The Influence of Sexually Explicit Internet Material and Peers on Stereotypical Beliefs About Women's Sexual Roles: Similarities and Differences Between Adolescents and Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Peter ◽  
Patti M. Valkenburg
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Roles ◽  
Sexually Explicit ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Open Tibial Fractures in Children

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-140
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Open Fractures ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Soft Tissue Reconstruction ◽  
Fractures In Children ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Tissue Reconstruction ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Periosteal Callus ◽  
Simultaneous Delivery

Since the last edition of this book the total number of published articles on the management of open fractures of the tibia in children has trebled. This allows for a further evaluation of similarities and differences in the management of open fractures in children, adolescents and adults. The principles evolving from the evidence published thus far indicate there are greater similarities than there are differences. Early antibiotic administration is important as is the simultaneous delivery of combined orthoplastic care. The techniques of soft tissue reconstruction are similar to those used in adults. Fracture stabilisation will need to factor in the presence of a physis. Bone loss after injury or excision (debridement) is replaced using the same techniques as in adults; an exception is the young (under 6 years of age) child with a small (less than 3 cm) defect that may restitute spontaneously from periosteal callus.

Developmental traumatology: The psychobiological development of maltreated children and its implications for research, treatment, and policy

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL D. DE BELLIS
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Brain Maturation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Policy Ideas ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Intergenerational Cycle ◽  
Complex Developmental Disorder

In this review, a developmental traumatology model of child maltreatment and the risk for the intergenerational cycle of abuse and neglect using a mental health or posttraumatic stress model was described. Published data were reviewed that support the hypothesis that the psychobiological sequelae of child maltreatment may be regarded as an environmentally induced complex developmental disorder. Data to support this view, including the descriptions of both psychobiological and brain maturation studies in maltreatment research, emphasizing the similarities and differences between children, adolescents, and adults, were reviewed. Many suggestions for important future psychobiological and brain maturation research investigations as well as public policy ideas were offered.

scholarly journals Dream as a subject of psychological research

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
P.A. Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Subjective Significance

We discuss the main theoretical concepts of a dream: dream definitions, ideas about its genesis, functions, dream location in the structure of activity. We analyze the similarities and differences between the approaches. The results of empirical studies of adolescent and adult dreams are generalized, dream functions in adolescence are analyzed. Based on the analysis of different approaches, we chose theoretical basis of our own research – A. Leontiev activity theory, L.S. Vygotsky concept, K. Lewin's model. We formulated and substantiated the definition of dream as emotionally colored image of the desired future, having a subjective significance. We show the significance and hypotheses of our research: 1) the content of dreams is connected not only with a situation of frustration, but also with the teenager abilities, 2) the dream is involved in regulating of values choice; 3) restoration and development of the ability to dream can be used in the practice of counseling and psychotherapy as an effective tool to help adolescents and adults.

Sexting Behaviors Among Adolescents and Adults

2019 ◽  
pp. 124-144
Author(s):  
Samuel E. Ehrenreich ◽  
Diana J. Meter ◽  
Marion K. Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Relationship Context ◽  
Sexually Explicit ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Exchanging sexually explicit messages has become an increasingly common form of interaction for both adolescents and adults. Although sexting has been identified as a risk factor for a variety of negative outcomes, this research has generally been conducted without attention to the relationship context of the communicators. This chapter will examine the prevalence of sexting in the context of existing romantic relationships, and how sexting may relate to features of the relationship. The authors will review existing research examining motivations for sexting with romantic partners, pressure to engage in sexting, and associations between sexting and romantic attachment styles and relationship satisfaction. The chapter will conclude with discussion of important future directions for research.

scholarly journals Taking “Thanks” for Granted: A Cross-Cultural Exploration of Gratitude in the UK and Australia

2021 ◽  
pp. 106939712110670
Author(s):  
Blaire Morgan ◽  
Liz Gulliford ◽  
Lea Waters
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Mixed Emotions ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The Us ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Developmentally Responsive ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Two Stages

