scholarly journals Short Communication: The Impact of Viral Suppression and Viral Breakthrough on Limited-Antigen Avidity Assay Results in Individuals with Clade B HIV Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K. Wendel ◽  
Andrew F. Longosz ◽  
Susan H. Eshleman ◽  
Joel N. Blankson ◽  
Richard D. Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Viral Breakthrough ◽  
Avidity Assay ◽  
Clade B ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Short Communication: False Recent Ratio of the Limiting-Antigen Avidity Assay and Viral Load Testing Algorithm Among Cameroonians with Long-Term HIV Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1114-1116
Author(s):  
Briana A. Lynch ◽  
Eshan U. Patel ◽  
Colleen R. Courtney ◽  
Aubin J. Nanfack ◽  
Jude Bimela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Avidity Assay ◽  
Viral Load Testing ◽  
Testing Algorithm

scholarly journals The potential impact of a “curative intervention” for HIV: a modelling study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Beacroft ◽  
Timothy B. Hallett
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Hiv Cure ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Durable Viral Suppression ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Efforts to develop an HIV “cure” (i.e., an intervention leading to durable ART-free remission or eradication of HIV infection) have become better resourced and coordinated in recent years. Given, however, the availability of other interventions for prevention and treatment of HIV disease, it is unclear whether, to what extent, and under which circumstances a curative intervention would have an impact in ending the AIDS epidemic and which characteristics of its implementation would be most important. We designed a range of analyses to investigate these unknowns. Methods We used a deterministic, compartmental model of HIV infection in South Africa to estimate the impact of a curative intervention. We first examined how its impact would be affected by the state of the epidemic at the time that it is introduced, by the timing and pace of scale-up, and by various targeting strategies. We then investigated the impact of a curative intervention relative to its ability to maintain viral suppression. Findings To the extent that other interventions have failed to control the epidemic, i.e., if incidence and AIDS deaths remain high, a curative intervention would result in a larger reduction in incidence. Earlier and faster scale-up allows for greater impact. We also found that a curative intervention would more efficiently reduce transmission if it is prioritised to those not able to obtain or remain on ART and to those aged 15–25 rather than older persons. On the other hand, an intervention that does not maintain viral suppression if the individual is exposed to re-infection could lead to an increase in HIV incidence. Conclusions Our findings suggest that a curative intervention for HIV would have the greatest impact if the epidemic is not under control by 2030, particularly if the intervention is targeted to those who are more likely to transmit virus, and if it maintained durable viral suppression, even upon exposure to re-infection. These considerations underscore the need to carefully consider the “target product profiles” for an HIV cure in the context of how and where it would be used, and suggest that such profiles may require revision as the epidemic evolves in the coming years.

scholarly journals The impact of transient combination antiretroviral treatment in early HIV infection on viral suppression and immunologic response in later treatment

AIDS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos Pantazis ◽  
Giota Touloumi ◽  
Laurence Meyer ◽  
Ashley Olson ◽  
Dominique Costagliola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Immunologic Response ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals COVID-19 restrictions and changing sexual behaviours in HIV-negative MSM at high risk of HIV infection in London, UK

2021 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2020-054768
Author(s):  
Iain Hyndman ◽  
Diarmuid Nugent ◽  
Gary George Whitlock ◽  
Alan McOwan ◽  
Nicolò Girometti
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Hiv Negative

