scholarly journals Early, But Not Late Onset Estrogen Replacement Therapy Prevents Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Alterations Caused by Ovariectomy

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl López-Grueso ◽  
Juan Gambini ◽  
Kheira M. Abdelaziz ◽  
Daniel Monleón ◽  
Ana Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Estrogen Replacement Therapy ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Metabolic Alterations

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Age-Associated Type 2 Diabetes in Rats—Role of Estrogens and Oxidative Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Díaz ◽  
Raúl López-Grueso ◽  
Juan Gambini ◽  
Daniel Monleón ◽  
Cristina Mas-Bargues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Estrogen Replacement Therapy ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Antioxidant Genes

Females live longer than males, and the estrogens are one of the reasons for this difference. We reported some years ago that estrogens are able to protect rats against oxidative stress, by inducing antioxidant genes. Type 2 diabetes is an age-associated disease in which oxidative stress is involved, and moreover, some studies show that the prevalence is higher in men than in women, and therefore there are sex-associated differences. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of estrogens in protecting against oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic males and females. For this purpose, we used Goto-Kakizaki rats, which develop type 2 diabetes with age. We found that female diabetic rats showed lower glycaemia levels with age than did diabetic males and that estrogens enhanced insulin sensitivity in diabetic females. Moreover, glucose uptake, measured by positron emission tomography, was higher in the female brain, cerebellum, and heart than in those from male diabetic rats. There were also sex-associated differences in the plasma metabolic profile as determined by metabolomics. The metabolic profile was similar between estrogen-replaced and control diabetic rats and different from ovariectomized diabetic rats. Oxidative stress is involved in these differences. We showed that hepatic mitochondria from females produced less hydrogen peroxide levels and exhibited lower xanthine oxidase activity. We also found that hepatic mitochondrial glutathione oxidation and lipid oxidation levels were lower in diabetic females when compared with diabetic males. Ovariectomy induced oxidative stress, and estrogen replacement therapy prevented it. These findings provide evidence for estrogen beneficial effects in type 2 diabetes and should be considered when prescribing estrogen replacement therapy to menopausal women.

The Effects of Transdermal Estradiol and Oral Conjugated Estrogens on Haemostasis Variables

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (04) ◽  
pp. 420-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla-Beth Kroon ◽  
G Silfverstolpe ◽  
L Tengborn
Keyword(s):  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Estrogen Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Transdermal Administration ◽  
Conjugated Estrogens ◽  
Transdermal Estradiol ◽  
Estrogen Administration ◽  
Activator Inhibitor

SummaryThe effects of oral and transdermal administration of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) have been fairly well investigated regarding lipoprotein and carbohydrate metabolism, while the effects of different modes of estrogen administration on the haemostatic system have been less well studied.To delineate and compare the effects of perorally administered conjugated estrogens (CE) and transdermally administered estradiol (E2) in doses needed for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on haemostasis parameters, 23 postmenopausal women were engaged in a study with an open cross-over design. The doses compared (0.625 mg CE and 50 μg E2/24h) are the lowest which, with few exceptions, eliminate climacteric symptoms. Both CE and E2 increased factor VII:C, factor VII:Ag, and the prothrombin fragment1+2. The increase in factor VII:Ag, however, was significantly higher after treatment with CE. These changes were all towards a state of hypercoagulability. Furthermore, CE decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) and the thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT), as well as antithrombin (ATIII).

Effects of Estrogen Replacement Therapy on the Renin-Angiotensin System in Postmenopausal Women

Circulation ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heribert Schunkert ◽  
A.H. Jan Danser ◽  
Hans-Werner Hense ◽  
Frans H.M. Derkx ◽  
Susanne Ku¨rzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Estrogen Replacement Therapy ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

Effects of Estrogen Replacement Therapy on PET Cerebral Blood Flow and Neuropsychological Performance

1998 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Resnick ◽  
Pauline M. Maki ◽  
Stephanie Golski ◽  
Michael A. Kraut ◽  
Alan B. Zonderman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Estrogen Replacement Therapy ◽  
Neuropsychological Performance ◽  
Estrogen Replacement
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