Finitely presented semigroups in knot theory. Oriented case

2004 ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Dynnikov
Keyword(s):  
Knot Theory ◽  
Finitely Presented

scholarly journals Reidemeister moves and groups

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1540006
Author(s):  
Vassily Olegovich Manturov
Keyword(s):  
Group Theory ◽  
Knot Theory ◽  
Free Groups ◽  
Equivalence Classes ◽  
Finitely Presented Groups ◽  
Combinatorial Objects ◽  
Reidemeister Moves ◽  
Interesting Class ◽  
Finitely Presented

Recently, the author discovered an interesting class of knot-like objects called free knots. These purely combinatorial objects are equivalence classes of Gauss diagrams modulo Reidemeister moves (the same notion in the language of words was introduced by Turaev [Topology of words, Proc. Lond. Math. Soc.95(3) (2007) 360–412], who thought all free knots to be trivial). As it turned out, these new objects are highly nontrivial, see [V. O. Manturov, Parity in knot theory, Mat. Sb.201(5) (2010) 65–110], and even admit nontrivial cobordism classes [V. O. Manturov, Parity and cobordisms of free knots, Mat. Sb.203(2) (2012) 45–76]. An important issue is the existence of invariants where a diagram evaluates to itself which makes such objects "similar" to free groups: An element has its minimal representative which "lives inside" any representative equivalent to it. In this paper, we consider generalizations of free knots by means of (finitely presented) groups. These new objects have lots of nontrivial properties coming from both knot theory and group theory. This connection allows one not only to apply group theory to various problems in knot theory but also to apply Reidemeister moves to the study of (finitely presented) groups. Groups appear naturally in this setting when graphs are embedded in surfaces.

QFT and unification of knot theories

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (24) ◽  
pp. 1430025
Author(s):  
Alexey Sleptsov
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Knot Theory ◽  
Topological Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Knot Invariants ◽  
Topological Quantum

We discuss relation between knot theory and topological quantum field theory. Also it is considered a theory of superpolynomial invariants of knots which generalizes all other known theories of knot invariants. We discuss a possible generalization of topological quantum field theory with the help of superpolynomial invariants.

Weight Systems from Feynman Diagrams

1998 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 61-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Kreimer
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Knot Theory ◽  
Feynman Diagrams ◽  
Weight System ◽  
Term Relation ◽  
Renormalization Theory

We find that the overall UV divergences of a renormalizable field theory with trivalent vertices fulfil a four-term relation. They thus come close to establish a weight system. This provides a first explanation of the recent successful association of renormalization theory with knot theory.

Noncommutative G-semihereditary rings

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yunxia Li ◽  
Jiangsheng Hu
Keyword(s):  
Associative Ring ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Projective Modules ◽  
The Third ◽  
Flat Modules ◽  
Gorenstein Projective Modules ◽  
Direct Limits ◽  
Gorenstein Flat ◽  
Finitely Presented ◽  
Semihereditary Rings

In this paper, we introduce and study left (right) [Formula: see text]-semihereditary rings over any associative ring, and these rings are exactly [Formula: see text]-semihereditary rings defined by Mahdou and Tamekkante provided that [Formula: see text] is a commutative ring. Some new characterizations of left [Formula: see text]-semihereditary rings are given. Applications go in three directions. The first is to give a sufficient condition when a finitely presented right [Formula: see text]-module is Gorenstein flat if and only if it is Gorenstein projective provided that [Formula: see text] is left coherent. The second is to investigate the relationships between Gorenstein flat modules and direct limits of finitely presented Gorenstein projective modules. The third is to obtain some new characterizations of semihereditary rings, [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] rings and [Formula: see text] rings.

A. A. Fridman. Stépéni nérazréšimosti problémy toždéstva v konéčno oprédélénnyh gruppah. Doklady Akadémii Nauk SSSR, vol. 147 (1962), pp. 805–808. - A. A. Fridman. Degrees of insolvability of the word problem in finitely defined groups. English translation of the preceding by Sue Ann Walker. Soviet mathematics, vol. 3 no. 6 (1962), pp. 1733–1737. - C. R. J. Clapham. Finitely presented groups with word problems of arbitrary degrees of insolubility. Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, ser. 3 vol. 14 (1964), pp. 633–676. - William W. Boone. Finitely presented group whose word problem has the same degree as that of an arbitrarily given Thue system (an application of methods of Britton). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 53 (1965), pp. 265–269. - William W. Boone. Word problems and recursively enumerable degrees of unsolvability. A first paper on Thue systems. Annals of mathematics, ser. 2 vol. 83 (1966), pp. 520–571. - William W. Boone. Word problems and recursively enumerable degrees of unsolvability. A sequel on finitely presented groups. Annals of mathematics, ser. 2 vol. 84 (1966), pp. 49–84.

1968 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
J. C. Shepherdson
Keyword(s):  
Word Problem ◽  
Word Problems ◽  
Nauk Sssr ◽  
London Mathematical Society ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Doklady Akademii Nauk Sssr ◽  
Finitely Presented Groups ◽  
Recursively Enumerable ◽  
Finitely Presented ◽  
Degrees Of Unsolvability

scholarly journals Coordinates of the representation space in the semisimple Lie group of rank one

1998 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inkang Kim
Keyword(s):  
Rank One ◽  
Noetherian Property ◽  
Marked Length Spectrum ◽  
Algebraic Convergence ◽  
Finite Step ◽  
Group Of Isometries ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Nested Sequence ◽  
Finitely Presented ◽  
Double Limit

In this paper we show that the space of irreducible representations from a finitely presented group into the group of isometries of a rank one symmetric space of non-compact type, embeds into ℝn for some n, where the coordinates are the translation lengths of isometries in the representation. The ingredients of the proof consist of the two facts that the representation is determined by its marked length spectrum and that the nested sequence of algebraic subvarieties is stabilised at a finite step by the Noetherian property of the polynomial ring. As a minor application, we use this fact to simplify McMullen's proof about the exponential algebraic convergence of Thurston's double limit to the geometrically infinite manifold in the space of discrete faithful representations of π1(S) in Iso+.

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