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic and its related restrictions have affected attendance to and delivery of UK sexual healthcare services (SHS). We surveyed the impact on sexual behaviour of men having sex with men (MSM) to inform future SHS provision.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, anonymous, web-based survey among HIV-negative MSM at high risk of HIV infection who attended 56 Dean Street, a sexual health and HIV clinic. The survey was conducted over a 7-day period in August 2020. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behaviour and related mental well-being experienced during lockdown (defined as 23 March–30 June 2020) were extracted. Categorical and non-categorical variables were compared according to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use.Results814 MSM completed the questionnaire: 75% were PrEP users; 76% reported they have been sexually active, of which 76% reported sex outside their household. 75% reported fewer partners than prior to lockdown. Isolation/loneliness (48%) and anxiety/stress (27%) triggered sexual activity, and 73% had discussed COVID-19 transmission risks with their sexual partners. While 46% reported no change to emotions ordinarily experienced following sex, 20% reported guilt for breaching COVID-19 restrictions. 76% implemented one or more changes to their sexual behaviour, while 58% applied one or more steps to reduce COVID-19 transmission during sex. 36% accessed SHS and 30% reported difficulties in accessing testing/treatment. Of those who accessed SHS, 28% reported an STI diagnosis. PrEP users reported higher partner number, engagement in ‘chemsex’ and use of SHS than non-PrEP users.ConclusionsCOVID-19 restrictions had a considerable impact on sexual behaviour and mental well-being in our survey respondents. High rates of sexual activity and STI diagnoses were reported during lockdown. Changes to SHS provision for MSM must respond to high rates of psychological and STI-related morbidity and the challenges faced by this population in accessing services.

scholarly journals Adolescent, Pregnant, and HIV-Infected: Risk of Adverse Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes in Young Women from Southern Mozambique

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1564
Author(s):  
Clara Pons-Duran ◽  
Aina Casellas ◽  
Azucena Bardají ◽  
Anifa Valá ◽  
Esperança Sevene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
P Value ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Impact

Sub-Saharan Africa concentrates the burden of HIV and the highest adolescent fertility rates. However, there is limited information about the impact of the interaction between adolescence and HIV infection on maternal health in the region. Data collected prospectively from three clinical trials conducted between 2003 and 2014 were analysed to evaluate the association between age, HIV infection, and their interaction, with the risk of maternal morbidity and adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in women from southern Mozambique. Logistic regression and negative binomial models were used. A total of 2352 women were included in the analyses; 31% were adolescents (≤19 years) and 29% HIV-infected women. The effect of age on maternal morbidity and pregnancy and perinatal adverse outcomes was not modified by HIV status. Adolescence was associated with an increased incidence of hospital admissions (IRR 0.55, 95%CI 0.37–0.80 for women 20–24 years; IRR 0.60, 95%CI 0.42–0.85 for women >25 years compared to adolescents; p-value < 0.01) and outpatient visits (IRR 0.86, 95%CI 0.71–1.04; IRR 0.76, 95%CI 0.63–0.92; p-value = 0.02), and an increased likelihood of having a small-for-gestational age newborn (OR 0.50, 95%CI 0.38–0.65; OR 0.43, 95%CI 0.34–0.56; p-value < 0.001), a low birthweight (OR 0.40, 95%CI 0.27–0.59; OR 0.37, 95%CI 0.26–0.53; p-value <0.001) and a premature birth (OR 0.42, 95%CI 0.24–0.72; OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.32–0.82; p-value < 0.01). Adolescence was associated with an increased risk of poor morbidity, pregnancy and perinatal outcomes, irrespective of HIV infection. In addition to provision of a specific maternity care package for this vulnerable group interventions are imperative to prevent adolescent pregnancy.

scholarly journals Exploring the impact of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy on placenta morphology

Placenta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Michael Yampolsky ◽  
Oleksandr Shlakhter ◽  
Dianna Deng ◽  
Smriti Kala ◽  
Sharon L. Walmsley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of immunoglobulin in acute HIV infection on the HIV reservoir: a randomized controlled trial

HIV Medicine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 777-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Tiraboschi ◽  
S Ray ◽  
K Patel ◽  
A Teague ◽  
M Pace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Acute Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Reservoir ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Acute Hiv ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of HIV infection on maternal deaths in South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Moodley ◽  
D Chweneyagae ◽  
N Delis-Jarrosay ◽  
Z Farina ◽  
S Fawcus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
The Impact

The impact of maternal HIV infection on parenting in inner-city African American families.

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth A. Kotchick ◽  
Rex Forehand ◽  
Gene Brody ◽  
Lisa Armistead ◽  
Patricia Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Inner City ◽  
African American Families ◽  
Maternal Hiv ◽  
Maternal Hiv Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
American Families
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