A Large Survey of Croatian Wild Mammals for Giardia duodenalis Reveals a Low Prevalence and Limited Zoonotic Potential

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1049-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Relja Beck ◽  
Hein Sprong ◽  
Snjezana Lucinger ◽  
Edoardo Pozio ◽  
Simone M. Cacciò
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Large Survey

scholarly journals Giardia duodenalis assemblages and Entamoeba species infecting non-human primates in an Italian zoological garden: zoonotic potential and management traits

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Berrilli ◽  
Cristina Prisco ◽  
Klaus G Friedrich ◽  
Pilar Di Cerbo ◽  
David Di Cave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Zoological Garden

Zoonotic potential of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Giardia duodenalis in horses and donkeys in northern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 1101-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falei Li ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Yaqiong Guo ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Yaoyu Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Zoonotic Potential

scholarly journals Intestinal Parasites of Owned Dogs and Cats from Metropolitan and Micropolitan Areas: Prevalence, Zoonotic Risks, and Pet Owner Awareness in Northern Italy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Aurelio Zanzani ◽  
Alessia Libera Gazzonis ◽  
Paola Scarpa ◽  
Federica Berrilli ◽  
Maria Teresa Manfredi
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites ◽  
Pet Owner

Intestinal parasites of dogs and cats are cosmopolitan pathogens with zoonotic potential for humans. Our investigation considered their diffusion in dogs and cats from northern Italy areas, specifically the metropolitan area of Milan and two micropolitan areas of neighboring provinces. It included the study of the level of awareness in pet owners of the zoonotic potential from these parasites. A total of 409 fresh fecal samples were collected from household dogs and cats for copromicroscopic analysis and detection ofGiardia duodenaliscoproantigens. The assemblages ofGiardiawere also identified. A questionnaire about intestinal parasites biology and zoonotic potential was submitted to 185 pet owners. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites resulted higher in cats (47.37%−60.42%) and dogs (57.41%−43.02%) from micropolitan areas than that from the metropolis of Milan (dogs:P=28.16%; cats:P=32.58%). The zoonotic parasites infecting pets under investigation wereT. canisandT. cati,T. vulpis, Ancylostomatidae, andG. duodenalisassemblage A. Only 49.19% of pet owners showed to be aware of the risks for human health from canine and feline intestinal parasites. Parasitological results in pets and awareness determination in their owners clearly highlight how the role of veterinarians is important in indicating correct and widespread behaviors to reduce risks of infection for pets and humans in urban areas.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Giardia duodenalis: Multilocus Genotyping Reveals Zoonotic Potential between Clinical and Environmental Sources in a Metropolitan Region of Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e115489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Durigan ◽  
Aluana Gonçalves Abreu ◽  
Maria Imaculada Zucchi ◽  
Regina Maura Bueno Franco ◽  
Anete Pereira de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Multilocus Genotyping

scholarly journals Wildlife Is a Potential Source of Human Infections of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Giardia duodenalis in Southeastern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Rongsheng Mi ◽  
Lijuan Yang ◽  
Haiyan Gong ◽  
Chunzhong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Genomic Dnas ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Group 1

Wildlife is known to be a source of high-impact pathogens affecting people. However, the distribution, genetic diversity, and zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, and Giardia duodenalis in wildlife are poorly understood. Here, we conducted the first molecular epidemiological investigation of these three pathogens in wildlife in Zhejiang and Shanghai, China. Genomic DNAs were derived from 182 individual fecal samples from wildlife and then subjected to a nested polymerase chain reaction–based sequencing approach for detection and characterization. Altogether, 3 (1.6%), 21 (11.5%), and 48 (26.4%) specimens tested positive for Cryptosporidium species, E. bieneusi, and G. duodenalis, respectively. Sequence analyses revealed five known (BEB6, D, MJ13, SC02, and type IV) and two novel (designated SH_ch1 and SH_deer1) genotypes of E. bieneusi. Phylogenetically, novel E. bieneusi genotype SH_deer1 fell into group 6, and the other genotypes were assigned to group 1 with zoonotic potential. Three novel Cryptosporidium genotypes (Cryptosporidium avian genotype V-like and C. galli-like 1 and 2) were identified, C. galli-like 1 and 2 formed a clade that was distinct from Cryptosporidium species. The genetic distinctiveness of these two novel genotypes suggests that they represent a new species of Cryptosporidium. Zoonotic assemblage A (n = 36) and host-adapted assemblages C (n = 1) and E (n = 7) of G. duodenalis were characterized. The overall results suggest that wildlife act as host reservoirs carrying zoonotic E. bieneusi and G. duodenalis, potentially enabling transmission from wildlife to humans and other animals.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic aggregation increases zoonotic potential of mammalian viruses

