scholarly journals The impact of HIV infection on maternal deaths in South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Moodley ◽  
D Chweneyagae ◽  
N Delis-Jarrosay ◽  
Z Farina ◽  
S Fawcus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals HIV Risks in Sexual Networks of Heterosexual Men in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Nonzwakazi P Ntombela ◽  
Tivani P Mashamba-Thompson ◽  
Andile N Mtshali ◽  
Desmond Kuupiel ◽  
Ayesha BM Kharsany
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
South African ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Sexual Networks ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Sexual Partnerships ◽  
Hiv Risks ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: The interaction of HIV risks in sexual networks remains unclear in South Africa. We provide an overview of the dynamics of HIV risks in South African men through a systematic scoping review. METHODS & ANALYSIS: Literature searches were conducted on seven online databases. Two reviewers independently screened articles against the inclusion criteria and performed a Kappa coefficient test to evaluate the degree of agreement on article selection. Thematic content analysis and a Mixed Method Appraisal Tool version 2018 were used to present the narrative account of the outcomes and to assess the risk of bias on included studies. RESULTS: Of the 1356 records identified, six studies reported on the dynamics of HIV infection in heterosexual men in sexual networks. All studies that were included were published between 2006 and 2016. The participants were aged 13 years and above and comprised of sero-discordant couples, HIV patients, and male and female in the general population. These studies were conducted in multiple diverse regions including South Africa, Senegal, Uganda, Malawi, Kenya, Tanzania, Botswana and Zambia. Evidence showed that age and sexual partnerships were most commonly identified attributes to either HIV infection and/or transmission risks in men. While other biological and behavioral data were reported, the results were not specific to men. DISCUSSION: The impact of age and sexual partnerships are poorly understood and the data available limit inferences to South African men. Limited empiric evidence of HIV risk among men impacts on the design, development and tailoring of HIV prevention interventions to alter the trajectory.

scholarly journals The impact of HIV infection on the presentation of lung cancer in South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (7) ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
C F N Koegelenberg ◽  
T Van der Made ◽  
J J Taljaard ◽  
E M Irusen
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Evaluation of the accuracy of the CellaVision™ DM96 in a high HIV-prevalence population in South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenifer L. Vaughan ◽  
Sakina Loonat ◽  
Nazeer Alli
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
South African ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
White Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: The CellaVision™ DM96 (DM96) is a digital microscopy system which performs well in developed countries. However, to date it has not been evaluated in Africa, where the pathology spectrum encountered is very different. In particular, its utility in a setting with high HIV prevalence has not been assessed, which is of interest because of the morphological aberrations often seen in HIV-positive patients.Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the DM96 in a South African laboratory, with emphasis on its performance in samples collected from HIV-positive patients.Methods: A total of 149 samples submitted for a routine differential white cell count in 2012 and 2013 at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa were included, of which 79 (53.0%) were collected from HIV-positive patients. Results of DM96 analysis pre- and post-classification were compared with a manual differential white cell count and the impact of HIV infection and other variables of interest were assessed.Results: Pre- and post-classification accuracies were similar to those reported in developed countries. Reclassification was required in 16% of cells, with particularly high misclassification rates for eosinophils (31.7%), blasts (33.7%) and basophils (93.5%). Multivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between the number of misclassified cells and both the white cell count (p = 0.035) and the presence of malignant cells in the blood (p = 0.049), but not with any other variables analysed, including HIV status.Conclusion: The DM96 exhibited acceptable accuracy in this South African laboratory, which was not impacted by HIV infection. However, as it does not eliminate the need for experienced morphologists, its cost may be unjustifiable in a resource-constrained setting.

scholarly journals The Impact of an HIV Community Engagement Programme among Men Who Have Sex with Men in a Rural Community in South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Ntshilagane Mampane
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
The Impact

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are regarded as a high-risk group for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection worldwide. In South Africa, which is home to the largest number of people living with HIV, research has revealed that HIV prevalence and incidence rates among MSM have reached crisis proportions. African MSM in particular are more susceptible to the risk of HIV infection due to increasing homophobia on the African continent coupled with poor socio-economic backgrounds such as poverty, unemployment and low educational levels. In this regard, there is a need to develop appropriate and relevant interventions such as community engagement approaches which have shown to be effective in improving the health and wellbeing of marginalised and minority populations in disadvantaged and underprivileged communities. In the context of this study, the latter refers to Black MSM who live in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of MSM and health care providers (HCPs) regarding the impact of community engagement on HIV testing, prevention, treatment, care and support among MSM in rural villages in North West province, South Africa. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with 4 MSM and 4 HCPs who have been involved in a community engagement programme in these rural villages. In a nutshell, the findings of the study revealed that community engagement has encouraged MSM to access and utilise HIV testing, prevention, treatment, care and support than they used to previously.        

Some Reflections on Reparation in Post-Apartheid South Africa, using a Couple Therapy Intervention as a Microcosm of South African Society

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Hill ◽  
Sylvia Poss
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Couple Therapy ◽  
South African Society ◽  
Depressive Position ◽  
Central Hypothesis ◽  
Transference And Countertransference ◽  
Constructive Engagement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Therapy Intervention

The paper addresses the question of reparation in post-apartheid South Africa. The central hypothesis of the paper is that in South Africa current traumas or losses, such as the 2008 xenophobic attacks, may activate a ‘shared unconscious phantasy’ of irreparable damage inflicted by apartheid on the collective psyche of the South African nation which could block constructive engagement and healing. A brief couple therapy intervention by a white therapist with a black couple is used as a ‘microcosm’ to explore this question. The impact of an extreme current loss, when earlier losses have been sustained, is explored. Additionally, the impact of racial difference on the transference and countertransference between the therapist and the couple is explored to illustrate factors complicating the productive grieving and working through of the depressive position towards reparation.

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