Assessing the Impact of Upstream Hydraulics on the Dose Distribution of Ultraviolet Reactors Using Fluorescence Microspheres and Computational Fluid Dynamics

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Zhao ◽  
Scott M. Alpert ◽  
Joel J. Ducoste
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Dose Distribution ◽  
Ultraviolet Reactors ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of nasal adhesions on airflow and mucosal cooling - a computational fluid dynamics analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 103719
Author(s):  
Praween Senanayake ◽  
Hana Salati ◽  
Eugene Wong ◽  
Kimberley Bradshaw ◽  
Yidan Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Protect Air Film of an Exterior Window

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Dianat
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Glass Temperature ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Air Film ◽  
The Impact

The research paper investigates the impact of a window’s exterior air film on the assembly temperature. The exterior air film constitutes a vital portion of a window’s insulating values. The air film increases the temperature of the window exterior pane to a temperature above ambient temperature. The air film also rises the interior glass temperature and reduces the heat transfer from the interior surface. According to computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the air film is removed in windy conditions, decreasing the window temperature on the outside as well as on the inside. The idea behind the project is to carry out an experimental procedure on three different windows to validate the CFD results, which indicates the effect of various wind speeds. Keyword: Exterior air film, computational fluid dynamics, window assembly, wind speed

scholarly journals The Protect Air Film of an Exterior Window

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Dianat
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Glass Temperature ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Air Film ◽  
The Impact

The research paper investigates the impact of a window’s exterior air film on the assembly temperature. The exterior air film constitutes a vital portion of a window’s insulating values. The air film increases the temperature of the window exterior pane to a temperature above ambient temperature. The air film also rises the interior glass temperature and reduces the heat transfer from the interior surface. According to computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the air film is removed in windy conditions, decreasing the window temperature on the outside as well as on the inside. The idea behind the project is to carry out an experimental procedure on three different windows to validate the CFD results, which indicates the effect of various wind speeds. Keyword: Exterior air film, computational fluid dynamics, window assembly, wind speed

scholarly journals Computational Fluid Dynamics of Vascular Disease in Animal Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Acuna ◽  
Alycia G. Berman ◽  
Frederick W. Damen ◽  
Brett A. Meyers ◽  
Amelia R. Adelsperger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Human Patient ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
The Impact

Recent applications of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) applied to the cardiovascular system have demonstrated its power in investigating the impact of hemodynamics on disease initiation, progression, and treatment outcomes. Flow metrics such as pressure distributions, wall shear stresses (WSS), and blood velocity profiles can be quantified to provide insight into observed pathologies, assist with surgical planning, or even predict disease progression. While numerous studies have performed simulations on clinical human patient data, it often lacks prediagnosis information and can be subject to large intersubject variability, limiting the generalizability of findings. Thus, animal models are often used to identify and manipulate specific factors contributing to vascular disease because they provide a more controlled environment. In this review, we explore the use of CFD in animal models in recent studies to investigate the initiating mechanisms, progression, and intervention effects of various vascular diseases. The first section provides a brief overview of the CFD theory and tools that are commonly used to study blood flow. The following sections are separated by anatomical region, with the abdominal, thoracic, and cerebral areas specifically highlighted. We discuss the associated benefits and obstacles to performing CFD modeling in each location. Finally, we highlight animal CFD studies focusing on common surgical treatments, including arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and pulmonary artery grafts. The studies included in this review demonstrate the value of combining CFD with animal imaging and should encourage further research to optimize and expand upon these techniques for the study of vascular disease.

scholarly journals Experimental and CFD Modelling: Impact of the Inlet Slug Flow on the Horizontal Gas–Liquid Separator

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Siong Lee ◽  
Thomas Choong ◽  
Luqman Abdullah ◽  
Mus’ab Abdul Razak ◽  
Zhen Ban
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Slug Flow ◽  
Cavity Formation ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Liquid Separator

For a gas-liquid separator sizing, many engineers have neglected the flow pattern of incoming fluids. The impact of inlet slug flow which impeded onto the separator’s liquid phase will cause a separator fails to perform when sloshing happened in the separator. To date, the study on verifying the impact of inlet slug flow in a separator remains limited. In this paper, the impact of inlet momentum and inlet slug flow on the hydrodynamics in a separator for cases without an inlet device were investigated. The experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) results of cavity formation and sloshing occurrence in the separator in this study were compared. A User Defined Function (UDF) was used to describe the inlet slug flow at the separator inlet. Inlet slug flow occurred at inlet momentum from 200 to 1000 Pa, and sloshing occurred in the separator at 1000 Pa. Both experimental and simulated results showed similar phenomena.

