describe the phenomenon whereby an animal's previous conditions influence its subsequent performance. Carry-over effects are unlikely to affect individuals uniformly, but the factors modulating their strength are poorly known. Variation in the strength of carry-over effects may reflect individual differences in pace-of-life: slow-paced, shyly behaved individuals are thought to favour an allocation to self-maintenance over current reproduction, compared to their fast-paced, boldly behaved conspecifics (the pace-of-life syndrome hypothesis). Therefore, detectable carry-over effects on breeding should be weaker in bolder individuals, as they should maintain an allocation to reproduction irrespective of previous conditions, while shy individuals should experience stronger carry-over effects. We tested this prediction in black-legged kittiwakes breeding in Svalbard. Using miniature biologging devices, we measured non-breeding activity of kittiwakes and monitored their subsequent breeding performance. We report a number of negative carry-over effects of non-breeding activity on breeding, which were generally stronger in shyer individuals: more active winters were followed by later breeding phenology and poorer breeding performance in shy birds, but these effects were weaker or undetected in bolder individuals. Our study quantifies individual variability in the strength of carry-over effects on breeding and provides a mechanism explaining widespread differences in individual reproductive success.

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