Parallel and normal correspondence of two-dimensional surfaces in the four-dimensional Euclidean space 𝐸₄

1970 ◽  
pp. 139-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Krivonosov
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Space ◽  
Dimensional Euclidean Space ◽  
Two Dimensional

An asymptotic analysis for Hamilton–Jacobi equations with large Hamiltonian drift terms

2017 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiga Kumagai
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Behavior ◽  
Euclidean Space ◽  
Asymptotic Analysis ◽  
Open Subset ◽  
Dimensional Euclidean Space ◽  
Asymptotic Behavior Of Solutions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Jacobi Equations ◽  
Drift Terms

AbstractWe investigate the asymptotic behavior of solutions of Hamilton–Jacobi equations with large Hamiltonian drift terms in an open subset of the two-dimensional Euclidean space. The drift is given by

scholarly journals Trading spaces: building three-dimensional nets from two-dimensional tilings

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toen Castle ◽  
Myfanwy E. Evans ◽  
Stephen T. Hyde ◽  
Stuart Ramsden ◽  
Vanessa Robins
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Space ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Dimensional Euclidean Space ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Complex Patterns ◽  
Geometrically Complex

We construct some examples of finite and infinite crystalline three-dimensional nets derived from symmetric reticulations of homogeneous two-dimensional spaces: elliptic ( S 2 ), Euclidean ( E 2 ) and hyperbolic ( H 2 ) space. Those reticulations are edges and vertices of simple spherical, planar and hyperbolic tilings. We show that various projections of the simplest symmetric tilings of those spaces into three-dimensional Euclidean space lead to topologically and geometrically complex patterns, including multiple interwoven nets and tangled nets that are otherwise difficult to generate ab initio in three dimensions.

scholarly journals An Exact Equation for Wilson Loops in Two-Dimensional Euclidean Space

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (27) ◽  
pp. 1925-1929
Author(s):  
Mofazzal Azam
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Space ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Dimensional Euclidean Space ◽  
Exact Equation ◽  
Wilson Loops ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Abelian Gauge

We derive an exact equation for simple self non-intersecting Wilson loops in non-Abelian gauge theories with gauge fields interacting with fermions in two-dimensional Euclidean space.

Operator regularization on the hypersphere

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 669-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. C. McKeon
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Space ◽  
Sigma Model ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Stereographic Projection ◽  
Mass Parameter ◽  
Field Theories ◽  
Dimensional Euclidean Space ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Infrared Cutoff

Operator regularization has proved to be a viable way of computing radiative corrections that avoids both the insertion of a regulating parameter into the initial Lagrangian and the occurrence of explicit infinities at any stage of the calculation. We show how this regulating technique can be used in conjunction with field theories defined on an n + 1-dimensional hypersphere, which is the stereographic projection of n-dimensional Euclidean space. The radius of the hypersphere acts as an infrared cutoff, thus eliminating the need to insert a mass parameter to serve as an infrared regulator. This has the advantage of leaving conformai symmetry present in massless theories, intact. We illustrate our approach by considering [Formula: see text], massless Yang–Mills gauge theories and the two-dimensional nonlinear bosonic sigma model with torsion. In the last model, the lowest mode is used as an infrared cutoff.

scholarly journals Entropy of Badminton Strike Positions

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 799
Author(s):  
Javier Galeano ◽  
Miguel-Ángel Gomez ◽  
Fernando Rivas ◽  
Javier M. Buldú
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Space ◽  
Dimensional Euclidean Space ◽  
Standard Entropy ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Entropy ◽  
Four Corners ◽  
Lower Entropy ◽  
High Uncertainty

The aim of the current study was twofold: (i) to investigate the distribution of the strike positions of badminton players while quantifying the corresponding standard entropy and using an alternative metric (spatial entropy) related to winning and losing points and random positions; and (ii) to evaluate the standard entropy of the receiving positions. With the datasets of 259 badminton matches, we focused on the positions of players’ strokes and the outcome of each point. First, we identified those regions of the court from which hits were most likely to be struck. Second, we computed the standard entropy of stroke positions, and then the spatial entropy, which also considers the order and clustering of the hitting locations in a two-dimensional Euclidean space. Both entropy quantifiers revealed high uncertainty in the striking position; however, specific court locations (i.e., the four corners) are preferred over the rest. When the outcome of each point was taken into account, we observed that the hitting patterns with lower entropy were associated with higher probabilities of winning points. On the contrary, players striking from more random positions were more prone to losing the points.

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