Computational fluid dynamics study of human-induced wake and particle dispersion in indoor environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Tao ◽  
Kiao Inthavong ◽  
Jiyuan Tu
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wake Flow ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Directed Flow ◽  
Stagnant Region ◽  
The Impact

The impact of human-induced wake flow and particle re-dispersion from floors in an indoor environment was investigated by performing computational fluid dynamics simulations with dynamic mesh of a moving manikin model in a confined room. The manikin motion was achieved by a dynamic layering mesh method to update new grids with each time step. Particle transport from the floors and its re-dispersion was tracked by a Lagrangian approach. A series of numerical simulations of three walking speeds were performed to compare the flow disturbance induced by the walking motion. The significant airflow patterns included: an upward-directed flow in front of the body combined with a high velocity downward-directed flow at the rear of the body; a stagnant region behind the gap between the legs and counter-rotating vortices in the wake region. The airflow momentum induced by the moving body disturbed PM2.5 particles that were initially at rest on the floor to lift and become re-suspended due to its interaction with the trailing wake. The residual flow disturbances after the manikin stopped moving continued to induce the particle to spread and deposit over time. The spatial and temporal characteristics of the particle dispersion and concentration showed that higher walking speed was conducive to reducing human's exposure to contaminants in breathing region.

An analysis of the impact of draft tube modifications on the performance of a Kaplan turbine by means of computational fluid dynamics

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (11) ◽  
pp. 1937-1952
Author(s):  
Juergen Schiffer ◽  
Helmut Benigni ◽  
Helmut Jaberg
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Draft Tube ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Kaplan Turbine ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Due to the low electricity prices in central Europe, cost optimisations related to all parts of a new hydropower plant have become increasingly important. In case of a run-of-river hydropower plant using a vertical axis Kaplan turbine, one of the cost drivers are the excavation works. Thus, a decisive factor for the reduction of construction costs is the minimisation of the construction depth of the elbow-type draft tube. In course of the design phase of a new hydropower plant in Austria, an analysis of the impact of draft tube modifications on the performance of the Kaplan turbine was carried out by applying computational fluid dynamics. The net head of the turbine with a diameter of D = 3.15 m accounts for Hnet = 9.00 m and the maximum discharge per unit is Qmax = 57.5 m3/s. After it was proven that there is a good agreement of the numerically calculated and experimentally measured turbine efficiency for the original turbine configuration, various draft tube designs were tested in order to find out their impact on the turbine efficiency and to analyse the sources of draft tube losses in detail. Finally, it was possible to find a new draft tube design representing a compromise of reduced construction costs and acceptable turbine efficiency.

The Impact of Aortic/Subclavian Outflow Cannulation for Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Cardiac Support: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 727-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim A.S. Kaufmann ◽  
Marcus Hormes ◽  
Marco Laumen ◽  
Daniel L. Timms ◽  
Torsten Linde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
The Impact

A Numerical Study of the Flow and Pollutant Dispersion in Valley-River Urban

2013 ◽  
Vol 645 ◽  
pp. 208-216
Author(s):  
Rong Huang ◽  
Naiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Concentration Field ◽  
Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Valley City

Air flow and pollutant dispersion characteristics in a real valley city are studied under the real boundary condition. The 3D computational fluid dynamics using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes modeling was carried out in Lanzhou which is a typical valley city in Northwest, China. The standard κ­-ε turbulence model as a simplified computational fluid dynamics model is used to provide moderately fast simulations of turbulent airflow in an urban environment. The modeled flow field indicated that the geometry, wind direction and source location had a significant effects on the flow field. The flow shows the funnelling is rather obvious when the wind flow through the narrow area in the middle of the city. It is obvious that in the high-altitude region, due to the impact of high and low differential pressure and terrain, SO2 and NO2 formed two cyclic concentration field in the dispersion process.

scholarly journals Modelling a Biochemical Reaction with Computational Fluid Dynamics

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotos C. Generalis ◽  
Gregory M Cartland Glover
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Biochemical Reaction ◽  
Single Plane ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Specific Growth Rates ◽  
The Impact

Earlier investigations (Cartland Glover et al., 2004) into the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for the modelling of gas-liquid and gas-liquid-solid flow allowed a simple biochemical reaction model to be implemented. A single plane mesh was used to represent the transport and reaction of molasses, the mould Aspergillus niger and citric acid in a bubble column with a height to diameter aspect ratio of 20:1. Two specific growth rates were used to examine the impact that biomass growth had on the local solids concentration and the effect this had on the local hydrodynamics of the bubble column.

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