scholarly journals The effect of chronic diseases on physical function. Comparison between activities of daily living scales and the Physical Performance Test

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENZO ROZZINI ◽  
GIOVANNI B. FRISONI ◽  
LUIGI FERRUCCI ◽  
PIERA BARBISONI ◽  
BRUNO BERTOZZI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Physical Performance Test

scholarly journals Assessing Mobility in Older Adults: The UAB Study of Aging Life-Space Assessment

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 1008-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Peel ◽  
Patricia Sawyer Baker ◽  
David L Roth ◽  
Cynthia J Brown ◽  
Eric V Bodner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Life Space ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Performance Results

Abstract Background and Purpose. The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Study of Aging Life-Space Assessment (LSA) is a relatively new instrument to measure mobility. The purpose of this report is to describe the relationships between LSA and traditional measures of physical function, sociodemographic characteristics, depression, and cognitive status. Subjects. Subjects were a stratified random sample of 998 Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years. The sample was 50% African American, 50% male, and 50% from rural (versus urban) counties. Methods. In-home interviews were conducted. Mobility was measured using the LSA, which documents where and how often subjects travel and any assistance needed during the 4 weeks prior to the assessment. Basic activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), cognitive status, income level, presence of depressive symptoms, and transportation resources were determined. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) was used to assess physical performance. Results. Simple bivariate correlations indicated a significant relationship between LSA and all variables except residence (rural versus urban). In a regression model, physical function (ADL, IADL) and physical performance (SPPB) accounted for 45.5% of the variance in LSA scores. An additional 12.7% of the variance was explained by sociodemographic variables, and less than 1% was explained by cognition and depressive symptoms. Discussion and Conclusion. The LSA can be used to document patients' mobility within their home and community. The LSA scores are associated with a person's physical capacity and other factors that may limit mobility. These scores can be used in combination with other tests and measures to generate clinical hypotheses to explain mobility deficits and to plan appropriate interventions to address these deficits.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL FUNCTION AND BODY COMPOSITION AS NUTRITIONAL OUTCOMES: ASSESSMENT APPROACHES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S392-S392
Author(s):  
Connie W Bales ◽  
Kathryn N Porter Starr ◽  
Marshall Miller
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Physical Performance Test ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Obesity Interventions

Abstract Nutritional status is a strong determinant of both body composition and physical function (PF), parameters that are closely interrelated but rarely evaluated in the clinical setting due to cost, access, and lack of agreement on best approaches in older adults. Recent evidence that changes in muscle mass do not closely correspond to changes in muscle function will be reviewed in the context of our studies of higher protein obesity interventions. PF assessments, including indices for older adults (Short Physical Performance Battery and Physical Performance Test), as well as specific tests like gait speed and handgrip strength, will be explained as nutrition outcomes and in relation to body composition from air displacement (BodPod) and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). These results, along with new studies of muscle quality, will bring a better understanding of the complexity of responses to nutritional interventions designed to optimize body mass and composition in older adults.

scholarly journals Identifying Early Decline of Physical Function in Community-Dwelling Older Women: Performance-Based and Self-Report Measures

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S Brach ◽  
Jessie M VanSwearingen ◽  
Anne B Newman ◽  
Andrea M Kriska
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Functional Status Questionnaire

Abstract Background and Purpose. The ability to identify early decline in physical function is important, but older people experiencing decline may fail to report the early changes in physical function. The purpose of this study was to compare the descriptions of physical function in community-dwelling older women obtained using performance-based and self-report measures. Subjects and Methods. One hundred seventy community-dwelling women with a mean age of 74.3 years (SD=4.3, range=56.6–83.6) completed the activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and social activity (SA) sections of the Functional Status Questionnaire (FSQ). They also completed performance-based measures of gait speed and the 7-item Physical Performance Test (PPT). Results. The majority of the women scored at the ceiling for the self-report measures of function (ADL=77%, IADL=61%, SA=94%), whereas only 7% scored at the ceiling for the PPT and 30% scored at the ceiling for gait speed (defined as >1.2 m/s). For 2 items of the FSQ, sensitivity was low (8% and 9%) and specificity was high (97% and 98%) compared with performance on the PPT. Discussion and Conclusion. In this sample of community-dwelling older women, performance-based measures identified more limitations in physical function than did self-report measures.

