Longitudinal Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. from a Wastewater Treatment Plant and Its Associated Waters in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Mbanga ◽  
Akebe Luther King Abia ◽  
Daniel Gyamfi Amoako ◽  
Sabiha Y. Essack
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Enterococcus Spp

scholarly journals Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli in Wastewaters, Surface Waters, and Oysters from an Urban Riverine System

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (17) ◽  
pp. 5667-5670 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Watkinson ◽  
G. B. Micalizzi ◽  
G. M. Graham ◽  
J. B. Bates ◽  
S. D. Costanzo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

ABSTRACT The antibiotic resistance (AR) patterns of 462 Escherichia coli isolates from wastewater, surface waters, and oysters were determined. Rates of AR and multiple-AR among isolates from surface water sites adjacent to wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharge sites were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those among other isolates, whereas the rate of AR among isolates from oysters exposed to WWTP discharges was low (<10%).

High prevalence of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. in river water, upstream and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucinda J. Bessa ◽  
Ana Barbosa-Vasconcelos ◽  
Ângelo Mendes ◽  
Paulo Vaz-Pires ◽  
Paulo Martins da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
River Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enterococcus Spp

In this study, microbial quality and antimicrobial resistance of faecal bacteria from a Portuguese river were assessed. River water samples collected upstream and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant, throughout a 3-month period, were used for the enumeration of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. The highest numbers found for E. coli and enterococci were 1.1 × 104 and 1.2 × 104 colony forming units (CFU)/100 ml, respectively. In total, 144 isolates of E. coli and 144 of enterococci were recovered and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility; 104 E. coli and 78 Enterococcus spp. showed resistance to one or more antimicrobial drugs. Overall, 70 and 32 different resistance patterns were found for E. coli and enterococci, respectively. One E. coli showed resistance to imipenem and 29 isolates were extended spectrum β-lactamase-producers. Multidrug-resistant E. coli belonged mostly to groups A, B1 and group D. Enterococcus spp. were mostly resistant to rifampicin, tetracycline, azithromycin and erythromycin; six isolates showed resistance to vancomycin, presenting the VanA phenotype. The high levels of E. coli and enterococci and the remarkable variety of antimicrobial resistance profiles, reinforces the theory that these river waters can be a pool of antimicrobial resistance determinants, which can be easily spread among different bacteria and reach other environments and hosts.

scholarly journals Prevalence, antibiotic resistance and virulence of Enterococcus spp. from wastewater treatment plant effluent and receiving waters in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 753-765
Author(s):  
L. G. Molale-Tom ◽  
C. C. Bezuidenhout
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
North West ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Receiving Waters

Abstract Poorly operating wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) result in faecal pollution of receiving waters, posing a health risk to humans and animals. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns and presence of virulent genes in Enterococcus spp. isolated from three WWTPs' final effluent and receiving waters in the North West Province, South Africa. Sixty-three Enterococcus spp. were identified and their antimicrobial susceptibility, as well as the presence of five virulence genes, determined. The antibiotic inhibition zone diameter data were subject to cluster analysis. Sixty-eight percent of the screened Enterococcus spp. were resistant to three or more antibiotics and harboured plasmids. Five virulence genes were detected and six multi-virulence profiles observed. Cluster analysis indicated groupings of isolates from all three effluent points downstream together, and between plants 1 and 2 together. The findings of this study have demonstrated that Enterococcus spp. harbouring virulence factors and plasmids that mediate multiple antibiotic resistance are present in effluent and receiving water systems that support various social needs. This is a cause for concern and it is recommended that Enterococcus be used as an additional faecal indicator when microbiological quality of water is assessed.

Inactivation of Clostridium perfringens, Total Coliforms, and Escherichia coli by UV/H2O2 in Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Roberto Guimarães ◽  
Regiane Aparecida Guadagnini ◽  
Regina Maura Bueno Franco ◽  
Luciana Urbano dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent

AbstractThis study evaluated the effectiveness of H

scholarly journals Metagenomic Community Composition and Resistome Analysis in a Full-scale Cold Climate Wastewater Treatment Plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Uyaguari
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Final Effluent

Abstract Background: Wastewater treatment plants are an essential part of maintaining the health and safety of the general public. However, they are also an anthropogenic source of antibiotic resistance genes. In this study, we characterized the resistome, the distribution of classes 1-3 integron-integrase genes (intI1, intI2, and intI3) as mobile genetic element biomarkers, and the bacterial and phage community compositions in the North End Sewage Treatment Plant in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Samples were collected from raw sewage, returned activated sludge, final effluent, and dewatered sludge. A total of 28 bacterial and viral metagenomes were sequenced over two seasons, fall and winter. Integron-integrase genes, the 16S rRNA gene, and the coliform beta-glucuronidase gene were also quantified during this time period. Results: Bacterial classes observed above 1% relative abundance in all treatments were Actinobacteria (39.24% ± 0.25%), Beta-proteobacteria (23.99% ± 0.16%), Gamma-proteobacteria (11.06% ± 0.09%), and Alpha-proteobacteria (9.18 ± 0.04%). Families within the Caudovirales order: Siphoviridae (48.69% ± 0.10%), Podoviridae (23.99% ± 0.07%), and Myoviridae (19.94% ± 0.09%) were the dominant phage observed throughout the NESTP. The most abundant bacterial genera (in terms of average percent relative abundance) in influent, returned activated sludge, final effluent, and sludge, respectively, includes Mycobacterium (37.4%, 18.3%, 46.1%, and 7.7%), Acidovorax (8.9%, 10.8%, 5.4%, and 1.3%), and Polaromonas (2.5%, 3.3%, 1.4%, and 0.4%).The most abundant class of antibiotic resistance in bacterial samples was tetracycline resistance (17.86% ± 0.03%) followed by peptide antibiotics (14.24% ± 0.03%), and macrolides (10.63% ± 0.02%). Similarly, the phage samples contained a higher prevalence of macrolide (30.12% ± 0.30%), peptide antibiotic (10.78% ± 0.13%), and tetracycline (8.69% ± 0.11%) resistance. In addition, intI1 was the most abundant integron-integrase gene throughout treatment (1.14x104 gene copies/mL) followed by intI3 (4.97x103 gene copies/mL) while intI2 abundance remained low (6.4x101 gene copies/mL).Conclusions: The wastewater treatment plant successfully reduced the abundance of bacteria, DNA bacteriophages, and antibiotic resistance genes although many of them still remained in effluent and biosolids. The presence of integron-integrase genes throughout treatment and in effluent suggests that antibiotic resistance genes could be actively disseminating resistance between both environmental and pathogenic bacteria.

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