Tissue Engineering of Corneal Stromal Layer with Dermal Fibroblasts: Phenotypic and Functional Switch of Differentiated Cells in Cornea

2008 ◽  
pp. 110306233438005
Author(s):  
Yan Qing Zhang ◽  
Wen Jie Zhang ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Xiao Jie Hu ◽  
Guang Dong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Stromal Layer

Tissue Engineering of Corneal Stromal Layer with Dermal Fibroblasts: Phenotypic and Functional Switch of Differentiated Cells in Cornea

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Qing Zhang ◽  
Wen Jie Zhang ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Xiao Jie Hu ◽  
Guang Dong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Stromal Layer

Needleless electrospinning of PVP/PGS fibrous scaffolds for skin tissue engineering applications

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios Keirouz ◽  
Giuseppino Fortunato ◽  
Anthony Callanan ◽  
Norbert Radacsi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Skin Substitute ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Skin Tissue Engineering ◽  
Needleless Electrospinning ◽  
High Concentrations

Scaffolds and implants used for tissue engineering need to be adapted for their mechanical properties with respect to their environment within the human body. Therefore, a novel composite for skin tissue engineering is presented by use of blends of Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and Poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) were fabricated via the needleless electrospinning technique. The formed PGS/PVP blends were morphologically, thermochemically and mechanically characterized. The morphology of the developed fibers related to the concentration of PGS, with high concentrations of PGS merging the fibers together plasticizing the scaffold. The tensile modulus appeared to be affected by the concentration of PGS within the blends, with an apparent decrease in the elastic modulus of the electrospun mats and an exponential increase of the elongation at break. Ultraviolet (UV) crosslinking of PGS/PVP significantly decreased and stabilized the wettability of the formed fiber mats, as indicated by contact angle measurements. In vitro examination showed good viability and proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts over the period of a week. The present findings provide important insights for tuning the elastic properties of electrospun material by incorporating this unique elastomer, as a promising future candidate for skin substitute constructs.

scholarly journals Advanced mycelium materials as potential self-growing biomedical scaffolds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Antinori ◽  
Marco Contardi ◽  
Giulia Suarato ◽  
Andrea Armirotti ◽  
Rosalia Bertorelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Engineering Systems ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Fibrous Network ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractMycelia, the vegetative part of fungi, are emerging as the avant-garde generation of natural, sustainable, and biodegradable materials for a wide range of applications. They are constituted of a self-growing and interconnected fibrous network of elongated cells, and their chemical and physical properties can be adjusted depending on the conditions of growth and the substrate they are fed upon. So far, only extracts and derivatives from mycelia have been evaluated and tested for biomedical applications. In this study, the entire fibrous structures of mycelia of the edible fungi Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum are presented as self-growing bio-composites that mimic the extracellular matrix of human body tissues, ideal as tissue engineering bio-scaffolds. To this purpose, the two mycelial strains are inactivated by autoclaving after growth, and their morphology, cell wall chemical composition, and hydrodynamical and mechanical features are studied. Finally, their biocompatibility and direct interaction with primary human dermal fibroblasts are investigated. The findings demonstrate the potentiality of mycelia as all-natural and low-cost bio-scaffolds, alternative to the tissue engineering systems currently in place.

scholarly journals Suture Fiber Reinforcement of a 3D Printed Gelatin Scaffold for Its Potential Application in Soft Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11600
Author(s):  
Dong Jin Choi ◽  
Kyoung Choi ◽  
Sang Jun Park ◽  
Young-Jin Kim ◽  
Seok Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
3D Scaffolds ◽  
3D Printed

Gelatin has excellent biological properties, but its poor physical properties are a major obstacle to its use as a biomaterial ink. These disadvantages not only worsen the printability of gelatin biomaterial ink, but also reduce the dimensional stability of its 3D scaffolds and limit its application in the tissue engineering field. Herein, biodegradable suture fibers were added into a gelatin biomaterial ink to improve the printability, mechanical strength, and dimensional stability of the 3D printed scaffolds. The suture fiber reinforced gelatin 3D scaffolds were fabricated using the thermo-responsive properties of gelatin under optimized 3D printing conditions (−10 °C cryogenic plate, 40–80 kPa pneumatic pressure, and 9 mm/s printing speed), and were crosslinked using EDC/NHS to maintain their 3D structures. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the morphologies of the 3D printed scaffolds maintained their 3D structure after crosslinking. The addition of 0.5% (w/v) of suture fibers increased the printing accuracy of the 3D printed scaffolds to 97%. The suture fibers also increased the mechanical strength of the 3D printed scaffolds by up to 6-fold, and the degradation rate could be controlled by the suture fiber content. In in vitro cell studies, DNA assay results showed that human dermal fibroblasts’ proliferation rate of a 3D printed scaffold containing 0.5% suture fiber was 10% higher than that of a 3D printed scaffold without suture fibers after 14 days of culture. Interestingly, the supplement of suture fibers into gelatin biomaterial ink was able to minimize the cell-mediated contraction of the cell cultured 3D scaffolds over the cell culture period. These results show that advanced biomaterial inks can be developed by supplementing biodegradable fibers to improve the poor physical properties of natural polymer-based biomaterial inks.

