AIDS in a Hemophiliac Child Transmitted by Cryoprecipitate and with Negative HIV Antibodies by Western Blot

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
JULIE M. SLIGH ◽  
ALAN P. KNUTSEN ◽  
JOHN D. BOUHASIN
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Hiv Antibodies

scholarly journals 2516. Persistence of Anti-HIV Antibodies in HIV-1-infected Patients on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) with Prolonged Viral Suppression

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S874-S874
Author(s):  
Kanal Singh ◽  
Ivery Davis ◽  
Robin L Dewar ◽  
Hiromi Imamichi ◽  
H Clifford Lane
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Quantitative Calculation ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background Despite years of cART with sustained HIV-RNA plasma viral load (pVL) < 50 copies/mL, antibodies (Abs) to HIV-1 proteins persist. The reasons for this are unknown but may reflect long-lived B cell responses and/or persistence of antigen. To address which of these may be the case, we compared decay rates of anti-HIV Abs to those of anti-Measles Abs. Methods A cohort of 10 HIV-infected patients on cART with pVL < 50 (average 3 years, range 0–7.1 years) were studied. Baseline and 5-year follow-up serum were collected and assessed for anti-HIV-1 Abs via western blot (Cambridge Biotech WB kit), with additional densiometric analysis used for quantitative calculation of a western blot “score” that was normalized to control specimens. The kinetics of measles Abs titers over the same 5-year period were also analyzed by the quantitative Serion Measles IgG ELISA kit, given a history of prior vaccination in these participants. McNemar’s and paired t-tests were used for analysis. Results All 10 patients exhibited persistence of anti-HIV-1 Abs at ≥ 5 year follow-up as determined by persistence of ≥ 2 diagnostic bands on WB (P = 0.003). The patterns for all 10 participants varied individually by patient with each exhibiting a unique profile (representative figure); 7/10 patients had WBs that could be analyzed quantitatively and showed no significant change over the study period (average baseline score 5.9 vs 5.3 at follow-up, P = 0.26). 7/9 patients had valid measles IgG measurements showing a consistent but nonsignificant decline over the same 5-year study period (measles titer 55–2800 mIU/mL at baseline vs 50–1300 mIU/mL at follow-up, n = 9, P = 0.18). Conclusion The mechanism leading to the persistence of anti-HIV-1 Abs in HIV-infected individuals with prolonged viral suppression has been unclear. The general decline in anti-Measles IgG titer over the 5-year observational period in 7/9 patients is likely to be explained by waning B cell-mediated humoral immunity in these vaccinated individuals and consistent with their lack of ongoing exposure to this pathogen. The persistence of anti-HIV-1 Abs over the same 5-year period, on the other hand, may indicate persistent HIV-1 viral protein production either from active reservoirs or by transcription of “defective” HIV-1 proviruses as recently reported. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

HIV antibodies in whole saliva detected by ELISA and western blot assays

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Holmström ◽  
S. Syrjänen ◽  
P. Laine ◽  
S-L. Valle ◽  
J. Suni
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Hiv Antibodies

scholarly journals Combined Treatment with Tenofovir (C9H14N5O4P), Emtricitabine (C8H10FN3O3S) and Efavirenz (C14H9ClF3NO2) in Multiple Spleen Abscesses with Bacterial and Fungal Etiology in HIV Infected Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-487
Author(s):  
Livius Tirnea ◽  
Oana Belei ◽  
Mirela Tomescu ◽  
Daniel Malita ◽  
Daliborca Cristina Vlad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Splenic Abscess ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Total Splenectomy

Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection represent a risk group for developing spleen abscesses. The paper presents a short review and case illustration, describing the characteristics and underling treatment of HIV-infected patients with infectious comorbidities. There are few reports in literature of multiple spleen abscesses with double, microbial and fungal etiology in HIV-infected patients. A 35 years old male patient was referred to the Infectious Diseases Clinic with prolonged fever. In the last 2 years he had worked as a waiter and had multiple unprotected sexual contacts. The physical examination showed: fever, tongue and pharynx with Candida albicans deposits, enlarged cervical, submandibular, axillar, inguinal lymph nodes and splenomegaly. Biological tests including HIV antibodies (Ab) ELISA, CD4, HIV Western blot test, cultures and paraclinical investigations-abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography were performed. There was a significant inflammatory response, HIV Ab were positive, CD4 cells=17/�L and Western blot HIV test was positive. Abdominal ultrasonography showed: splenomegaly with 3 hypoechogenic round images (13-17mm) at the superior pole, in the hilum and inferior pole. HIV infection stage C3 with oropharyngeal candidiasis and multiple splenic abscesses were diagnosed. After 6 weeks of antibiotic and antifungal therapy total splenectomy was performed. The cultures from splenic abscess contents revealed Acinetobacter baumannii and Cryptococcus neoformans. Under appropriate antibiotic and antifungal treatment, the postoperatory evolution was favorable.

