scholarly journals Genital Tract Viral Load in HIV Type 1-Positive Women Correlates with Specific Cytokine Levels in Cervical-Vaginal Secretions But Is Not a Determinant of Infectious Virus or Anti-HIV Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1533-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy R. Mukura ◽  
Mimi Ghosh ◽  
John V. Fahey ◽  
Susan Cu-Uvin ◽  
Charles R. Wira
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Vaginal Secretions ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Anti Hiv

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, Cytomegalovirus, and Human Immunodeficiency Viruses in Multitransfused Thalassemic Children in Upper Egypt

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramadan A. Mahmoud ◽  
Abdel-Azeem M. El-Mazary ◽  
Ashraf Khodeary
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
Egyptian Children ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Anti Hiv

Background. Frequent blood transfusions in thalassemia major children expose them to the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in thalassemic children attending the Pediatrics Departments of both Sohag and Minia Universities of Upper Egypt, during the period from May 2014 to May 2015.Methods. Serum samples were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV, anti-CMV, and anti-HIV type 1 and type 2 using the Vitek Immunodiagnostic Assay System.Results. The frequencies of anti-HCV, HBsAg, anti-CMV, and anti-HIV type 1 and type 2 were found to be 37.11%, 4.12%, 4.12%, 0.00%, and 0.00%, respectively. Seropositivity for anti-HCV, HBsAg, and anti-CMV increased with increasing age of the patients, duration of the disease, serum ferritin level (ng/mL), and liver enzymes (U/L), while it was not significantly associated with gender, frequency of blood transfusion, or the status of splenectomy operation (P>0.05).Conclusion. The frequency of TTIs, especially HCV, is considerably high among Egyptian children with thalassemia major. It is therefore important to implement measures to improve blood transfusion screening, such as polymerase chain reaction, in order to reduce TTIs from blood donor units.

The Design, Production, and Validation of an Anti-HIV Type 1 Ribozyme

2003 ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Lun-Quan Sun ◽  
Wayne Gerlach ◽  
Geoff Symonds
Keyword(s):  
Design Production ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Anti Hiv

Synergistic Neutralization of a Chimeric SIV/HIV Type 1 Virus with Combinations of Human Anti-HIV Type 1 Envelope Monoclonal Antibodies or Hyperimmune Globulins

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 647-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
AN LI ◽  
TIMOTHY W. BABA ◽  
JOSEPH SODROSKI ◽  
SUSAN ZOLLA-PAZNER ◽  
MIROSLAW K. GORNY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Anti Hiv

scholarly journals Early Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Specific B-Lymphocyte-Derived Antibodies in a High-Risk Population

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1060-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odd Odinsen ◽  
David Parker ◽  
Frans Radebe ◽  
Mikey Guness ◽  
David A Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
P24 Antigen ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Diagnosis of acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a key driver of the HIV epidemic, remains a public health challenge. The PlasmAcute technology offers an opportunity to detect early anti-HIV antibody responses. B lymphocytes (B cells) were isolated from the blood of seronegative miners in South Africa by using the PlasmAcute method. B-cell lysates and paired sera were tested for anti-HIV-1 antibodies by two different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays; immunoreactivity was confirmed by Western blotting. All volunteers were tested for HIV type 1 (HIV-1) viral load, p24 antigen, and CD4 count. Sera from HIV-seronegative men who had positive viral loads and were positive for p24 antigen were retested for anti-HIV antibodies after immune complex dissociation. Anti-HIV antibodies were detected in lysates from 16/259 subjects without immunoreactivity in paired sera. Four subjects, one of whom had a positive viral load initially, subsequently seroconverted. Six subjects showed transient anti-HIV-1 antibodies in the lysates and tested negative for all markers at the follow-up. Five subjects without follow-up data initially had lysate-positive/serum-negative samples, and these cases were classified as inconclusive. One subject had lysate antibodies and a detectable viral load but was seronegative at follow-up. In conclusion, lysate-derived anti-HIV-1 B-cell antibodies can be detected prior to seroconversion and earlier than or contemporary with HIV-1 RNA detection.

Impact of Viral Load Testing on Patient Care

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (11) ◽  
pp. 1011-1014
Author(s):  
Frederick S. Nolte
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Hiv Rna ◽  
Viral Load Testing ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Standard Of Practice ◽  
Hiv Type 1

Abstract Quantitative human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 RNA tests have been essential tools in increasing our understanding of HIV pathogenesis and antiretroviral therapy. The plasma HIV RNA level is among the most powerful predictive tests in modern medicine for disease progression and has rapidly become the standard of practice for guiding clinicians in initiating, monitoring, and changing antiretroviral therapy. In this article the scientific rationale and clinical indications for viral load testing in HIV infection are reviewed.

scholarly journals Female Genital Tract Shedding of CXCR4-Tropic HIV Type 1 Is Associated with a Majority Population of CXCR4-Tropic HIV Type 1 in Blood and Declining CD4+Cell Counts

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1524-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Haaland ◽  
Sharon T. Sullivan ◽  
Tammy Evans-Strickfaden ◽  
Jeffrey L. Lennox ◽  
Clyde E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cd4 Cell Counts ◽  
Majority Population ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Female Genital

Prospective Longitudinal Analysis of Viral Load and Surrogate Markers in Relation to Clinical Progression in HIV Type 1-Infected Persons

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. BRUISTEN ◽  
P.H.J. FRISSEN ◽  
P. VAN SWIETEN ◽  
P.R. HARRIGAN ◽  
I. KINGHORN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Surrogate Markers ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Chloroquine Exerts an Additive in Vitro Anti-HIV Type 1 Effect When Associated with Didanosine and Hydroxyurea

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (14) ◽  
pp. 1241-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan R. Boelaert ◽  
Kirk Sperber ◽  
Jacques Piette
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Anti Hiv

A Potent Anti-HIV Immunotoxin Blocks Spreading Infection by Primary HIV Type 1 Isolates in Multiple Cell Types

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kira K. Lueders ◽  
Stephen C. De Rosa ◽  
Antonio Valentin ◽  
George N. Pavlakis ◽  
Mario Roederer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Anti Hiv
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