Microglial Contribution to Secondary Injury Evaluated in a Large Animal Model of Human Spinal Cord Trauma

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1000-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theda Marie Anne Boekhoff ◽  
Eva-Maria Ensinger ◽  
Regina Carlson ◽  
Patricia Bock ◽  
Wolfgang Baumgärtner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Secondary Injury ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Spinal Cord Trauma ◽  
Human Spinal Cord

scholarly journals An intermediate animal model of spinal cord stimulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Guiho ◽  
Christine Azevedo Coste ◽  
Claire Delleci ◽  
Jean-Patrick Chenu ◽  
Jean-Rodolphe Vignes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Spinal Cord Stimulation ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Spinal Roots ◽  
And Control ◽  
Stimulation Of

Spinal cord injuries (SCI) result in the loss of movement and sensory feedback as well as organs dysfunctions. For example, nearly all SCI subjects loose their bladder control and are prone to kidney failure if they do not proceed to intermittent (self-) catheterization. Electrical stimulation of the sacral spinal roots with an implantable neuroprosthesis is a promising approach, with commercialized products, to restore continence and control micturition. However, many persons do not ask for this intervention since a surgical deafferentation is needed and the loss of sensory functions and reflexes become serious side effects of this procedure. Recent results renewed interest in spinal cord stimulation. Stimulation of existing pre-cabled neural networks involved in physiological processes regulation is suspected to enable synergic recruitment of spinal fibers. The development of direct spinal stimulation strategies aiming at bladder and bowel functions restoration would therefore appear as a credible alternative to existent solutions. However, a lack of suitable large animal model complicates these kinds of studies. In this article, we propose a new animal model of spinal stimulation -pig- and will briefly introduce results from one first acute experimental validation session.

scholarly journals Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury in Infant Piglets: Description of a New Large Animal Model and Review of the Literature

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kuluz ◽  
Amer Samdani ◽  
David Benglis ◽  
Manuel Gonzalez-Brito ◽  
Juan P. Solano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury

scholarly journals Serum MicroRNAs Reflect Injury Severity in a Large Animal Model of Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Tigchelaar ◽  
Femke Streijger ◽  
Sunita Sinha ◽  
Stephane Flibotte ◽  
Neda Manouchehri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Serum Micrornas

Activated autologous macrophage implantation in a large-animal model of spinal cord injury

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. E3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachid Assina ◽  
Tejas Sankar ◽  
Nicholas Theodore ◽  
Sam P. Javedan ◽  
Alan R. Gibson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Histological Evidence ◽  
Cord Injury

Object Axonal regeneration may be hindered following spinal cord injury (SCI) by a limited immune response and insufficient macrophage recruitment. This limitation has been partially surmounted in small-mammal models of SCI by implanting activated autologous macrophages (AAMs). The authors sought to replicate these results in a canine model of partial SCI. Methods Six dogs underwent left T-13 spinal cord hemisection. The AAMs were implanted at both ends of the lesion in 4 dogs, and 2 other dogs received sham implantations of cell media. Cortical motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were used to assess electrophysiological recovery. Functional motor recovery was assessed with a modified Tarlov Scale. After 9 months, animals were injected with wheat germ agglutinin–horseradish peroxidase at L-2 and killed for histological assessment. Results Three of the 4 dogs that received AAM implants and 1 of the 2 negative control dogs showed clear recovery of MEP response. Behavioral assessment showed no difference in motor function between the AAM-treated and control groups. Histological investigation with an axonal retrograde tracer showed neither local fiber crossing nor significant uptake in the contralateral red nucleus in both implanted and negative control groups. Conclusions In a large-animal model of partial SCI treated with implanted AAMs, the authors saw no morphological or histological evidence of axonal regeneration. Although they observed partial electrophysiological and functional motor recovery in all dogs, this recovery was not enhanced in animals treated with implanted AAMs. Furthermore, there was no morphological or histological evidence of axonal regeneration in animals with implants that accounted for the observed recovery. The explanation for this finding is probably multifactorial, but the authors believe that the AAM implantation does not produce axonal regeneration, and therefore is a technology that requires further investigation before it can be clinically relied on to ameliorate SCI.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document