Vorkommen von Antikörpern gegen das bovine Immunschwächevirus bei Rindern in Bayern

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (05) ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
Maren Bartels ◽  
Katrin Hartmann ◽  
L. Scobie ◽  
O. Jarrett ◽  
W. Klee
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen einer epidemiologischen Untersuchung zur Infektion mit dem bovinen Immunschwächevirus (BIV) bei Rindern in Oberbayern erfolgten zwei Studien, in denen Serum mittels indirektem ELISA auf BIV-Antikörper untersucht wurde. Die ELISA-Ergebnisse der BIV-positiven Tiere der Studie I wurden mittels Western Blot bestätigt. In Studie I wurde Blut von 173 ungezielt ausgewählten Rinderpatienten der II. Medizinischen Tierklinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München untersucht. Von diesen waren acht Tiere BIV-infiziert. Das entspricht einer Prävalenz von 4,6%. Alle positiven Tiere waren über zwei Monate alt. In Studie II wurden 550 Kühe aus 11 oberbayerischen landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben untersucht. Hiervon waren 11 Tiere BIVAntikör-perpositiv. Dies entspricht einer Prävalenz von 2,0%. Die positiven Tiere stammten aus fünf Betrieben mit Boxenlaufstallhaltung. Kein Tier aus Betrieben mit Anbindehaltung war positiv. In Studie II lag das Durchschnittsalter der Kühe aus den Betrieben ohne BIV-infizierte Tiere signifikant höher als in den Betrieben mit BIV-infizierten Tieren. Die Prävalenz von BIV-Antikörpern war zwar unter den kranken Probanden aus Studie I signifikant höher als bei den klinisch unauffälligen Rindern der Studie II, die pathogene Bedeutung des BIV erscheint jedoch fraglich.

Isolation and Structural Charaderization of a Potent Inhibitor of Coagulation Factor Xa from the Leech Haementeria ghilianii

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (03) ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindra Condra ◽  
Elka Nutt ◽  
Christopher J Petroski ◽  
Ellen Simpson ◽  
P A Friedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Bovine Factor

SummaryThe present work reports the discovery and charactenzation of an anticoagulant protein in the salivary gland of the giant bloodsucking leech, H. ghilianii, which is a specific and potent inhibitor of coagulation factor Xa. The inhibitor, purified to homogeneity, displayed subnanomolar inhibition of bovine factor Xa and had a molecular weight of approximately 15,000 as deduced by denaturing SDS-PAGE. The amino acid sequence of the first 43 residues of the H. ghilianii derived inhibitor displayed a striking homology to antistasin, the recently described subnanomolar inhibitor of factor Xa isolated from the Mexican leech, H. officinalis. Antisera prepared to antistasin cross-reacted with the H. ghilianii protein in Western Blot analysis. These data indicate that the giant Amazonian leech, H. ghilianii, and the smaller Mexican leech, H. officinalrs, have similar proteins which disrupt the normal hemostatic clotting mechanisms in their mammalian host’s blood.

Western Blot Analyses of Prekallikrein and its Activation Products in Human Plasma

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (04) ◽  
pp. 382-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dulce Veloso ◽  
Robert W Colman
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Contact System ◽  
Plasma Activation ◽  
Normal Plasma ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Activation Products ◽  
Major Antigen ◽  
Formation Of Complexes

SummaryPrekallikrein (PK), a zymogen of the contact system, and its activation products, kallikrein (KAL), KAl-inhibitor complexes and fragments containing KAL epitope(s) have been detected in human plasma by immunoblotting with a monoclonal anti-human plasma PK antibody, MAb 13G1L. Detection of antigen-MAb 13G11 complexes with peroxidase-conjugated anti-IgG showed that the two variants of PK (85- and 88-kDa) are the only major antigen species in normal, non-activated plasma. Upon plasma activation with kaolin, the intensity of the PK bands decreased with formation of complexes of KAL with CL inhibitor (C1 INH) and α2-rrtzcroglobulin (α2M) identical to those formed by the purified proteins. Immunoblots of normal plasma showed good correlation between the PK detected and the amount of plasma assayed. Increasing amounts of KAL incubated with a constant volume of PK-deficient plasma showed increasing amounts of KAL and of KAL-C1 INH and KAL-α2M complexes. Complexes of KALantithrombin III (ATIII) and the ratio of KALα2M/ KAL-CL INH were higher in activated CL INH-deficient plasmas than in activated normal plasmas. Protein resolution by 3-12% gradient SDS-PAGE and epitope detection with [125I]MAb 13G11 showed four KALα2M species and a 45-kDa fragment(s) in both surface-activated normal plasma and complexes formed by purified KAL and α2M. Immunoblots of activated plasma also showed bands at the position of KALCL INH and KALATIII complexes. When α1-antitrypsin Pittsburgh (cα1-AT, Pitts) was added to plasma before activation, KAL-α1-ALPitts was the main complex. The non-activated normal plasma revealed only an overloaded PK band. This is the first report of an antibody that recognizes KAL epitope(s) in KAL-α2M, KALATIII and KALa1-α1Pitts complexes and in the 45-kDa fragment(s). Therefore, MAb 13G11 should be useful for studying the structure of these complexes as well as the mechanism of complex formation. In addition, immunoblotting with MAb 13G11 would allow detection of KAl-inhibitor complexes in patient plasmas as indicators of activation of the contact system.