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 20190668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Park
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Phylogenetic Distance ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
High Fitness

While many viruses of wild mammals are capable of infecting humans, our understanding of zoonotic potential is incomplete. Viruses vary in their degree of generalism, characterized by the phylogenetic relationships of their hosts. Among the dimensions of this phylogenetic landscape, phylogenetic aggregation, which is largely overlooked in studies of parasite host range, emerges in this study as a key predictor of zoonotic status of viruses. Plausibly, viruses that exhibit aggregation, typified by discrete clusters of related host species, may (i) have been able to close the phylogenetic distance to humans, (ii) have subsequently acquired an epidemiologically relevant host and (iii) exhibit relatively high fitness in realized host communities, which are frequently phylogenetically aggregated. These mechanisms associated with phylogenetic aggregation may help explain why correlated fundamental traits, such as the ability of viruses to replicate in the cytoplasm, are associated with zoonoses.

scholarly journals MOLECULAR TYPING OF Giardia duodenalis ISOLATES FROM NONHUMAN PRIMATES HOUSED IN A BRAZILIAN ZOO

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Boarato David ◽  
Mariella Patti ◽  
Silvana Torossian Coradi ◽  
Teresa Cristina Goulart Oliveira-Sequeira ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Alouatta Seniculus ◽  
Alouatta Caraya ◽  
Ateles Belzebuth

Giardia infections in captive nonhuman primates (NHP) housed at a Brazilian zoo were investigated in order to address their zoonotic potential. Fresh fecal samples were collected from the floors of 22 enclosures where 47 primates of 18 different species were housed. The diagnosis of intestinal parasites after concentration by sedimentation and flotation methods revealed the following parasites and their frequencies: Giardia (18%); Entamoeba spp. (18%); Endolimax nana (4.5%); Iodamoeba spp. (4.5%); Oxyurid (4.5%) and Strongylid (4.5%). Genomic DNA extracted from all samples was processed by PCR methods in order to amplify fragments of gdh and tpi genes of Giardia. Amplicons were obtained from samples of Ateles belzebuth, Alouatta caraya, Alouatta fusca and Alouatta seniculus. Clear sequences were only obtained for the isolates from Ateles belzebuth (BA1), Alouatta fusca (BA2) and Alouatta caraya (BA3). According to the phenetic analyses of these sequences, all were classified as assemblage A. For the tpi gene, all three isolates were grouped into sub-assemblage AII (BA1, BA2 and BA3) whereas for the gdh gene, only BA3 was sub-assemblage AII, and the BA1 and BA2 were sub-assemblage AI. Considering the zoonotic potential of the assemblage A, and that the animals of the present study show no clinical signs of infection, the data obtained here stresses that regular coproparasitological surveys are necessary to implement preventive measures and safeguard the health of the captive animals, of their caretakers and of people visiting the zoological gardens.

scholarly journals Genotypes of Giardia duodenalis in Household Dogs and Cats from Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Piekara-Stępińska ◽  
Jolanta Piekarska ◽  
Michał Gorczykowski ◽  
Jacek Bania
Keyword(s):  
Companion Animals ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Current Frequency ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Pet Dogs ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Giardia duodenalis is a widespread protozoan parasite affecting humans and many species of animals, including dogs and cats. Due to its zoonotic potential, it is important to know the frequency of this parasite in companion animals. The aim of this study was to determine current epidemiological status of G. duodenalis in household dogs and cats. Methods In this study, 293 fecal samples from pet dogs and cats were collected from January 2017 to July 2019 and tested for G. duodenalis by PCR (using β-giardin gene). The animals were divided into groups depending on their age, breed and fecal consistency. Results The examination allowed for detection of G. duodenalis in 6.0% of canine and 3.9% of feline fecal samples. The highest frequency was revealed in young (under one-year old) dogs. Sequencing confirmed the presence of assemblages C and D in dogs and A and F in cats. Conclusion The study showed current frequency of G. duodenalis in dogs and cats and also revealed the occurrence of host-specific assemblages as well as zoonotic assemblage A.

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