Comparative In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility Activity of Amphotericin B Versus Amphotericin B Methyl Ester Against Candida albicans Ocular Isolates

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-592
Author(s):  
Onsiri Thanathanee ◽  
Darlene Miller ◽  
David M. Ringel ◽  
Carl P. Schaffner ◽  
Eduardo C. Alfonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Amphotericin B Methyl Ester ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility

scholarly journals Relationship between the Antifungal Susceptibility Profile and the Production of Virulence-Related Hydrolytic Enzymes in Brazilian Clinical Strains ofCandida glabrata

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Helena Galdino Figueiredo-Carvalho ◽  
Lívia de Souza Ramos ◽  
Leonardo Silva Barbedo ◽  
Jean Carlos Almeida de Oliveira ◽  
André Luis Souza dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Antifungal Drug ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Antifungal Drug Resistance ◽  
Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Esterase Production ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility

Candida glabratais a facultative intracellular opportunistic fungal pathogen in human infections. Several virulence-associated attributes are involved in its pathogenesis, host-pathogen interactions, modulation of host immune defenses, and regulation of antifungal drug resistance. This study evaluated the in vitro antifungal susceptibility profile to five antifungal agents, the production of seven hydrolytic enzymes related to virulence, and the relationship between these phenotypes in 91 clinical strains ofC. glabrata. AllC. glabratastrains were susceptible to flucytosine. However, some of these strains showed resistance to amphotericin B (9.9%), fluconazole (15.4%), itraconazole (5.5%), or micafungin (15.4%). Overall,C. glabratastrains were good producers of catalase, aspartic protease, esterase, phytase, and hemolysin. However, caseinase and phospholipase in vitro activities were not detected. Statistically significant correlations were identified between micafungin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and esterase production, between fluconazole and micafungin MIC and hemolytic activity, and between amphotericin B MIC and phytase production. These results contribute to clarify some of theC. glabratamechanisms of pathogenicity. Moreover, the association between some virulence attributes and the regulation of antifungal resistance encourage the development of new therapeutic strategies involving virulence mechanisms as potential targets for effective antifungal drug development for the treatment ofC. glabratainfections.

Synergistic Antiviral Effect in vitro of Azidothymidine and Amphotericin B Methyl Ester in Combination on HIV infection

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
John-Erik Stig Hansen ◽  
Claus Nielsen ◽  
Annette Svenningsen ◽  
Niels Witzke ◽  
Lars R. Mathiesen
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Amphotericin B Methyl Ester

scholarly journals Comparative in vitro studies on liposomal formulations of amphotericin B and its derivative, N-methyl-N-D-fructosyl amphotericin B methyl ester (MFAME).

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Cybulska ◽  
Karolina Kupczyk ◽  
Joanna Szlinder-Richert ◽  
Edward Borowski
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Selective Toxicity ◽  
Liposomal Formulations ◽  
Amphotericin B Methyl Ester

N-Methyl-N-D-fructosyl amphotericin B methyl ester (MFAME) is a semisynthetic derivative of the antifungal antibiotic amphotericin B (AMB). In contrast to the parent antibiotic, the derivative is characterised by low toxicity to mammalian cells and good solubility in water of its salts. Comparative studies on biological properties of free MFAME, AMB and their liposomal formulations were performed. To obtain liposomal forms, the antibiotics were incorporated into small unilamellar vesicles composed of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and DMPC:cholesterol or ergosterol, 8:2 molar ratio. The effectivity of the liposomal and free forms of AMB and MFAME were compared by determination of fungistatic and fungicidal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10261, potassium release from erythrocytes, and haemolysis. The results obtained indicate that in contrast to AMB, incorporation of MFAME into liposomes did not further improve its selective toxicity. Studies on the antagonistic effect of ergosterol and cholesterol on the antifungal activity of the antibiotics indicated that sterol interference was definitely less pronounced in the case of MFAME than in the case of AMB.

scholarly journals Antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans isolated from oral mucosa of patients with cancer

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lino João da COSTA ◽  
Esther Goldenberg BIRMAN ◽  
Sidney Hartz ALVES ◽  
Arlete Emily CURY
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Opportunistic Fungi ◽  
Sabouraud Agar

The increasing number of oral infections due to opportunistic fungi in immunocompromised patients, needs a new evaluation of the drugs in use. The susceptibility in vitro of Candida albicans strains from the oral mucosa of cancer patients to amphotericin B, ketoconazole, miconazole, fluconazole and itraconazole were evaluated. A dilution technique in YNB agar or subculture on Sabouraud agar was utilised for MIC or MFC determinations. With this methodology, the best fungicidal drug for C.albicans collected from the oral mucosa of 40 cancer patients, divided in two groups: one treated by radiotherapy and the other not, the best results were obtained with amphotericin B, presenting low values of MIC compared to azoles and MFC values. However it is important to take into consideration the utilisation in vivo of this polyenic antibiotic and the possible toxic levels necessary to achieve good results. The coexistence of other fungi and the local conditions must also be pondered with these patients, who are mostly undergoing radiotherapy. In order to achieve better results without undesirable consequences, higher levels of MIC are expected with the daily clinical use of new drugs.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Candida Species Isolated from Candidemia Patients in Yasuj, Southwestern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaghayegh Rostami Yasuj ◽  
Maral Gharaghani ◽  
Seyed Sajjad Khoramrooz ◽  
Marjan Salahi ◽  
Ali Keshtkari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: Candidemia is the most common systemic infection in hospitalized patients causing high mortality. Hence, the diagnosis of this infection in the early stage with appropriate antifungal therapy is paramount. Objectives: The study aimed at molecular identification of Candida species isolated from candidemia patients and evaluation of the in vitro antifungal susceptibility patterns of these strains to fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin. Methods: In the present study, 800 hospitalized patients who were suspected to have candidemia were sampled. Candida species were isolated and identified based on morphological characteristics and PCR-sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. Antifungal susceptibility tests for fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin were performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocol M27-A3. Also, clinical data were recorded from the patients' records. Results: Twenty-seven patients among the sample of hospitalized patients were found to have candidemia. A total of 33.3% of candidemia patients were treated with amphotericin B, in which case the mortality rate was 14.8%. The majority of patients (59%) were from the neonatal intensive care unit, and premature birth was the most common underlying condition. Candida albicans (n = 18; 66.6%) was the most common species isolated from blood cultures, followed by C. parapsilosis (n = 7; 25.9%), C. pelliculosa (n = 1; 3.7%), and C. tropicalis (n = 1; 3.7%). Only one C. albicans isolate resistant to fluconazole (minimum inhibitory concentration = 32 µg/mL). Conclusions: Generally, C. albicans has been the most frequent causative agent of candidemia. Resistance to antifungal drugs among candidemia agents was rare. Also, the identification of Candida isolates at the species level with in vitro antifungal susceptibility tests helps manage candidemia patients better and decrease the mortality rate among them.

scholarly journals Comparative in vitro and in vivo evaluation of N-D-ornithyl amphotericin B methyl ester, amphotericin B methyl ester, and amphotericin B.

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1756-1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M Parmegiani ◽  
D Loebenberg ◽  
B Antonacci ◽  
T Yarosh-Tomaine ◽  
R Scupp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Amphotericin B Methyl Ester

scholarly journals In vitro anti-mycoplasmal activity of amphotericin B methyl ester.

1976 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 656-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
NEIL I. GOLDSTEIN ◽  
ARTHUR H. MCINTOSH ◽  
PAUL B. FISHER ◽  
KARL MARAMOROSCH ◽  
CARL P. SCHAFFNER
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Amphotericin B Methyl Ester
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