Abstract 189: HuR, RNA Stabilizing Protein, Regulation of Pluripotency and Differentiation in iPSCs

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahana Suresh Babu ◽  
Johnson Rajasingh ◽  
Wing Tak Wong ◽  
Prasanna Krishnamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Dermal Fibroblast ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Human Dermal Fibroblast ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
General Observation ◽  
Transcript Stability ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Background: The Hu family of RNA-binding proteins, HuR (also known as ELAVL1 or human embryonic lethal abnormal vision-like protein), binds to the 3’-untranslated region of mRNAs and regulates transcript stability and translation. Global deletion of HuR is embryonically lethal in mice and plays a critical role in progenitor cell survival and biology. Induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have distinct transcriptional machinery for the maintenance of pluripotency and achievement of differentiation. However, the exact role of HuR in pluripotency or differentiation of iPSC to cardiomyocytes (iCM) remains unclear. Methods: HuR knockdown in human dermal fibroblast-derived iPSCs was achieved by CRISPR/Cas9 or lentiviral shRNA transduction and subsequently differentiated into cardiomyocytes (iCM). Then, the expression of HuR, pluripotency and cardiomyocyte markers were evaluated on days 0, 1, 3, 6, 8 and 17 following the initiation of differentiation. Results: At basal level, HuR expression was higher in the iPSCs compared to dermal fibroblasts. Upon differentiation of iPSCs into iCM, HuR mRNA expression gradually reduced with significantly lower levels on day 17. As expected, pluripotency markers gradually reduced upon differentiation with significantly lower levels from day 6 onwards. We observed a corresponding increase in ISL1, MESP1 (mesoderm/cardiac progenitor markers) from day 3 through day 8 with a steep fall from day 8 to day 17. This was associated with Myosin light chain-2V and GATA4 expression increases from day 8 through day 17. Interestingly, knockdown of HuR resulted in clumps of colonies with differentiated cells and a corresponding increase in cardiac-troponin positive cells. However, as a general observation, HuR knockdown reduced beating intensity compared to wild type cells. Conclusions: Based on these data, we could speculate that HuR might be necessary for maintenance of pluripotency and loss of which renders cells to differentiate in culture. HuR knockdown yields higher number of c-troponin positive cells but its effect on functional maturity of iCM needs to be further evaluated.

scholarly journals Effect of Chitin Nanofibrils on Biocompatibility and Bioactivity of the Chitosan-Based Composite Film Matrix Intended for Tissue Engineering

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Smirnova ◽  
Konstantin A. Kolbe ◽  
Elena N. Dresvyanina ◽  
Sergey F. Grebennikov ◽  
Irina P. Dobrovolskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Human Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Optimal Balance

This paper discusses the mechanical and physicochemical properties of film matrices based on chitosan, as well as the possibility of optimizing these properties by adding chitin nanofibrils. It is shown that with the introduction of chitin nanofibrils as a filler, the mechanical stability of the composite materials increases. By varying the concentration of chitin nanofibrils, it is possible to obtain a spectrum of samples with different bioactive properties for the growth of human dermal fibroblasts. Film matrices based on the nanocomposite of chitosan and 5 wt % chitin nanofibrils have an optimal balance of mechanical and physicochemical properties and bioactivity in relation to the culture of human dermal fibroblasts.

scholarly journals Polycaprolactone-Chitin Nanofibrous Mats as Potential Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Sup Kim ◽  
Sang Jun Park ◽  
Bon Kang Gu ◽  
Chun-Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Human Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Poly Caprolactone ◽  
Scanning Electron