Examinations of the influence of culture on how gratitude is experienced are sparse, as are studies that simultaneously explore developmental differences in understandings of gratitude. This paper presents three studies that examine whether perceptions and experiences of gratitude differ across children, adolescents and adults in two individualistic, WEIRD and Commonwealth cultures—Australia and the UK. Studies 1a ( N = 88, ages 17–39) and 1b ( N = 77, ages 17–25) provide initial insights into “features of gratitude” in Australia through two stages of a prototype analysis. These features are compared to a previous prototype study of gratitude in the UK, alongside a further comparison to the US. Study 2 employs vignettes to examine how perceptions of the benefactor, benefit and mixed emotions influence the degree of gratitude experienced across adolescents and adults in Australia ( N = 1937, ages 11–85), with a comparison to the UK ( N = 398, ages 12–65). In Study 3, factors examined in Study 2 are adapted into accessible story workbooks for younger children (Australia N=135, ages 9–11; UK N=62, ages 9–11). Results across these studies demonstrate similarities and differences in understandings and experiences of gratitude across cultures. While adults across Australia and the UK responded similarly to gratitude scenarios, cross-cultural differences are observed between children and adolescents in these two countries. Developmental differences are noted in relation to more sophisticated reasoning around gratitude, such as recognition of ulterior motives. These findings highlight the need for gratitude research and interventions to be cross-culturally, and developmentally, responsive.

Clinical Success Using the Audio-Visual Feedback Training for Cluttering

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1589-1594
Author(s):  
Yvonne van Zaalen ◽  
Isabella Reichel
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Pause Duration ◽  
Digital Audio ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Feedback Training ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Speech Monitoring ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Purpose Among the best strategies to address inadequate speech monitoring skills and other parameters of communication in people with cluttering (PWC) is the relatively new but very promising auditory–visual feedback (AVF) training ( van Zaalen & Reichel, 2015 ). This study examines the effects of AVF training on articulatory accuracy, pause duration, frequency, and type of disfluencies of PWC, as well as on the emotional and cognitive aspects that may be present in clients with this communication disorder ( Reichel, 2010 ; van Zaalen & Reichel, 2015 ). Methods In this study, 12 male adolescents and adults—6 with phonological and 6 with syntactic cluttering—were provided with weekly AVF training for 12 weeks, with a 3-month follow-up. Data was gathered on baseline (T0), Week 6 (T1), Week 12 (T2), and after follow-up (T3). Spontaneous speech was recorded and analyzed by using digital audio-recording and speech analysis software known as Praat ( Boersma & Weenink, 2017 ). Results The results of this study indicated that PWC demonstrated significant improvements in articulatory rate measurements and in pause duration following the AVF training. In addition, the PWC in the study reported positive effects on their ability to retell a story and to speak in more complete sentences. PWC felt better about formulating their ideas and were more satisfied with their interactions with people around them. Conclusions The AVF training was found to be an effective approach for improving monitoring skills of PWC with both quantitative and qualitative benefits in the behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and social domains of communication.

Orosensory Perception, Speech Production, and Deafness

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milo E. Bishop ◽  
Robert L. Ringel ◽  
Arthur S. House
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Form Discrimination ◽  
School Subjects ◽  
Oral Form ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The oral form-discrimination abilities of 18 orally educated and oriented deaf high school subjects were determined and compared to those of manually educated and oriented deaf subjects and normal-hearing subjects. The similarities and differences among the responses of the three groups were discussed and then compared to responses elicited from subjects with functional disorders of articulation. In general, the discrimination scores separated the manual deaf from the other two groups, particularly when differences in form shapes were involved in the test. The implications of the results for theories relating orosensory-discrimination abilities are discussed. It is postulated that, while a failure in oroperceptual functioning may lead to disorders of articulation, a failure to use the oral mechanism for speech activities, even in persons with normal orosensory capabilities, may result in poor performance on oroperceptual tasks.

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