Differences in the Interactions of Lupus Anticoagulant IgG with Human Prothrombin and Bovine Prothrombin

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (04) ◽  
pp. 668-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Vijaya Mohan Rao ◽  
An D Hoang ◽  
Samuel I Rapaport
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Phospholipid Complex ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Activation System ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Substantial Extent ◽  
Prothrombin Activation

SummaryLupus anticoagulant (LA) IgGs have been reported to inhibit more effectively and consistently the Xa/Va/phospholipid complex-catalyzed activation of human prothrombin than the Xa/Va/phospholipid complex-catalyzed activation of bovine prothrombin. This led us to carry out studies to determine whether the ability to inhibit the activation of prothrombin of LA IgGs, separated from the plasma of 15 patients by protein A affinity chromatography, could be related to the ability of the LA IgGs to bind to prothrombin under various experimental conditions. Of 14 LA IgG preparations tested all prolonged to a variable but substantial extent the dilute Russell’s viper venom time (dRVVT) of human plasma but only minimally prolonged the dRVVT of bovine plasma. In a purified prothrombin activation system with a rate limiting concentration of phospholipid, all 15 LA IgG preparations inhibited the activation of human prothrombin with the majority showing >50% of inhibition. In contrast, only one LA IgG markedly inhibited (>50%) the activation of bovine prothrombin and five others moderately inhibited (25-40%) the activation of bovine prothrombin. Nevertheless, the majority of LA IgG preparations bound to immobilized bovine prothrombin on a Western blot and also to immobilized bovine prothrombin on a microtiter well. In an ELISA in which phosphatidylserine (PS) was immobilized on microtiter wells, bovine prothrombin supported the binding of 10 of 15 LA IgG preparations to PS. However, the extent of binding was lower than that observed with human prothrombin. In experiments with 125I-human prothrombin or 125I-bovine prothrombin in a solution containing Ca2+, the addition of PS/PC vesicles enhanced the binding of both human and bovine prothrombin to some LA IgG preparations. The enhanced binding was particularly evident for bovine prothrombin. Although seemingly related for some preparations, the ability of a LA IgG to bind to bovine prothrombin, either in the presence or absence of PS, and the ability of that LA IgG to inhibit the activation of bovine prothrombin was not consistently related for all preparations.

Radiosensitivity of glioma to Gamma Knife treatment enhanced in vitro and in vivo by RNA interfering Ku70 that is mediated by a recombinant adenovirus

2010 ◽  
Vol 113 (Special_Supplement) ◽  
pp. 228-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Jia ◽  
Yanhe Li ◽  
Desheng Xu ◽  
Zhenjiang Li ◽  
Zhiyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Blot Analysis ◽  
Western Blot Analysis ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
C6 Glioma ◽  
C6 Glioma Cells ◽  
C6 Cells

Object The authors sought to evaluate modification of the radiation response of C6 glioma cells in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the expression of Ku70. To do so they investigated the effect of gene transfer involving a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus containing Ku70 short hairpin RNA (Ad-Ku70shRNA) combined with Gamma Knife treatment (GKT). Methods First, Ad-Ku70shRNA was transfected into C6 glioma cells and the expression of Ku70 was measured using Western blot analysis. In vitro, phenotypical changes in C6 cells, including proliferation, cell cycle modification, invasion ability, and apoptosis were evaluated using the MTT (3′(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, Western blot analysis, and cell flow cytometry. In vivo, parental C6 cells transfected with Ad-Ku70shRNA were implanted stereotactically into the right caudate nucleus in Sprague-Dawley rats. After GKS, apoptosis was analyzed using the TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling) method. The inhibitory effects on growth and invasion that were induced by expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and matrix metalloproteinase–9 were determined using immunohistochemical analyses. Results The expression of Ku70 was clearly inhibited in C6 cells after transfection with Ad-Ku70shRNA. In vitro following transfection, the C6 cells showed improved responses to GKT, including suppression of proliferation and invasion as well as an increased apoptosis index. In vivo following transfection of Ad-Ku70shRNA, the therapeutic efficacy of GKT in rats with C6 gliomas was greatly enhanced and survival times in these animals were prolonged. Conclusions Our data support the potential for downregulation of Ku70 expression in enhancing the radiosensitivity of gliomas. The findings of our study indicate that targeted gene therapy–mediated inactivation of Ku70 may represent a promising strategy in improving the radioresponsiveness of gliomas to GKT.

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