We describe here the preparation of poly(caprolactone) (PCL)-chitin nanofibrous mats by electrospinning from a blended solution of PCL and chitin dissolved in a cosolvent, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol and trifluoroacetic acid. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the neutralized PCL-chitin nanofibrous mats were morphologically stable, with a mean diameter of340.5±2.6 nm, compared with a diameter of524.2±12.1 nm for PCL mats. The nanofibrous mats showed decreased water contact angles as the proportion of chitin increased. However, the tensile properties of nanofibrous mats containing30~50% (wt/wt) chitin were enhanced compared with PCL-only mats.In vitrostudies showed that the viability of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) for up to 7 days in culture was higher on composite (OD value:1.42±0.09) than on PCL-only (0.51±0.14) nanofibrous mats, with viability correlated with chitin concentration. Together, our results suggest that PCL-chitin nanofibrous mats can be used as an implantable substrate to modulate HDF viability in tissue engineering.

scholarly journals 3D printing of bioreactors in tissue engineering: A generalised approach

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242615
Author(s):  
Marius Gensler ◽  
Anna Leikeim ◽  
Marc Möllmann ◽  
Miriam Komma ◽  
Susanne Heid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Tissue Construct

3D printing is a rapidly evolving field for biological (bioprinting) and non-biological applications. Due to a high degree of freedom for geometrical parameters in 3D printing, prototype printing of bioreactors is a promising approach in the field of Tissue Engineering. The variety of printers, materials, printing parameters and device settings is difficult to overview both for beginners as well as for most professionals. In order to address this problem, we designed a guidance including test bodies to elucidate the real printing performance for a given printer system. Therefore, performance parameters such as accuracy or mechanical stability of the test bodies are systematically analysed. Moreover, post processing steps such as sterilisation or cleaning are considered in the test procedure. The guidance presented here is also applicable to optimise the printer settings for a given printer device. As proof of concept, we compared fused filament fabrication, stereolithography and selective laser sintering as the three most used printing methods. We determined fused filament fabrication printing as the most economical solution, while stereolithography is most accurate and features the highest surface quality. Finally, we tested the applicability of our guidance by identifying a printer solution to manufacture a complex bioreactor for a perfused tissue construct. Due to its design, the manufacture via subtractive mechanical methods would be 21-fold more expensive than additive manufacturing and therefore, would result in three times the number of parts to be assembled subsequently. Using this bioreactor we showed a successful 14-day-culture of a biofabricated collagen-based tissue construct containing human dermal fibroblasts as the stromal part and a perfusable central channel with human microvascular endothelial cells. Our study indicates how the full potential of biofabrication can be exploited, as most printed tissues exhibit individual shapes and require storage under physiological conditions, after the bioprinting process.

Proliferation and Fiber Formation of Human Dermal Fibroblasts on Patterned Differentially Adherent Substrates

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan R. Schiele ◽  
Douglas B. Chrisey ◽  
David T. Corr
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Fiber Formation ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Myoblast Cells

Fibroblast cells are crucial in the human body for maintenance of the extracellular matrix, including synthesizing macromolecules like collagen, and they play a critical role in wound healing of soft tissues such as skin [1]. Directing fibroblast growth is an important step in tissue engineering where the focus has gone from a top-down approach of homogeneously introducing cells into a pre-formed scaffold to a bottom-up approach in which the tissue construct is built on a cell-by-cell basis with ability to manipulate specific cell environments through location, proximity, and geometry. The ability to direct cell proliferation to encourage organized tissue formation can provide tissue engineers a means of controlling the architectural and mechanical properties of soft tissue scaffolds. This approach to functional tissue engineering represents a novel direction for the development of replacement tissues. Previous attempts of directed growth have proven successful with C2C12 mouse myoblast cells. Using laser micromachined channels in agarose hydrogel lined with a basement membrane matrix, myoblast cells were guided to align and produce myotubes [2]. The objective of the current study was to apply similar principals to direct fibroblast cell growth and proliferation, ultimately leading to their growth into three-dimensional fibers, on differentially adherent substrates. Channels (widths ranging from 60 μm to 200 μm) were laser micromachined in agarose gel to explore an optimal geometry for cellular proliferation and fiber formation. The fibroblast cells used range in size from roughly 20–30 μm. Thus, the width of each channel was chosen to explore which multiple of cell width would allow for directional alignment parallel to the channel and subsequent fiber growth. The ability to direct fibroblast cells to align and produce fibers through manipulation of their environment is critical to our laboratory’s ongoing efforts to develop three-dimensional customized tissue replacement constructs to be used in many soft tissue applications such as ligament and skin grafts.

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