scholarly journals Structure, Integrity, and Function of the Hypoplastic Corpus Callosum in Spina Bifida Myelomeningocele

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 608-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer T. Crawley ◽  
Khader Hasan ◽  
H. Julia Hannay ◽  
Maureen Dennis ◽  
Catherine Jockell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Plasticity of Interhemispheric Temporal Lobe White Matter Pathways Due to Early Disruption of Corpus Callosum Development in Spina Bifida

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kailyn A. Bradley ◽  
Jenifer Juranek ◽  
Anna Romanowska-Pawliczek ◽  
H. Julia Hannay ◽  
Paul T. Cirino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Temporal Lobe

Comparison between Tc-99m DMSA and Renal Ultrasonography for the Evaluation of Renal Scarring and Function Loss in Children with Spina Bifida

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Ebru Ozgonenel ◽  
Isik Karalok ◽  
Emel Ceylan Gunay ◽  
Tomris Duymaz ◽  
Ibrahim Alatas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Renal Scarring ◽  
Renal Ultrasonography ◽  
Function Loss ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Interhemispheric Pathways Are Important for Motor Outcome in Individuals with Chronic and Severe Upper Limb Impairment Post Stroke

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn S. Hayward ◽  
Jason L. Neva ◽  
Cameron S. Mang ◽  
Sue Peters ◽  
Katie P. Wadden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Motor Outcome ◽  
Wolf Motor Function Test ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
And Function ◽  
Motor Outcomes

Background. Severity of arm impairment alone does not explain motor outcomes in people with severe impairment post stroke.Objective. Define the contribution of brain biomarkers to upper limb motor outcomes in people with severe arm impairment post stroke.Methods. Paretic arm impairment (Fugl-Meyer upper limb, FM-UL) and function (Wolf Motor Function Test rate, WMFT-rate) were measured in 15 individuals with severe (FM-UL ≤ 30/66) and 14 with mild–moderate (FM-UL > 40/66) impairment. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and diffusion weight imaging indexed structure and function of the corticospinal tract and corpus callosum. Separate models of the relationship between possible biomarkers and motor outcomes at a single chronic (≥6 months) time point post stroke were performed.Results. Age (ΔR20.365,p=0.017) and ipsilesional-transcallosal inhibition (ΔR20.182,p=0.048) explained a 54.7% (p=0.009) variance in paretic WMFT-rate. Prefrontal corpus callous fractional anisotropy (PF-CC FA) alone explained 49.3% (p=0.007) variance in FM-UL outcome. The same models did not explain significant variance in mild–moderate stroke. In the severe group, k-means cluster analysis of PF-CC FA distinguished two subgroups, separated by a clinically meaningful and significant difference in motor impairment (p=0.049) and function (p=0.006) outcomes.Conclusion. Corpus callosum function and structure were identified as possible biomarkers of motor outcome in people with chronic and severe arm impairment.

Anatomy and function of the Corpus Callosum

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
A.-S. von Richthofen ◽  
M. Voss ◽  
B.-U. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Handedness and corpus callosal morphology in Williams syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilee A. Martens ◽  
Sarah J. Wilson ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Amanda G. Wood ◽  
David C. Reutens
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Lim Kinase ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Hemizygous Deletion ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

AbstractWilliams syndrome is a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder caused by a hemizygous deletion on chromosome 7q11.23, resulting in atypical brain structure and function, including abnormal morphology of the corpus callosum. An influence of handedness on the size of the corpus callosum has been observed in studies of typical individuals, but handedness has not been taken into account in studies of callosal morphology in Williams syndrome. We hypothesized that callosal area is smaller and the size of the splenium and isthmus is reduced in individuals with Williams syndrome compared to healthy controls, and examined age, sex, and handedness effects on corpus callosal area. Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained on 25 individuals with Williams syndrome (18 right-handed, 7 left-handed) and 25 matched controls. We found that callosal thickness was significantly reduced in the splenium of Williams syndrome individuals compared to controls. We also found novel evidence that the callosal area was smaller in left-handed participants with Williams syndrome than their right-handed counterparts, with opposite findings observed in the control group. This novel finding may be associated with LIM-kinase hemizygosity, a characteristic of Williams syndrome. The findings may have significant clinical implications in future explorations of the Williams syndrome cognitive phenotype.

scholarly journals Auditory interhemispheric transfer in relation to patterns of partial agenesis and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum in spina bifida meningomyelocele

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. JULIA HANNAY ◽  
AMY WALKER ◽  
MAUREEN DENNIS ◽  
LARRY KRAMER ◽  
SUSAN BLASER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Functional Laterality ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Right Ear Advantage ◽  
The Right ◽  
Spina Bifida Meningomyelocele ◽  
Normal Controls

Spina bifida meningomyelocele with hydrocephalus (SBM) is commonly associated with anomalies of the corpus callosum (CC). We describe MRI patterns of regional CC agenesis and relate CC anomalies to functional laterality based on a dichotic listening test in 90 children with SBM and 27 typically developing controls. Many children with SBM (n = 40) showed regional CC anomalies in the form of agenesis of the rostrum and/or splenium, and a smaller number (n = 20) showed hypoplasia (thinning) of all CC regions (rostrum, genu, body, and splenium). The expected right ear advantage (REA) was exhibited by normal controls and children with SBM having a normal or hypoplastic splenium. It was not shown by children with SBM who were left handed, missing a splenium, or had a higher level spinal cord lesion. Perhaps the right hemisphere of these children is more involved in processing some aspects of linguistic stimuli. (JINS, 2008, 14, 771–781.)

scholarly journals Increased Asymmetry of Trunk, Pelvis, and Hip Motion during Gait in Ambulatory Children with Spina Bifida

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1595
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Bent ◽  
Eva M. Ciccodicola ◽  
Susan A. Rethlefsen ◽  
Tishya A. L. Wren
Keyword(s):  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Neural Tube Closure ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Trunk Motion ◽  
Lumbar Level ◽  
Hip Motion ◽  
Motor Strength ◽  
Lesion Level ◽  
And Function

Spina bifida (SB) is caused by incomplete neural tube closure and results in multiple impairments, including muscle weakness. The severity of muscle weakness depends on the neurologic lesion level. Though typically symmetric, there can be asymmetries in neurologic lesion level, motor strength, skeletal structures, and body composition that affect patients’ gait and function. Using body segment and joint motion obtained through 3D computerized motion analysis, we evaluated asymmetry and range of motion at the hip, pelvis, and trunk in the frontal and transverse planes during gait in 57 ambulatory children with SB and 48 typically developing controls. Asymmetry and range of hip, pelvis, and trunk motion in the frontal and transverse planes were significantly greater for patients with mid-lumbar and higher level lesions compared with those having sacral/low-lumbar level lesions and controls without disability (p ≤ 0.01). Crutch use decreased asymmetry of trunk rotation in mid-lumbar level patients from 10.5° to 2.6° (p ≤ 0.01). Patients with asymmetric involvement (sacral level on one side and L3-4 on the other) functioned similarly to sacral level patients, suggesting that they may be better categorized using their stronger side rather than their weaker side as is traditional. The information gained from this study may be useful to clinicians when assessing bracing and assistive device needs for patients with asymmetric SB involvement.

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