Simplified Process to Determine Rate Constants for Sunlight-Mediated Removal of Trace Organic and Microbial Contaminants in Unit Process Open-Water Treatment Wetlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea I. Silverman ◽  
David L. Sedlak ◽  
Kara L. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Microbial Contaminants ◽  
Trace Organic

Biotransformation of Trace Organic Contaminants in Open-Water Unit Process Treatment Wetlands

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 5136-5144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin T. Jasper ◽  
Zackary L. Jones ◽  
Jonathan O. Sharp ◽  
David L. Sedlak
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Trace Organic Contaminants ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Trace Organic

scholarly journals Sunlight Inactivation of Viruses in Open-Water Unit Process Treatment Wetlands: Modeling Endogenous and Exogenous Inactivation Rates

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 2757-2766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea I. Silverman ◽  
Mi T. Nguyen ◽  
Iris E. Schilling ◽  
Jannis Wenk ◽  
Kara L. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Open Water ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Unit Process

Nitrate Removal in Shallow, Open-Water Treatment Wetlands

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (19) ◽  
pp. 11512-11520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin T. Jasper ◽  
Zackary L. Jones ◽  
Jonathan O. Sharp ◽  
David L. Sedlak
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Treatment Wetlands

scholarly journals Biomat Resilience to Desiccation and Flooding Within a Shallow, Unit Process Open Water Engineered Wetland

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 815
Author(s):  
Adam R. Brady ◽  
Michael A. Vega ◽  
Kimberly N. Riddle ◽  
Henry F. Peel ◽  
Evelyn J. Lundeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Natural Treatment ◽  
System Resilience ◽  
The Impact

Projections of increased hydrological extremes due to climate change heighten the need to understand and improve the resilience of our water infrastructure. While constructed natural treatment analogs, such as raingardens, wetlands, and aquifer recharge, hold intuitive promise for variable flows, the impacts of disruption on water treatment processes and outcomes are not well understood and limit widespread adoption. To this end, we studied the impact of desiccation and flooding extremes on demonstration-scale shallow, unit process open water (UPOW) wetlands designed for water treatment. System resilience was evaluated as a function of physical characteristics, nitrate removal, photosynthetic activity, and microbial ecology. Rehydrated biomat that had been naturally desiccated re-established nitrate removal consistent with undisrupted biomat in less than a week; however, a pulse of organic carbon and nitrogen accompanied the initial rehydration phase. Conversely, sediment intrusion due to flooding had a negative impact on the biomat’s photosynthetic activity and decreased nitrate attenuation rates by nearly 50%. Based upon past mechanistic inferences, attenuation potential for trace organics is anticipated to follow similar trends as nitrate removal. While the microbial community was significantly altered in both extremes, our results collectively suggest that UPOW wetlands have potential for seasonal or intermittent use due to their promise of rapid re-establishment after rehydration. Flooding extremes and associated sediment intrusion provide a greater barrier to system resilience indicating a need for proactive designs to prevent this outcome; however, residual treatment potential after disruption could provide operators with time to triage and manage the system should a flood occur again.

Removal of sulphite-reducing clostridia spores by full-scale water treatment processes as a surrogate for protozoan (oo)cysts removal

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Hijnen ◽  
J. Willemsen-Zwaagstra ◽  
P. Hiemstra ◽  
G. J. Medema ◽  
D. van der Kooij
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Scale Unit ◽  
Micro Organisms

At eight full-scale water treatment plants in the Netherlands the removal of spores of sulphite-reducing clostridia (SSRC) was determined. By sampling and processing large volumes of water (1 up to 500 litres) SSRC were detected after each stage of the treatment. This enabled the assessment of the removal efficiency of the full-scale unit processes for persistent micro-organisms. A comparison with literature data on the removal of Cryptosporidium and Giardia by the same type of processes revealed that SSRC can be considered as a potential surrogate. The average Decimal Elimination Capacity (DEC) of the overall treatment plants ranged from 1.3–4.3 log. The observed actual log removal of SSRC by the unit processes and the overall treatment at one of the studied locations showed that the level of variation in removal efficiency was approximately 2 log. Moreover, from the actual log removal values it was observed that a low SSRC removal by one unit process is partly compensated by a higher removal by subsequent unit processes at this location. SSRC can be used for identification of the process conditions that cause variation in micro-organism removal which may lead to process optimization. Further research is necessary to determine the optimal use of SSRC in water quality monitoring for the production of microbiologically safe drinking water.

Impacts of separate rejection water treatment on the overall plant performance

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wett ◽  
J. Alex
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
High Tech ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Total N ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Innovative Tool ◽  
The Impact

A separate rejection water treatment appears as a high-tech unit process which might be recommendable only for specific cases of an upgrading of an existing wastewater treatment plant. It is not the issue of this paper to consider a specific separate treatment process itself but to investigate the influence of such a process on the overall plant performance. A plant-wide model has been applied as an innovative tool to evaluate effects of the implemented sidestream strategy on the mainstream treatment. The model has been developed in the SIMBA environment and combines acknowledged mathematical descriptions of the activated sludge process (ASM1) and the anaerobic mesophilic digestion (Siegrist model). The model's calibration and validation was based on data from 5 years of operating experience of a full-scale rejection water treatment. The impact on the total N-elimination efficiency is demonstrated by detailed nitrogen mass flow schemes including the interactions between the wastewater and the sludge lane. Additionally limiting conditions due to dynamic N-return loads are displayed by the model's state variables.

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