scholarly journals The Association Between Self-Reported and Performance-Based Physical Function With Activities of Daily Living Disability in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra J Mayhew ◽  
Lauren E Griffith ◽  
Anne Gilsing ◽  
Marla K Beauchamp ◽  
Ayse Kuspinar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Physical function limitations precede disability and are a target to prevent or delay disability in aging adults. The objective of this article was to assess the relationship between self-report and performance-based measures of physical function with disability. Methods Baseline data (2012–2015) from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (n = 51,338) was used. Disability was defined as having a limitation for at least one of 14 activities of daily living. Physical function was measured using 14 questions across three domains (upper body, lower body, and dexterity) and five performance-based tests (gait speed, timed up and go, single leg stance, chair rise, and grip strength). Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between physical function operationalized as (i) at least one limitation, (ii) presence or absence of limitations in each individual domain/test, and (iii) number of domains/tests with limitations, with disability. Results In the 21,241 participants with self-reported function data, the odds of disability were 1.87 (95% CI: 1.56–2.24), 6.78 (5.68–8.08), and 14.43 (11.50–18.1) for one, two, and three limited domains, respectively. In the 30,097 participants with performance-based measures of function, the odds of disability ranged from 1.53 (1.33–1.76) for one test limited to 14.91 (11.56–19.26) for all five tests limited. Conclusions Both performance-based and self-report measures of physical function were associated with disability. Each domain and performance test remained associated with disability after adjustment for the other domains and tests. Disability risk was higher when the number of self-report domains and performance-based limitations increased.

scholarly journals The role of physical and cognitive function in performance of activities of daily living in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease – a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederikke K Clemmensen ◽  
Kristine Hoffmann ◽  
Volkert Siersma ◽  
Nanna Sobol ◽  
Nina Beyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Several factors may play a role in the ability of patients with Alzheimer’s disease to perform activities of daily living (ADL). The aim of this study was to examine the impact of different aspects of physical performance and cognitive functions on ADL in patients suffering from mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Methods We conducted secondary analyses on cross-sectional baseline data from the randomized controlled multicentre study “Preserving quality of life, physical health and functional ability in Alzheimer’s Disease: The effect of physical exercise” (ADEX). In total, 185 AD patients (76 women and 109 men), with a mean age on 70,4 years, were included. Data from physical performance tests (Astrand cycle test, Timed up & Go (TUG), Sit to Stand test (STS)) and cognitive tests (Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Stroop Color and Word test (Stroop)) were used. Their associations with ADL, measured on the ADCS-ADL scale was assessed in multivariable regression analyses. Results SDMT and MMSE had significant, moderate correlations with total ADL (SDMT: r = 0.33, MMSE: r = 0.42) and instrumental ADL (SDMT: r = 0.31, MMSE: r = 0.42), but not with basic ADL. Adjusting for age and sex, the associations between SDMT and MMSE to total ADL and instrumental ADL persisted. No significant associations were found between Astrand, TUG, STS or Stroop and total ADL, basic ADL or instrumental ADL. Conclusion Total ADL and instrumental ADL are associated with cognitive functions, including executive function. No significant association between examined physical performance parameters and ADL functions was observed, and consequently does not support an impact of physical function on ADL functions in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease and relatively well-preserved physical function. Strategies aimed to improve cognition may be better suited to improve ADL function in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Trial registration NCT01681602. Registered 10 September 2012, retrospectively registered.

The Effect of a Novel ADL-Based Training Program on Performance of Activities of Daily Living and Physical Fitness

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica C. Dobek ◽  
Karen N. White ◽  
Katherine B. Gunter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Physical Performance Test ◽  
Improved Performance

The purpose of this study was to determine the degree to which a novel training program based on activities of daily living (ADL) would affect performance of ADLs, as well as the fitness of older adults. Fourteen individuals (mean age 82 years) took part in a 10-week control period followed by a 10-week ADL-based training program. Pre- and posttests included the Physical Performance Test (PPT), the Physical Functional Performance–10 (PFP-10), and the Senior Fitness Test (SFT). After the training period, improvements ranging from 7% to 33% (p < .05) were seen on the PPT and PFP-10 and on three items of the SFT. After conversion to standard scores, the magnitude of change in the PPT and the PFP-10 was significantly greater (p < .05) than the magnitude of change in the SFT. These data support the idea that this novel ADL-based training program was able to facilitate improved performance of ADLs, as well as select measures of fitness among older adults.

scholarly journals The Association Between Lipoproteins, Disability, and Physical Function Among Older Costa Rican Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Chanti-Ketterl ◽  
Alyssa Gamaldo ◽  
Ross Andel ◽  
Roland J. Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Chair Stand ◽  
Adl Disability

Objective: To examine the relationship between total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) with disability and physical performance. Method: Wave 1 data were from Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study ( n = 2,827). Lipoprotein profiles were measured using blood samples. Disability and physical functioning were measured with activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs/IADLs) and objective assessment of physical performance. Results: Lower HDL-C was associated with greater ADL disability, and lower TC with longer time to pick-a-pencil and Time-Up-Go (TUG) test. Age interacted between (a) TG and lung function, chair stands, and pick-a-pencil, and (b) HDL-C and TUG. Stratification showed lower TG and longer time picking up a pencil only for those above 84 years. Based on significant interactions with sex, lower TC was associated with slower chair stand time in women and higher HDL-C with slower chair stand time in men. Discussion: Lower levels of lipoproteins may suggest worse physical function, but the association may differ by sex.

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