scholarly journals Outcome of Youth with Early-Phase Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders and Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified Treated with Second-Generation Antipsychotics: 12 Week Results from a Prospective, Naturalistic Cohort Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 535-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ditte L. Vernal ◽  
Sandeep Kapoor ◽  
Aseel Al-Jadiri ◽  
Eva M. Sheridan ◽  
Yehonathan Borenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Poster #S73 TREATMENT AND OUTCOME OF YOUTH WITH EARLY-PHASE SCHIZOPHRENIA-SPECTRUM DISORDERS AND PSYCHOSIS NOS: 12-WEEK RESULTS FROM A NATURALISTIC COHORT STUDY

2014 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. S114-S115
Author(s):  
Ditte Lammers Vernal ◽  
Sandeep Kapoor ◽  
Aseel Al-Jadiri ◽  
Yehonatan Borenstein ◽  
Marta Hauser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Clinical, Biochemical and Genetic Variables Associated With Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Using Second-Generation Antipsychotics: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius H. Sneller ◽  
Nini de Boer ◽  
Sophie Everaars ◽  
Max Schuurmans ◽  
Sinan Guloksuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Background: Individuals with severe mental illness experience increased morbidity and mortality compared to the general population. Adverse effects of antipsychotics, including weight gain, may contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is associated with increased risks of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of clinical, biochemical and genetic factors associated with MetS among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders using second-generation antipsychotics (SGA).Methods: A literature search was performed in Pubmed and Embase to identify all cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and clinical trials investigating associations with MetS in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders using SGAs. We extracted and enumerated clinical, biochemical and genetic factors reported to be associated with MetS. We defined factors associated with MetS as factors being reported as associated with MetS in two or more studies.Results: 58 studies were included in this review (n = 12,123). In total, 62 factors were found to be associated with increased risk of MetS. Thirty one out of 58 studies investigated factors that were reported as associated with MetS in two or more studies. With regard to clinical factors, we found gender, higher age, concomitant use of mood stabilizers, higher baseline and current BMI, earlier SGA exposure, higher dose, longer duration of treatment, psychosis and tobacco smoking to be significantly associated with MetS. Furthermore, the biochemical factors hypo-adiponectinemia, elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and higher white blood cell (WBC) count were identified as factors associated with MetS. Among pharmacogenetic factors, the rs1414334 C-allele of the HTR2C-gene was associated with MetS in patients using SGA.Conclusion: In this systematic review investigating clinical, biochemical and genetic factors associated with MetS in patients using SGAs we found that higher age, higher baseline BMI, higher current BMI and male as well as female gender were positively associated with MetS across all antipsychotics. This study may set the stage for the application of clinical, biochemical and genetic factors to predict the risk of developing MetS in patients using SGAs. Future research is needed to determine which patients using SGAs are at risk to develop MetS in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Change in Prolactin Levels in Pediatric Patients Given Antipsychotics for Schizophrenia and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Network Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chakrapani Balijepalli ◽  
Eric Druyts ◽  
Michael J. Zoratti ◽  
Ping Wu ◽  
Salmaan Kanji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Population Treatment

Background. Treatment of schizophrenia with first- and second-generation antipsychotics has been associated with elevated prolactin levels, which may increase the risk for prolactin-related adverse events. Methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included in a recent systematic review were considered for this analysis. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was used to compare changes in prolactin levels in pediatric patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizophrenia spectrum disorders treated with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs). Results. Five RCTs, including 989 patients combined, have evaluated the changes in prolactin for pediatric patients after 6 weeks of treatment with risperidone, quetiapine, aripiprazole, olanzapine, and paliperidone. In the overall study population, treatment with risperidone was associated with the highest increase in mean prolactin levels compared to other SGAs. Patients treated with risperidone 4–6 mg/day were found to experience the greatest increases (55.06 ng/ml [95% CrI: 40.53–69.58]) in prolactin levels, followed by risperidone 1–3 mg/day, paliperidone 3–6 mg/day, and paliperidone 6–12 mg/day. Conclusions. This study shows that there are differences in SGAs ability to cause hyperprolactinemia. Further, there is clear evidence of safety concerns with risperidone and paliperidone treatment in adolescent schizophrenia patients. Registration. PROSPERO CRD42014009506.

Cognitive and Clinical Factors Are Associated With Service Engagement in Early-Phase Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnhild Johansen ◽  
Knut Hestad ◽  
Valentina C. Iversen ◽  
Ingrid Agartz ◽  
Kjetil Sundet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Phase ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Service Engagement ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Annual incidence rate of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders in a longitudinal population-based cohort study

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1357-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjen L. Sutterland ◽  
Jeanne Dieleman ◽  
Jitschak G. Storosum ◽  
Bettie A. C. Voordouw ◽  
Jojanneke Kroon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Annual Incidence Rate ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Examining side effect variation of antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia spectrum disorders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria S. Neumeier ◽  
Stephanie Homan ◽  
Stefan Vetter ◽  
Erich Seifritz ◽  
John M. Kane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Right

Background: Side effects of antipsychotic drugs play a key role in non-adherence and discontinuation of treatment in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). Precision medicine aims to minimize such side effects by selecting the right treatment for the right patient. However, to determine the extent of precision medicine that is required, we need to (1) show that there is indeed variation in side effects and (2) estimate the amount of variation in those side effects between patients. While clinical observations suggest that such variation may be considerable, a statistical comparison of side effect variation between active and control treatments is required to confirm this. Here, we hypothesized to find larger side effect variation in treatment compared with control in patients treated with first and second generation antipsychotics. Methods: We included double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of adults with a diagnosis of SSD and prescription for licensed antipsychotic drugs. Standard deviations of the pre-post treatment differences of weight gain, prolactin levels,and corrected QT (QTc) times were extracted. Data quality and validity were ensured by following the PRISMA guidelines. The outcome measure was the overall variability ratio of treatment to control across RCTs. Individual variability ratios were weighted by the inverse-variance method and entered into a random-effects model. Results: We included N = 16578 patients for weight gain, N = 16633 patients for prolactin levels, and N = 10384 patients for QTc time. Variability ratios (VR) were significantly increased for weight gain (VR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.14; P = 0.004) and prolactin levels (VR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.17 - 1.62; P < 0.001) but did not reach significance for QTc time (VR = 1.05; 95% CI: 0.98 - 1.12; P = 0.135). Conclusion: We found increased variability in major side effects in patients with SSD under treatment with second generation antipsychotics, suggesting that subgroups of patients or even individual patients may benefit from improved treatment allocation through stratified or personalized medicine, respectively.

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